家族企业研究现状——进化论视角下的启示

改革开放以来,众多家族企业由小变大,由弱变强,家族企业的成长壮大为我国经济社会的发展作出了重要贡献。然而,随着中国经济发展变革的深入,生产关系中深层次矛盾也在不断凸显。国内外家族企业的发展史在企业进化论理论中如何体现?企业进化论将对家族企业走出发展"陷阱"带来哪些重要启示?将是文章阐述的重点。     

基于企业基因理论的企业成长研究述评

企业的健康成长是社会经济发展的重要因素,结合企业基因理论探讨企业成长状况的研究越来越多。通过对相关文献的梳理,从企业成长的实质、影响因素和作用机制三个方面对现有研究成果进行综述,并在此基础上对未来研究提出了展望。     

企业DNA模型研究

与生物体类似,企业也拥有其基因,企业的遗传基因是决定企业成长的根本因素.将企业基因与DNA模型相类比,研究对企业影响较大的四个因素(组织结构、组织文化、技术能力和信息传递),构建出企业DNA的模型.     

基于企业家战略领导能力的企业创新、整合与成长

企业家战略领导能力、组织学习和战略创新是企业成长中的重要因素。本文以国外有关战略领导能力、组织学习和战略创新的研究理论为基础,在界定概念基础上,分析企业家战略领导能力、组织学习、战略创新与企业成长关系,并初步构建了企业的创新、整合与成长模型,以期对今后研究提供借鉴。     

管理约束对企业成长影响研究——基于哈慈集团兴衰的案例分析

产业组织理论认为从长期看企业成长会面临管理约束,并表现为"彭罗斯效应",即企业首先是一个管理型组织,企业的内在框架决定了企业的成长。以"管理约束"为理论基础,分析哈慈集团从成功走向衰落的原因。最后在总结哈慈失败的基础上,对一般企业在成长过程中如何突破管理约束提出相应的应对策略。     

企业成长理论研究综述

国外对企业成长理论的研究形成了很多流派,主要可以分为资源基础论、生命周期理论、核心能力理论、管理成长理论、组织生态理论、知识基础论、战略管理理论。二国内对于企业成长理论的研究主要是基于上述理论,没有很大的突破。     

企业成长理论研究综述

国外对企业成长理论的研究形成了很多流派,主要可以分为资源基础论、生命周期理论、核心能力理论、管理成长理论、组织生态理论、知识基础论、战略管理理论。二国内对于企业成长理论的研究主要是基于上述理论,没有很大的突破。     

中小企业成长中的组织瓶颈:分析与克服

从组织角度观察,企业成长是一个从不具备组织属性到完全具备并完善的过程。现实中,中小企业成长中遇到的很多问题,都与组织形态不完备有关。本文从企业的组织属性出发,对中小企业成长过程中组织形态变化进行分析,并从结构和协调角度提出中小企业成长中如何克服组织瓶颈。     

组织信任在组织认同与企业发展变量间的中介效应研究

在组织研究中,组织信任是一个重要话题,特别是在中国转型期组织信任缺失的特殊时期。根据学者们的研究,笔者了解到组织认同对企业发展具有一定的促进作用,企业发展反过来又能影响组织认同的形成和提高,而组织信任对这两者的影响还需要进一步研究。因此,本文假设组织信任在组织认同和企业发展之间的中介作用,并运用层次回归分析探讨并验证这一假设,为组织获得内生成长动力寻求一定的理论支持。     

农民合作经济组织成长问题研究

本文结合我国农村经济发展的特点,从组织成长理论的研究视角,分析了我国农民合作经济组织未来的成长方向,对我国农民合作经济组织的成长问题进行了理论剖析,并提出了促进我国农村合作经济组织成长的具体路径.     

Reframing the Debate Between Agency and Stakeholder Theories of the Firm

The conflict between agency and stakeholder theories of the firm has long been entrenched in organizational and management literature. At the core of this debate are two competing views of the firm in which assumptions and process contrast each other so sharply that agency and stakeholder views of the firm are often described as polar opposites. The purpose of this paper is to show how agency theory can be subsumed within a general stakeholder model of the firm. By analytically deconstructing the assumptions of agency theory, it is argued that agency theory: (1) must include a recognition of stakeholders; (2) requires a moral minimum to be upheld, which places four moral principles above the interests of any stakeholders, including shareholders; (3) consists of contradictory assumptions about human nature and which give rise to the equally valid assumptions of trust, honesty and loyalty to be infused into the agency relationship. In this way, stakeholder theory is argued to be the logical conclusion of agency theory. Empirical hypotheses are presented as a means to substantiate this claim.     

When do investors forgive entrepreneurs for lying?

A growing literature suggests that some entrepreneurs lie to investors in order to improve the likelihood of acquiring resources needed for firm survival and growth. We propose a framework outlining the conditions that may enable an investor who has been told a lie by an entrepreneur to respond with forgiveness rather than by withdrawing from the relationship. Integrating the literatures on evolutionary psychology, forgiveness, and stakeholder theory we argue that investor's appraisals of expected relationship value and expected exploitation risk are the key antecedents to an investor's decision to forgive an entrepreneur's lie.     

Gender Diversity in the Boardroom and Firm Performance: What Exactly Constitutes a “Critical Mass?”

The under-representation of women on boards is a heavily discussed topic—not only in Germany. Based on critical mass theory and with the help of a hand-collected panel dataset of 151 listed German firms for the years 2000–2005, we explore whether the link between gender diversity and firm performance follows a U-shape. Controlling for reversed causality, we find evidence for gender diversity to at first negatively affect firm performance and—only after a “critical mass” of about 30 % women has been reached—to be associated with higher firm performance than completely male boards. Given our sample firms, the critical mass of 30 % women translates into an absolute number of about three women on the board and hence supports recent studies on a corresponding “magic number” of women in the boardroom.     

Toward a Social Ontology of the Firm: Reconstitution,Organizing Entity,Institution, Social Emergence and Power

In the past half century, the theory of the firm has become a specific and prolific research field. However, the social ontology of this central institution of capitalism has never truly been the subject of investigation. I consider this negligence harmful for organizational economics and management and, more broadly, for the social sciences, notably because the first and central question raised by the theory of the firm relates to its nature: What is a firm? For this reason, I propose some novel considerations for a social ontology of the firm by focusing on social emergence, reconstitution, the two-level institutional logic of the firm, complex organizational dynamics and interacting mechanisms, and power.     

Reconciling Corporate Citizenship and Competitive Strategy: Insights from Economic Theory

Neoclassical and Austrian/evolutionary economic paradigms have different implications for integrating corporate social responsibility (corporate citizenship) and competitive strategy. Porter’s “Five Forces” model implicitly rests on neoclassical theory of the firm and is not easily reconciled with corporate social responsibility. Resource-based models of competitive strategy do not explicitly embrace a particular economic paradigm, but to the extent their conceptualization rests on neoclassical assumptions such as imperfect factor markets and profits as rents, these models also imply a trade-off between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. Differences in Austrian/evolutionary economic model’s assumptions about equilibrium, profits, and other economic concepts allow this paradigm to embrace alternative views of strategy such as the activities or dynamic capabilities views. These alternative views of strategy focus on learning and adaptation; they align more easily with corporate social responsibility. In practice this alignment comes about because social engagement facilitates the learning and adaptation that are a source of competitive advantage. Among the many business arguments for CSR such as improved employee morale/productivity or brand differentiation, this view prioritizes innovation.     

美国网上证券经纪公司发展路径研究

本文认为,网上证券经纪公司会随着企业生存环境的改变,依据自身的内生竞争实力及外生获得性能力不断地在发展过程中进行业务转型和策略调整,以获取其他企业的优势基因,整合企业自有资源,增强企业抗风险能力,从而适应环境的变化,保持企业的长期生存和持久的竞争实力。文章指出,企业的策略选择具有路径依赖的惯性,不同的网上经纪公司会采取不同的策略切入点,同一个企业在不同的发展阶段也会采取不同的策略,选择不同的路径以求得发展和提高。     

A model to study the organizational culture of the family firm

The results of research of the utilitarian type on the culture of the family firm is reported here. A model is built and defined on the basis of the main arguments supporting the following theories: general systems theory, neoinstitutional theory, transformational leadership theory, field theory, learning theory, and group dynamics theory. The resulting model is an instrument that can be used to deepen our understanding of the organizational culture of this type of firm. It should prove to be a powerful tool to exploit the competitive potential of this culture, which has often been noted in the literature.     

Communication Costs and the Boundaries of the Firm

Much has been written about where the boundaries of the firm are drawn, but little about what occurs at the boundaries themselves. When a firm subcontracts, does it inform its suppliers fully of what it requires, or is it willing to accept what they have available? In practice firms often engage in a dialogue, or conversation, with their suppliers, in which at first they set out their general requirements, and only when the supplier reports back on how these can be met are their more specific requirements set out. This paper models such conversations as a rational response to communication costs. The model is used to examine the impact of new information technology, such as CAD/CAM, on the conduct of subcontracting. It can also be used to examine its impact on the marketing activities of firms. The technique of analysis, which is based on the economic theory of teams, has more general applications too. It can be used to model all the forms of dialogue involved in the processes of coordination both within and between firms.     

Understanding the Continuation of Firm Activities when Entrepreneurs Exit their Firms: Using Theory of Planned Behavior

Up to now, little attention has been paid to the continuity of a firm when entrepreneurs exit. Survey data from 175 entrepreneurs confirm the theory of planned behavior as an appropriate framework to understand whether entrepreneurs, when leaving, sell or liquidate their firm. Entrepreneurs' sale attitudes are related to sale intentions, which are associated with firm sale. Further, sale attitudes are positively related to whether entrepreneurs perceive firm continuation to be out of free will, their experience, the number of employees, and whether the firm is a multigeneration family business.     

新新贸易理论“新”在何处——异质性企业贸易理论剖析

传统贸易理论和新贸易理论都是基于企业同质化的前提假定.分析国际贸易产生的原因及其影响.然而,近年来以Melitz为代表的一些经济学家通过理论与实证研究发现.同一产业内部企业之间在其规模、生产率以及工人的工资上都存在着显著差异.从而提出了异质性企业贸易理论,又称为新新贸易理论,其研究视角从传统的国家和产业层面转向企业和产品层面,以生产率差异作为企业主要特征,从微观层面详细剖析了企业的出口、投资以及国际化生产组织行为,为国际贸易的利益来源提供了新的解释.