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This essay employs Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice and the methodology of Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) to extend the mapping of the dynamic relations between class and culture presented in Bourdieu's Distinction to encompass urban space, drawing on data from a multi‐method research project on the city of Porto, Portugal. We present a detailed analysis of the formation and structure of local social space and show its relevance for the study of the (re)production of urban lifestyles. Differences in the volume and composition of the capital of city residents are identified and shown to underpin the relations between social positions, dispositions and position takings in various realms of cultural consumption. Meaningful configurations of ‘lifestyle modalities’ have clear roots in the city's social space, which in Portugal, as in France, can be interpreted in terms of distinction, pretension and necessity. 相似文献
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Dilani Jayawarna Julia Rouse Allan Macpherson 《Entrepreneurship & Regional Development》2014,26(3-4):282-312
We explore how socially embedded life courses of individuals within Britain affect the resources they have available and their capacity to apply those resources to start-up. We propose that there will be common pathways to entrepreneurship from privileged resource ownership and test our propositions by modelling a specific life course framework, based on class and gender. We operationalize our model employing 18 waves of the British Household Panel Survey and event history random effect logistic regression modelling. Our hypotheses receive broad support. Business start-up in Britain is primarily made from privileged class backgrounds that enable resource acquisition and are a means of reproducing or defending prosperity. The poor avoid entrepreneurship except when low household income threatens further downward mobility and entrepreneurship is a more attractive option. We find that gendered childcare responsibilities disrupt class-based pathways to entrepreneurship. We interpret the implications of this study for understanding entrepreneurship and society and suggest research directions. 相似文献
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文章首先指出了当前建设的很多城市休憩空间中都没有真正对人性空间给予足够的重视,从而导致所谓的城市休憩空间利用率极低,然后通过学习与实践,提出了几点人性化空间的处理手法,希望以此能引起建筑师同行们对人性化空间更多的关注。 相似文献
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Ran Ye J. Hein Wendt Jinxi Wu Martin C. Euwema 《International Journal of Human Resource Management》2016,27(16):1791-1812
Despite the increasing popularity of managerial coaching in organizations worldwide, little is known with regard to how gender and culture may affect managerial behavior. The present study is the first empirical study on managerial coaching on a global scale. Based on social role theory, role congruity theory, and cross-cultural theory, we first expect female leaders to engage in more coaching behavior than male leaders. Second, we expect that male leadership, particularly coaching behavior, is more influenced by societal culture than female leadership. Survey data were obtained from more than 600,000 employees, assessing coaching behavior of more than 130,000 practicing managers from 51 countries/areas. Results support both expectations. Taken together, this study has advanced our empirical and theoretical understanding of managerial coaching on a global scale. 相似文献
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关于城市化的哲学沉思——论城市哲学的建构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
当代城市化日益呈现出复杂性、问题性,建构城市哲学对城市规划、城市建设、城市管理的科学化和合理化具有基础意义。城市哲学是城市本质论、城市发展论与城市意义论的有机整合,是对城市是什么、如何发展城市、如何理解城市等问题的系统探索。直面中国城市问题,努力解答中国特色城镇化进程的合理性、合法性、价值性等重大基础性问题,是我国城市哲学的重要建构路径。 相似文献
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Urban plans and projects that aim to initiate the redevelopment and gentrification of urban areas create social and ecological pressures on urban environments and thereby stimulate urban movements. These movements have a lifespan, which evolves in interaction with planning authorities under local or central governments and may be marked by institutionalization and co‐optation, as well as fragmentation among the people involved in them. Fragmentations are usually based on conflicting individual and collective interests, but may also be the result of different political perspectives in groups. This article is based on a case study conducted in two adjacent gecekondu neighbourhoods of Istanbul, Gülsuyu and Gülensu, where urban politics have played an important role in efforts to resist plans for urban transformation. It shows that fragmentations are very likely to occur in urban movements during planning processes in a neoliberal era, owing to the different perspectives in the movement on what the just city is. 相似文献
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Gülçin Erdi Lelandais 《International journal of urban and regional research》2014,38(5):1785-1806
This article highlights the role of collective identity and space in the emergence of social resistance within a neoliberal context. It argues that the attempted eviction of residents from their established neighbourhoods through public planning projects generates resistance against the reappropriation of these spaces and has encouraged new forms of resistance among inhabitants in several neighbourhoods. I particularly emphasize that planning projects often displace particular populations by force, principally minority communities, in order to confine them to new resettlement areas far from their customary living places, which has a socioeconomic impact on people's identity, everyday life and social solidarity. The article is based on empirical research in two neighbourhoods in Istanbul — 1 May?s and Sulukule — to analyse practices of resistance of inhabitants in everyday life and examine how this resistance shapes their identity and daily life. 相似文献
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Özdemir D 《International journal of urban and regional research》2011,35(6):1099-1117
This study examines the changing role of the public sector in Turkey with regard to housing provision since 1950, and particularly since 2000, and seeks to clarify how public intervention has affected housing provision and urban development dynamics in major cities. Three periods may be identified, with central government acting as a regulator in a first period characterized by a ‘housing boom’. During the second period, from 1980 to 2000, a new mass housing law spurred construction activity, although the main beneficiaries of the housing fund tended to be the middle classes. After 2000, contrary to emerging trends in both Northern and Southern European countries, the public sector in Turkey became actively involved in housing provision. During this process, new housing estates were created on greenfield sites on the outskirts of cities, instead of efforts being made to rehabilitate, restore or renew existing housing stock in the cities. Meanwhile, the concept of ‘urban regeneration’ has been opportunistically incorporated into the planning agenda of the public sector, and — under the pretext of regenerating squatter housing areas — existing residents have been moved out, while channels for community participation have been bypassed. 相似文献
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文化、城市文化与城市主题文化辨析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
当前城市文化建设的最大误区,是城市领导对文化、城市文化、城市主题文化三个概念没有搞清楚,错把狭义的文化概念当成了城市文化,这将对城市造成新一轮文化上的开发性破坏和破坏性开发,所以在新一轮的城市文化建设中,我们必须明确文化、城市文化、城市主题文化的基本概念,从而彻底解决城市文化建设中的盲区与误区问题。 相似文献
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中国本土化城市形态论 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
针对中国城市正在表现为城市文化与城市文脉的断裂,城市记忆出现空白,城市形态从物理的、空间的、文化的、心理的层面出现断裂这些现象,全面反思了中国城市形态的各种主要问题,提出了城市形态本土化主张,强调了中国本土化城市形态的人与自然和谐为本的理念,并将之上升为一个民族经济与社会文化发展可持续力的构建和民族自信力的重构问题. 相似文献
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Barbara Schönig 《International journal of urban and regional research》2020,44(6):1023-1040
Welfare-state transformation and entrepreneurial urban politics in Western welfare states since the late 1970s have yielded converging trends in the transformation of the dominant Fordist paradigm of social housing in terms of its societal function and institutional and spatial form. In this article I draw from a comparative case study on two cities in Germany to show that the resulting new paradigm is simultaneously shaped by the idiosyncrasies of the country's national housing regime and local housing policies. While German governments have successively limited the societal function of social housing as a legitimate instrument only for addressing exceptional housing crises, local policies on providing and organizing social housing within this framework display significant variation. However, planning and design principles dominating the spatial forms of social housing have been congruent. They may be interpreted as both an expression of the marginalization of social housing within the restructured welfare housing regime and a tool of its implementation according to the logics of entrepreneurial urban politics. 相似文献
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Elif Ayan Çeven Nur Belkayali 《International journal of urban and regional research》2023,47(2):237-257
Urban experiences are increasing in popularity every day. In these experiences sensory elements are significant, and a review of the urban environment, in which visual perceptions have prevailed in the past, would demonstrate that other senses are important as well. As Le Corbusier remarked, urban experiences can be achieved by walking with a wide perspective. In the present study scent walks were conducted to reveal the significance of the scent factor in urban experience. As a result of these walks, the existing scents in Kastamonu city, the role of the scents in urban memory, and their effects on individuals were determined, thus emphasizing the significance of scents for urban planning and design. 相似文献
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Louise Patterson Seong‐O Bae Jung‐Yeon Lim 《Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources》2013,51(3):364-381
Using surveys of human resource (HR) practitioners in Korean organizations, this paper seeks to determine why, given mass education and recent gender policy legislation, discrimination continues in South Korea by exploring the underutilization of women within Korean firms in respect to their organizational characteristics and HR practices in relationship to the recruitment, organization of work, and fair treatment in the workplace. Findings from HR practitioners identified likely causes for the gender workforce abnormalities, regardless of industry or firm size, as a function of cultural effects, since foreign‐owned firms practice more egalitarian HR practices. These sociocultural norms and HR practices may have a negative economic effect on firms. It will take time for the Korean workplace to treat everyone as equals. 相似文献
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Dikmen Bezmez 《International journal of urban and regional research》2013,37(1):93-114
Since the late 1990s, the ‘urban citizenship’ literature has accentuated the burgeoning potential of the city as host to more democratic interpretations of citizenship. A more recent literature highlighted the ‘local trap’ in such assumptions, arguing that the local cannot exist outside of neoliberalization. This article examines some of the recent institutional transformations in Istanbul's local government and seeks to understand where these might be situated in this discussion. Three institutions dealing with disability are scrutinized with regard to their power dynamics, discourses and practices. The argument is that, although superficially such developments seem to represent some of the tendencies highlighted by the urban citizenship literature (in terms of their scale, timing and appeal to a group previously excluded from modern citizenship), deeper analysis shows that these often promote charity‐ rather than rights‐based approaches. This is because the push factors in the emergence of these institutions are not the urban struggles on the part of the disability community, but rather the ruling party's populism, the impact of supranational agencies and the demands of non‐disabled residents at district level. Each of the three institutions examined is shaped primarily by one factor, leading to differing degrees of charity‐ and rights‐based practices. Arguments concerning the prospects of more democratic interpretations of citizenship at local level need to consider experiences in diverse settings. 相似文献
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城市发展中的文化自觉与文化创新——以"新天地"为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在城市现代化进程中,如何处理好历史文化与城市改造之间的关系是显示城市文明程度和关系到城市文化发展的重要课题.以上海"新天地"区域的改造模式为案例进行文化层面的解读,力图阐明城市发展中文化自觉与文化创新的必要性和实践性,分别从实例分析和理论阐释层面指出,建立在认识自我和借鉴他者基础上的文化自觉精神和文化创新实践是城市文化发展的必由之路. 相似文献
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The present study examined the relationship of managerial values and assumptions with performance management (PM) practices with the aim of understanding the within culture variability in the managerial implementation of PM in the context of a developing country – Turkey. The model of culture fit served as the theoretical basis of this study. Data were gathered from 214 business organizations in Turkey. Participating managers completed a self-administered questionnaire, which assessed managerial values, employee-related managerial assumptions, and PM practices. The proposed model and the hypothesized relationships were examined through structural equation modelling. Results revealed that managerial values and assumptions were significantly related to their PM practices, above and beyond the established organizational PM systems. Managers were more likely to implement practices the way it was congruent with their values and assumptions. 相似文献
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Laura J. Shillington Ann Marie F. Murnaghan 《International journal of urban and regional research》2016,40(5):1017-1035
This article focuses on the material and discursive constructions of nature and children in the city. While dominant representations and idealizations of nature and childhood depend on the binary logic of the nature/culture and rural/urban divide, there is also a simplification and romanticization of nature in children's geographies and a lack of children and their spaces in urban political ecology. We argue that children and nature in cities need to be removed from a binary model of being and attended to in more nuanced ways in urban political ecology and children's geographies. In this regard, we suggest that both nature and children in cities need to be queered. We need to ask how the production of urban spaces (re)creates particular romantic and idealized relations with natures that reify the binaries between nature/culture, and male/female through a heteronormative framework. The purpose of this article is to bring the critical nature–society theories of urban political ecology into conversation with work in children's geographies that explores the ‘nature' of childhood, and in doing so queer the relationship between children and nature. Drawing on research on queer ecologies, and queered childhoods, we aim to provide a framework to rethink and queer both nature and children in cities. 相似文献