中国债券市场私募利差研究

在信用债绝对收益率低、风险偏好回落的市场环境下,投资者可以在私募债市场上挖掘机会.相较于公募债券,私募债券因为流动性差和信用风险高,可以给投资者提供一个风险溢价.通过计算主体点差对主体的私募利差进行分析发现,受债券信用评级、品种和发债主体所有制属性影响,私募利差分布呈现出正偏态和聚集性;私募利差的时间序列非连续,可能与中债估值调整有关.由于私募利差序列波动较小,投资者可以利用私募利差对私募债进行定价,作为制定私募债交易策略的基准.     

绿色投资者与债券信用利差——基于银行间债券市场的研究

<正>文章以2017—2021年银行间市场上市公司所发行债券为研究样本,检验绿色投资者对债券信用利差的影响。研究发现,绿色投资者的存在显著降低了上市公司信用风险及相关债券信用利差,与不存在绿色投资者的上市公司相比,存在绿色投资者的上市公司发行债券的信用利差约低14.4%。文章进一步分析发现,绿色投资者导致债券信用利差降低的现象在ESG绩效和内部控制较差的样本中更为显著。因此,基于本文的研究结论,银行间债券市场应该考虑引入绿色投资者,完善绿色债券市场建设。     

基于RAROC模型的存贷利差水平研究

本文基于RAROC模型提出了一个存贷利差定价模型,认为存贷款利差与违约率、损失率、非利息收入比重、费用率、存放款比例和银行实际资金成本有关。利用我国的相关数据求出了各类商业银行存贷利差的临界值,认为从实际利差来看,我国当前的存贷利差水平基本合理。     

基于信用利差的中国城投债券信用风险分析

在"四万亿"投资的推动下,中国城投债券的发行规模大幅增加。与此同时,城投公司的整体债务规模也急剧攀升,其债务总量超过了地方政府的财政收入水平,城投公司的整体信用水平不容乐观。因此,城投债券的信用风险需引起足够重视。本文从量化角度研究了影响中国城投债券信用风险的四个因素,结果显示,中国城投债券的信用利差与发债企业的资产规模以及发债企业所在地区的人均GDP水平负相关,与企业债券收益率以及担保正相关。     

基于RAROC模型的存贷利差水平研究

本文基于RAROC模型提出了一个存贷利差定价模型,认为存贷款利差与违约率、损失率、非利息收入比重、费用率、存放款比例和银行实际资金成本有关.利用我国的相关数据求出了各类商业银行存贷利差的临界值,认为从实际利差来看,我国当前的存贷利差水平基本合理.     

从期权角度分析商业银行利差存在的合理性

我国利率市场化进程在逐步推进,为我国实现经济开放增加助力。对利率最为敏感的商业银行业在利率管制放开之后,也是发生了翻天覆地的变革,银行业的传统盈利模式正在发生转变。商业银行利差是否应该存在已经成为一个亟需讨论的问题,笔者试图从期权角度分析商业银行利差存在的合理性,并在此基础上,对商业银行存贷利差的最小值进行一定的度量。     

基于利差角度的企业债利率定价分析

在企业债的承销与发行过程中,企业债的定价问题是各个环节的重中之重,它与当前的宏观经济形势和债券市场的运行状况息息相关.其定价既要保证企业可以筹集到低成本的资金,又要控制企业债的利率风险.本文以Shibor为基准利率、6年期AA评级的企业债为例,从利差的角度对其定价问题进行了分析.     

中国金融垄断的一个例证--实际利差扩大化

随着股份制商业银行的壮大和中小金融机构的兴起以及外资银行的进入，我国国有商业银行一统天下的局面有了很大改观，但是国有商业银行的垄断地位却没有发生根本性改变。国有商业银行依然凭借其垄断地位，直接或间接地获取垄断利润。本从国有商业银行存贷款利差分析入手，阐述了实际利差扩大化的产生机理，指出国有商业银行垄断地位是实际利差扩大化的制度基础，从而表明实际利差扩大化正是我国金融垄断的一个有力证据。     

Volatility Information Trading in the Option Market

This paper investigates informed trading on stock volatility in the option market. We construct non-market maker net demand for volatility from the trading volume of individual equity options and find that this demand is informative about the future realized volatility of underlying stocks. We also find that the impact of volatility demand on option prices is positive. More importantly, the price impact increases by 40% as informational asymmetry about stock volatility intensifies in the days leading up to earnings announcements and diminishes to its normal level soon after the volatility uncertainty is resolved.     

Emerging Bond Market Volatility and Country Spreads

Using JPMorgan's emerging market bond index, this paper analyzes how increases in country credit spreads can persist in emerging bond markets. The results of T-GARCH regressions show that, during financial crisis periods, emerging countries' credit spreads may increase persistently as a result of interaction between changes in spreads and volatilities, making emerging bond markets more turbulent. The results suggest that emerging countries should endeavor to develop a stabilization mechanism by enhancing information efficiency in bond markets. In particular, because Asian countries have experienced persistent, overreactive volatility, this paper implies that Asian countries should work together more closely during financial crisis periods.     

Dynamic Volatility Trading Strategies in the Currency Option Market

The conditional volatility of foreign exchange rates can be predicted using GARCH models or implied volatility extracted from currency options. This paper investigates whether these predictions are economically meaningful in trading strategies that are designed only to trade volatility risk. First, this article provides new evidence on the issue of information content of implied volatility and GARCH volatility in forecasting future variance. In an artificial world without transaction costs both delta-neutral and straddle trading stratgies lead to significant positive profits, regardless of which volatility prediction method is used. Specifically, the agent using the Implied Stochastic Volatility Regression method (ISVR) earns larger profits than the agent using the GARCH method. Second, it suggests that the currency options market is informationally efficient. After accounting for transaction costs, which are assumed to equal one percent of option prices, observed profits are not significantly differentfrom zero in most trading strategies. Finally, these strategies offered returns have higher Sharpe ratio and lower correlation with several major asset classes. Consequently, hedge funds and institutional investors who are seeking alternative “marketneutral” investment methods can use volatility trading to improvethe risk-return profile of their portfolio through diversification. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Trading Activity and Price Volatility in the Municipal Bond Market

Utilizing a comprehensive database of transactions in municipal bonds, we investigate the volume–volatility relation in the municipal bond market. We find a positive relation between the number of transactions and a bond's price volatility. In contrast to previous studies, we find a negative relation between average deal size and price volatility. These results are found to be robust throughout the sample. Our results are inconsistent with current theoretical models of the volume–volatility relation. These inconsistencies may arise because current models fail to account for the effects of overall market liquidity on the costs of large transactions.     

中国债券市场与股票市场间波动溢出效应——基于SJC-Copula模型的分析

本文基于SJC-Copula模型分析债券市场和股票市场间的波动溢出效应,并以此进一步分析波动溢出效应对债券市场风险规避能力的影响。研究选取2003年3月31日至2009年8月31日中信标普国债指数日数据和上证指数日数据,验证了两市波动溢出效应的存在性,同时发现波动溢出效应显著增强了债券市场规避风险的能力。     

我国债券市场统一方案构想

近两年,关于债券市场统一的呼声日高.党的十六届三中全会通过的<中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定>提出了"建立统一互联的证券市场,完善交易、登记和结算体系",日前发布的<国务院关于推进资本市场改革开放和稳定发展的若干意见>更是明确提出"逐步建立集中监管、统一互联的债券市场".可以看出,债券市场的发展问题已开始得到中央的日益关注,债券市场统一问题的解决也开始列入有关监管部门的日程表.     

Option Prices, Implied Price Processes, and Stochastic Volatility

This paper characterizes all continuous price processes that are consistent with current option prices. This extends Derman and Kani (1994), Dupire (1994, 1997), and Rubinstein (1994), who only consider processes with deterministic volatility. Our characterization implies a volatility forecast that does not require a specific model, only current option prices. We show how arbitrary volatility processes can be adjusted to fit current option prices exactly, just as interest rate processes can be adjusted to fit bond prices exactly. The procedure works with many volatility models, is fast to calibrate, and can price exotic options efficiently using familiar lattice techniques.     

中国上市公司融资选择的市场时机效应——基于股票换手率和股票收益的实证检验

自从市场时机资本结构理论提出以来，国内外学者从理论的解释能力和实用性等方面对这一新兴融资决策理论进行了大量研究，并得出许多有意义的结论。然而目前的实证检验主要基于市值账面比（M／B）指标作为市场时机代理变量，这一指标引起学者们很大争议，研究结论缺乏可靠性。本文根据我国资本市场实际特征选择股票换手率作为市场时机代理变量，实证检验了市场时机与外部融资方式选择的关系，同时引入股票收益变量检验市场时机对资本结构动态变动的综合影响。研究结论显示，换手率在企业权益融资中具有重要作用，换手率较高时企业选择发行更多的股权融资，股票换手率和股票收益均对资本结构变动具有显著的负向影响。这表明我国上市公司确实存在着融资选择的市场时机效应。     

Valuation and Optimal Exercise of the Wild Card Option in the Treasury Bond Futures Market

The Chicago Board of Trade Treasury Bond Futures Contract allows the short position several delivery options as to when and with which bond the contract will be settled. The timing option allows the short position to choose any business day in the delivery month to make delivery. In addition, the contract settlement price is locked in at 2:00 p .m . when the futures market closes, despite the facts that the short position need not declare an intent to settle the contract until 8:00 p .m . and that trading in Treasury bonds can occur all day in dealer markets. If bond prices change significantly between 2:00 and 8:00 p .m ., the short has the option of settling the contract at a favorable 2:00 p .m . price. This phenomenon, which recurs on every trading day of the delivery month, creates a sequence of 6-hour put options for the short position which has been dubbed the “wild card option.” This paper presents a valuation model for the wild card option and computes estimates of the value of that option, as well as rules for its optimal exercise.