Relish the Moment

Tucked away in our subconscious is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out the windows,     

Moment relations for some discrete distributions

Summary

Recursion relations for moments not involving differentiation with respect to the parameter of the distribution are given for the Poisson distribution in Philipson (1963) and those for the logarithmic series distribution in Patil, Kamat and Wani (1964) and Patil and Wani (1965). Similar results are obtained here for the negative binomial distribution. The relations referred to above are obtained as corollaries.     

Moment explosions in stochastic volatility models

In this paper, we demonstrate that many stochastic volatility models have the undesirable property that moments of order higher than 1 can become infinite in finite time. As arbitrage-free price computation for a number of important fixed income products involves forming expectations of functions with super-linear growth, such lack of moment stability is of significant practical importance. For instance, we demonstrate that reasonably parametrized models can produce infinite prices for Eurodollar futures and for swaps with floating legs paying either Libor-in-arrears or a constant maturity swap rate. We systematically examine the moment explosion property across a spectrum of stochastic volatility models. We show that lognormal and displaced-diffusion type models are easily prone to moment explosions, whereas CEV-type models (including the so-called SABR model) are not. Related properties such as the failure of the martingale property are also considered.

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风口浪尖上的威廉·唐纳森

2002年,安然、世通等公司的财务丑闻沉重地打击了投资者信心,美国SEC前任主席哈维·皮特就是因处理不当而备受牵连,被迫在上任仅15个月后于去年11月5日提交了辞呈.当月10日,布什总统正式提名71岁的华尔街著名投资银行家威廉·唐纳森为第27任主席候选人.2月18日,他正式就任.     

Fourth Moment Structure of Multivariate GARCH Models

This article derives conditions for the existence of fourthmoments of multivariate GARCH processes in the general vectorspecification and gives explicit results for the fourth momentsand autocovariances of the squares and cross products. Resultsare provided for the kurtosis and cokurtosis between components.Applications of the results include the definition of impulseresponse functions for kurtosis and cokurtosis, the derivationof the spectral density matrix of the squares and cross products,and a measure for causality in volatility. A bivariate exchangerate example illustrates the applications.     

Pricing CIR Yield Options by Conditional Moment Matching

We propose an approximation scheme for the pricing of yield options in the CIR model using conditional moment matching based on the gamma and lognormal distributions. This method is fast and simple to implement, and it shows a high degree of accuracy without being subject to the numerical instabilities that can be encountered with more sophisticated approaches.     

文化产业投资正逢其时

文化产业是我国社会及经济发展的亮点和重要成分,是助推经济结构调整、加速经济发展模式转变的重要领域,发展前景灿烂。把握住时机的文化企业将快速成长并为其投资者提供丰厚回报。文化产业投资模式多样,VC、PE、并购等投资模式可以为处于初创期、成长期、成熟期的企业满足其不同的发展需求,另类投资作为资产配置的一种选择将逐步得到市场的认可,发展前景广阔。为了进一步促进文化产业的发展和文化投资的繁荣,国家应当鼓励文化行业向民间资本进一步开放;应重视投资交易风险控制、完善监管机制;进一步完善法律、税收等相关政策支持。     

The Finite Moment Log Stable Process and Option Pricing

We document a surprising pattern in S&P 500 option prices. When implied volatilities are graphed against a standard measure of moneyness, the implied volatility smirk does not flatten out as maturity increases up to the observable horizon of two years. This behavior contrasts sharply with the implications of many pricing models and with the asymptotic behavior implied by the central limit theorem (CLT). We develop a parsimonious model which deliberately violates the CLT assumptions and thus captures the observed behavior of the volatility smirk over the maturity horizon. Calibration exercises demonstrate its superior performance against several widely used alternatives.     

A Reexamination of the Relationship Between Preferences and Moment Orderings by Rational Risk-Averse Investors

This article examines the relationship between risk, return, skewness, and utility-based preferences. Examples are constructed showing that, for any commonly used utility function, it is possible to have two continuous unimodal random variables X and Y with positive and equal means, X having a larger variance and lower positive skewness than Y, and yet X has larger expected utility than Y, contrary to persistent folklore concerning U > 0 implying skewness preference for risk averters. In additon, it is shown that ceteris paribus analysis of preferences and moments, as occasionally used in the literature, is impossible since equality of higher-order central moments implies the total equality of the distributions involved.     

基于小波神经网络的高阶CAPM实证研究

本文在传统CAPM的基础上,引入了一个高阶的CAPM。借助小波神经网络在非线性函数逼近方面的优势,使用上海证券交易所股票数据分别对二阶至四阶CAPM进行了实证分析。最终的研究结果表明:就上海股市而言,12只大盘股组合已经能够有效分散非系统风险,而12只小盘股不能充分化解非系统风险,存在所谓的规模效应;训练后的网络预测显示,高阶CAPM无论是在预测精度还是预测稳定性上都要明显优于传统的CAPM,在一个非系统风险得到充分分散的证券组合中,加入三阶矩的CAPM已经能够比较准确地把握风险资产的市场定价。     

Variance and Lower Partial Moment Measures of Systematic Risk: Some Analytical and Empirical Results

As a measure of systematic risk, the lower partial moment measure requires fewer restrictive assumptions than does the variance measure. However, the latter enjoys far wider usage than the former, perhaps because of its familiarity and the fact that two measures of systematic risk are equivalent when return distributions are normal. This paper shows analytically that there are systematic differences in the two risk measures when return distributions are lognormal. Results of empirical tests show that there are indeed systematic differences in measured values of the two risk measures for securities with above average and with below average systematic risk.     

适应外汇管理理念与方式变革的举措探析

党的十八大以来,外汇管理的理念和方式发生了革命性变革,有效促进了贸易和投资便利化。但是在变革中,外汇指定银行的一些行为不利于外汇管理的开展,需要地方外汇管理部门和外汇指定银行共同应对予以解决。     

贷款13．23亿支持保护中国文化遗产

在过去18年里,世界银行在中国支持了12个与文化遗产保护有关的项目,贷款总额约13．23亿美元。世行新报告《保护过去,为未来奠定基础》概要介绍了这些项目采纳的方式方法,梳理归纳了经验教训,明确了未来的方向以及面临的挑战。     

论决策价值化过程中的几个问题

从决策价值化的视角阐述决策中价值盲点、价值误区和价值局限对决策价值化的影响,探索针对价值盲点、价值误区和价值局限实现决策价值化的相应对策,构建实现决策价值化的理论分析框架。     

欧盟东扩对发展中国家的经济影响

欧盟东扩所带来的贸易转移效果和欧盟对外援助方向的改变使非、加、太发展中国家成为直接受害者，同时它也标志着欧盟对发展中国家的经济政策已开始摆脱带有原殖民体系痕迹的模式而进入“后殖民体系”时期。一旦中东欧国家在21世纪初成为欧盟正式成员，亚洲发展中国家也将在欧盟市场上面临严峻的挑战。     

抗战时期法币贬值对根据地社会经济的影响

法币贬值是20世纪40年代中国经济史上的重大事件,其影响不仅限于物价上扬和人们生活水平的降低,由此带来的连锁反应对当时社会财富的分配、阶级结构的调整等所产生的作用在一定意义上甚至比根据地货币政策更为直接彻底。因此,在考察根据地社会形态变迁的过程中,应把法币贬值这一重大经济事件纳入其中。同时,法币贬值使边币大量发行,根据地经济进入了独立自主、自力更生的新阶段。     

启动民间投资推进城镇化建设

城镇化建设是改变我国城乡二元经济结构、缩小城乡差别、解决农村剩余劳动力问题的必然要求。推进城镇化建设的资金投入，不可能主要依靠财政或其他外部来源，而只能以民间投资为主体。从信息经济学角度分析，启动民间投资推进城镇化建设的关键是要保证信息的成功传递，在宏观和中观层面应加大政策的宣传和引导力度，在微观层面应积极发展中介服务机构。     

进一步完善房产税的几个问题

上海、重庆两市开展对个人住房征收房产税的试点,使房产税这一长期以来备受关注的议题有了实质性的进展。进一步完善房产税,是健全税制与地方税体系、增加地方财政收入、缩小社会贫富差距的重要举措,它应与调控房价无必然的联系。不过,高房价、土地财政以及现有的税收征管机制,是完善房产税过程中必须要解决的问题。本文围绕以上问题,提出相应的对策思路。