三阶随机占优准则在证券选择中的应用

通常可以用分布函数和分位数函数描述随机占优准则,Man-ChungNg列举的两个例子说明在三阶随机占优条件下用两种方法得到的结论是不一致的,这与Levy的观点相反.该文分别将这两种方法描述的三阶随机占优准则用于上海证券市场的基金选择,发现用两种方法在应用中得到的结论并不总是一致的.由此验证用Levy提出的分位数方法描述的随机占优准则进行实证研究是不正确的,一阶和二阶条件除外.     

三阶随机占优准则在证券选择中的应用

通常可以用分布函数和分住数函数描述随机占优准则,Man-Chung Ng列举的两个例子说明在三阶随机占优条件下用两种方法得到的结论是不一致的,这与Levy的观点相反。该文分别将这两种方法描述的三阶随机占优准则用于上海证券市场的基金选择,发现用两种方法在应用中得到的结论并不总是一致的。由此验证用Levy提出的分位数方法描述的随机占优准则进行实证研究是不正确的,一阶和二阶条件除外。     

收入非农化已成南京农民增收新模式

今年上半年南京市农民人均现金收入为3488元，同比增长17．92％。从上半年农民增收情况看，“收入非农化”已经发展成为南京市农民增收的新模式。调查数据显示，上半年南京市农民工资性现金收入加上家庭经营性收入中的非农现金收入合计人均达到了2587元，占同期农民人均现金收入的75％左右。此项份额与上年同期相比提高了3个百分点。     

四川省农民收入差异分析

在中国经济新常态下,农业的外部环境、内部环境都影响着农民的收入.中国要富,首先就是农民要富,所以农民增收越来越受到大家的关注.但实际持续的增收有收益同时也伴随着风险.农民的合理收入差异能够带动农户的积极性,但是不合理的收入差异则会带来很多的社会问题.本文运用四川统计年鉴的数据,分析四川省五大经济区农民收入差异,从农民纯收入、收入结构来找出农民之间的差异,分析其收入的合理性.     

江苏省农民家庭财产性收入分析研究

本文通过分析江苏省农民家庭人均财产性收入的比重,探讨与发达地区差距的成因,提出了增加农民家庭人均财产性收入的具体措施。     

我国农民收入结构变动与收入波动的关联性分析

农民增收问题一直是我国“三农”问题的核心。在对改革开放以来我国农民收入结构变动与农民收入波动的变化趋势以及两者之间的内在联系进行分析判断的基础上,借鉴各产业部门对经济增长波动贡献的模型,实证分析了我国农民收入结构变动与收入波动之间,以及农民收入中各部分收入波动与农民收入波动之间的内在作用关系。研究发现：农民家庭经营收入对农民收入增长的贡献最大,且仍是农民收入增长的最主要来源,其次依次为工资性收入、财产性收入和转移性收入,而目前我国的经济制度等因素对农民收入的提高具有一定的抑制作用;农民收入中各部分收入的波动对农民收入的波动均没有明显作用,农民收入波动是农民家庭经营收入和农民财产性、转移性收入的格兰杰原因而不是农民工资性收入的格兰杰原因。     

粮食价格波动对农民收入的影响分析

增加农民收入是建设社会主义新农村的关键.本文认为,在粮食价格波动对农民收入的影响中可分为两部分,一是粮食价格波动对农民粮食收入的直接影响,另一是由于粮食价格波动给农民提供了外出务工即非农收入对农民收入的影响.粮食产量增加时,有促进农民收入增加的趋向,但产量的增加也有使价格向下的趋势,又使得农民的收入减少.当产量减少时,印有使农民收入减少的影响,又有因价格上涨使农民收入增加的影响.当粮食价格的波动使农民的收入趋于减少时,农民寻求增加非农收入.     

城市化进程对农民收入结构的影响分析

在研究城市化进程中农民收入结构变动特征的基础上,运用灰色关联理论分析中国城市化进程对不同收入来源的影响程度,得出了如下主要结论:推进城镇化进程,农民各项收入来源得到不同程度的增长;农民工资性收入与城市化基本同比率增长.家庭经营性收入占总收入比例逐年下降,财产性收入和转移性收入逐年增加,但两项收入占总收入比重变化甚微;城镇化时农民各项收入来源的影响大小依次为:工资性收入、转移性收入、财产性收入、家庭经营性收入.最后根据结论提出相应建议.促使农民收入结构更加合理,使得农民收入在城市化进程中持续增加.     

农民收入增加与农民福利增加分析

本文运用拉姆齐模型和内生增长模型对我国农民收入增加与农民福利增加之间的关系进行了研究,分析结果表明全体农民福利极大化时的收入增长率与个体农民效用极大化时的收入增长率存在差异。这一结果表明,单个农民追求效用极大化时并没有使全体农民福利极大化。     

新阶段农民收入和负担的经济学分析

农民问题的核心是农民收入。收入和负担是对立统一的。本文回顾了各历史时期农民收入增加的状况,用经济学原理加以分析,提出现阶段农民的收入增加面临更多约束,会有更大波动,强调教育和医疗这两项负担是收入的最大漏出项。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。