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企业中不信任现象的存在导致企业运行成本和管理成本增加.美国著名企业信任研究专家R.M.Kramer博士的六类型信任模型所揭示的先天性信任、历史性信任、以第三方为中介而建立的信任、相同社会范畴信任、角色信任和社会规则信任在我国企业中同样存在.同时,中国文化中的"关系"也影响着中国企业中的信任水平,这使Kramer信任模型在中国信任研究与运用中存在一定的局限性.基于对企业不信任现象影响因素的深入剖析,笔者提出了应对策略,以期帮助我国管理者提高建立高信任度企业的理论水平与技能水平. 相似文献
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Gary A. Dymski 《International Review of Applied Economics》2005,19(4):439-457
This paper suggests one set of mechanisms that ties financial globalization processes to local dynamics of financial inclusion or exclusion. Specifically, this paper explores the worldwide reconsideration of financial firms’ strategies that has accompanied financial globalization. It is shown that the neoliberal and asymmetric‐information approaches to credit markets and financial crises in developing economies overlook these dimensions of financial globalization because of their tendency to focus on representative credit markets. Banks’ strategic shift has led to the global homogenization and stratification of financial practices—and this in turn has been a key driver of processes of financial exclusion. Financial exclusion then involves bifurcation within financial markets, so that different markets serve different portions of the household and business population. This analysis suggests a reconstruction of Minsky’s microfoundational model of the origins of financial fragility and crisis, which shifts from Minsky’s emphasis on a representative borrower–lender relationship to a situation of borrower–lender relationships in bifurcated markets. 相似文献
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This paper examines the effect of the national culture of the chief executive officers (CEOs) on their risk-taking behavior in managing the banks, leading to banks' instability using a sample of 805 CEOs for 517 commercial banks in 33 countries from 2011 to 2017. Our empirical results confirm that bank risk-taking behavior is negatively associated with the national culture of the CEOs who score high on the individualistic culture dimension. We also find that bank risk is likely to increase under the management of CEOs coming from high power distance countries. These results have largely remained unchanged across different settings. 相似文献
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Xuan Shen 《Applied economics》2018,50(41):4402-4417
This article provides empirical evidence on how profitability of small community banks was affected by derivatives use before and after the 2008 crisis. We use an endogenous switching regressions model to estimate the sensitivity of bank profitability to risks and control for the endogenous choice to use or not to use derivatives. We then compute counterfactual effects and show how profitability would have looked without derivatives use for banks that used derivatives and how it would have looked with derivatives for banks that did not use derivatives. The results show that derivatives helped reduce the sensitivity of profitability to credit risks and improved profitability for most specialists. However, for the largest number of banks which are non-user non-specialists, devivates use would have resulted in lower return on assets had they used derivatives post 2008. Therefore, our evidence suggests that implementation of the Volcker Rule, imposing high compliance costs on community banks and, thus, discouraging hedging, may have a negative impact on profits of specialists banks but, overall, a neutral effect on profits in the community banks industry as a whole. 相似文献
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Helga Kristjánsdóttir Þórhallur Örn Guðlaugsson Svala Guðmundsdóttir Gylfi Dalmann Aðalsteinsson 《Applied economics》2017,49(57):5792-5801
The objective is to analyse if international trade is affected by different national cultures. International trade of 21 World Bank listed countries is estimated as function of the Hofstede cultural dimensions, gross domestic product and population. First, we estimate the combined Hofstede culture dimensions and find significant positive effects on countries’ international trade. Secondly, we decompose the Hofstede culture dimensions and estimate the effects of each separate dimension on international trade, finding only the MAS dimension to significantly affect international trade. We estimate additional equation versions to account for occasional trade restrictions with no international trade, as well as estimating how international trade varies between years. These additional estimations further support our original findings, and therefore act as robustness check. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTWe examine to what extent (aspects of) national culture can explain cross-country variations in financial literacy. Our results, for a sample of 92 countries, show that Hofstede’s dimensions of power distance and individualism explain, respectively, over 40 and 60 per cent – which is substantially more than national cognitive scores and standard economic variables. In particular, we find that financial literacy is lower in countries where power distance is high, and that the opposite is true for individualism. Uncertainty avoidance would seem be negatively related with financial literacy, but the evidence is not so strong. For masculinity, indulgence, and long-term orientation we find no significant impact. Overall, our results highlight the need for additional (interdisciplinary) theories that can improve our understanding of the determinants of financial literacy and better guide policies in this area. 相似文献
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We analyse determinants of trust in the European Central Bank (ECB). Our main finding is that when households have pessimistic expectations, aggressive cuts in interest rates have an adverse effect on their trust in central bank. This result is in accordance with the ‘lack-of-confidence shock’ hypothesis developed by Schmitt-Grohé and Uribe (2012) and in contrast with the ‘fundamental shock’ hypothesis which implies positive effects of aggressive cuts for trust in the ECB. The result is robust to various changes in the modelling approach. 相似文献
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信任问题倍受社会学关注并已引起经济学和管理学的重视,但在财务学领域,信任问题还是一个全新的研究课题。本认为,信任是信息不对称的委托代理关系,信任是财务行为的内生性因素。是提高财务效率的重要机制。降低信任所带来的财务风险,最重要的是建立信任的保障机制。事前的信任保障机制就是审慎的信任给予机制,包括信息搜寻机制、信任审查机制、信任限制机制、信任和信任担保机制;事后的信任保险机制主要依赖于强制性的法律程序,包括自发性和解机制、相机控制机制、破产清算机制、财产追索机制和撕破面子机制等。 相似文献
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任何事物都具有两重性,金融全球化对任何国家都是利弊共存的,本文先就金融全球化的定义和特点作简要地阐述,然后通过对其他学者研究结论进行分析,得出结论,一个国家是否能从金融全球化中受益,取决于国家具体环境和体制特征,而这其中最重要的是金融体制,由于中国是以银行为主导的金融体制,所以,银行业重构就成了这个问题的关键。得出结论后,通过分析中国目前银行业存在的主要问题,参照韩国银行业重构的成功经验.提出了相应的重构方案。 相似文献
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Laura Lamb 《Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy》2015,34(4):273-289
This exploratory research examines survey data collected in the Canadian city of Kamloops, British Columbia on banking habits and attitudes, socio‐economic characteristics, and financial capability levels of Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal fringe finance users. The theoretical framework supporting the analysis is grounded in institutional theories of financial exclusion contending that culture and history are relevant. The results suggest that Aboriginal fringe finance users have different characteristics, financial experiences and levels of financial capability than their non‐Aboriginal counterparts. Aboriginal fringe finance users have lower levels of financial capability as assessed with an objective quiz. The results are expected to be relevant for policy makers attempting to reduce financial exclusion and increase well‐being for Canada's Aboriginal population as well as for other countries with Aboriginal populations, such as Australia and New Zealand. 相似文献
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金融自由化改革给我国商业银行的利润带来了一定的影响。基于Panel data的实证结果表明。在金融自由化期间,不同组织结构的银行所受到的影响不同,国有商业银行在此期间的利润有所增长,而股份制银行和地方商业银行的利润都有所下降。究其原因,金融自由化带来了银行业的激烈竞争,竞争使银行业的利润重新分配,导致了不同治理结构的银行利润不同。 相似文献
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通过实证分析我国14家上市商业银行以及金融指数的收益率的波动情况、相关系数和协方差,分析了我国上市商业银行的系统性风险中的共同风险因素。得到结论:14家上市商业银行对共同风险因素的反应较为一致;与其他上市商业银行相比,共同风险在大型商业银行的系统性风险中所占比重较大;与其他风险相比,大型商业银行对共同外部风险的反应更显著;金融指数能够较好地代表金融风险因素。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThe financial crisis of 2008 provides evidence for the instability of the conventional banking system. Social banks may present a viable alternative for conventional banks. This article analyses the performance of social banks related to the bank business model, economic efficiency, asset quality, and stability by comparing social banks with banks where the difference is likely to be large, namely with the 30 global systemically important banks (G-SIBs) of the Financial Stability Board over the period 2000–2014. We also analyse the relative impact of the global financial crisis on the bank performance. The performance of social banks and G-SIBs is surprisingly similar. 相似文献
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This article investigates the impact of financial reforms on bank efficiency. More specifically, we distinguish between two different types of financial reforms, i.e. financial liberalization measures and measures of the quality of bank regulation and supervision (i.e. financial regulation), and study their relationship to bank efficiency separately. Moreover, we analyse whether the impact of financial liberalization on bank efficiency is conditional on the quality of regulation and supervision of the banking system. We apply stochastic frontier analysis to calculate bank efficiency at the individual bank level and use a new and detailed database that measures different aspects of financial reforms. The data-set consists of 87 312 bank-year observations covering 61 countries for the period 1996–2005. Overall, we show that the impact of financial liberalization policies on bank efficiency is conditional on the extent to which bank regulation and supervision has been adopted and developed. 相似文献
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我国金融排除空间差异的影响要素分析 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
金融排除理论是一门新兴理论。文章介绍了金融排除的现状,并结合我国实际,尝试利用主成分分析、因子分析和聚类分析,建立排序选择模型,确定影响我国金融排除空间差异的影响要素,同时指出金融排除理论深化研究的思路和前景。 相似文献
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Bruce M. Skoorka 《Applied economics》2013,45(3):253-264
This paper develops a framework to simultaneously estimate production possibility frontiers and measure distortions in factor and product markets. The econometric results, based on a panel of 61 countries over the period 1970 through 1985, reveal very little distortion in factor markets but considerable distortion in product markets. In addition, the distortions tend to vary with the cyclical behaviour of economic activity. Further, the results suggest that in order to improve efficiency, commercial policy should aim at reducing product-market distortions rather than factor-market ones. 相似文献
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国有商业银行改革应慎重引进外国战略投资者 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
国有商业银行引入外国战略投资者引发了关于引资、定价及金融安全等问题的广泛争论。本文对当前固有商业银行改革过程中引入境外战略投资者的必要性、固有商业银行股权是否被“贱卖”以及固有商业银行引资是否威胁金融安全等问题提出了自己的看法。在此基础上,提出了金融改革和时外开放中需要深入思考的几个问题。 相似文献