Interregional Input–Output Modelling in Indonesia: A Constrained Growth Rate Approach with Endogenous Investment

In interregional input–output (IO) models, investment can be endogenized in many different ways, varying from dynamic Leontief-type solutions to computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. However, large versions of these models are difficult to implement because of the absence of the required data. In this paper, a different, less data-demanding treatment of regional investment is presented for an interregional IO forecasting model in which a simultaneous solution is given for regional GDP by industry, on the one hand, and for regional aggregate investment, on the other hand. In this way, investment plays its role as a disaggregate demand factor by industry and region, as well as being an aggregate supply constraint on regional capital stock at the same time. Some empirical results are presented for a 27-region model in Indonesia, which has been used by the government during the preparations for the new national 5-year plan for 1994–1999.     

The Input Relationship Between Co-Authors in Economics: A Production Function Approach

A bstract .   This study addresses the question of what the relative input relationship is between co-authors in economics. Using the direct addilog production function, the partial elasticities of substitution between co-authors are estimated. The empirical results suggest that co-authors in economics are equivalent substitutes in production. The empirical results are robust whether the direct addilog production is estimated using each co-author's research capital stock, depreciated research capital stock, impact-adjusted research capital stock, or depreciated impact-adjusted research capital stock.     

控制风险、风险溢价与审计收费——来自深市上市公司2007年年报的经验证据

理论上,内部控制质量是审计收费的决定因素之一,但是由于内部控制信息难以获得,因而鲜有这方面的经验证据.而2007年证监会要求上市公司提供内部控制自评报告的规定为评价内部控制质量提供了契机.根据审计价值理论,以2007年深市上市公司为研究样本,考察控制风险(内部控制质量)和诉讼风险对审计收费的影响.研究发现控制风险和审计收费之间的确存在正相关关系,且审计收费中包含了一定程度的风险溢价.     

科学化:高职院校教学管理的终极目标

教学管理是学校管理的重要组成部分,它是为实现一定的教学目标,并根据一定的原则、程序和方法,对拥有的教学资源进行有效计划、组织和调控的过程。随着高等职业教育发展与招生规模的扩大,学校内部组织管理日趋复杂化。因此,必须进一步加强教学管理的改革力度,通过制度创新,建设一支高素质的管理队伍,实现刚性的制度化管理与柔性的人性化管理之间的有机耦合,并且形成良性互动,推进教学管理工作的科学化。     

Combining Opinions for Use in Bayesian Networks: A Measurement Error Approach

Bayesian networks (BNs) are graphical probabilistic models used for reasoning under uncertainty. These models are becoming increasingly popular in a range of fields including engineering, ecology, computational biology, medical diagnosis and forensics. In most of these cases, the BNs are quantified using information from experts or from users' opinions. While this quantification is straightforward for one expert, there is still debate about how to represent opinions from multiple experts in a BN. This paper proposes the use of a measurement error model to achieve this. The proposed model addresses the issues associated with current methods of combining opinions such as the absence of a coherent probability model, the loss of the conditional independence structure of the BN and the provision of only a point estimate for the consensus. The proposed model is applied to a subnetwork (the three final nodes) of a larger BN about wayfinding in airports. It is shown that the approach performs well than do existing methods of combining opinions.     

军队工程建设项目实行资格预审的必要性探析——对设计施工联合体投标

军队工程建设项目在发布招标公告后,需要对感兴趣的预投标单位进行资格预审,以达到审核潜在投标人的能力是否符合招标要求的目的,为选择设计施工紧密结合、设计能力强、施工管理好的联合体单位打下良好基础。     

ISO9001:2000中"过程方法"的理解和实施

文章结合ISO9000:2000系列标准的要求,就“过程”及“过程方法”的概念、过程方法的含义、过程方法的实施要点进行了系统、详尽的阐述。     

柳城县城区防洪排涝老水厂泵站QZ系列潜水轴流泵试机运行时的故障分析、诊断及处理

文章介绍了广西柳城县城区老水厂防洪排涝泵站的机电设备QZ系列潜水轴流泵机组在试运行时出现的故障以及对故障的诊断与维修处理的方法,以供参考.     

柳城县城区防洪排涝老水厂泵站QZ系列潜水轴流泵试机运行时的故障分析、诊断及处理

文章介绍了广西柳城县城区老水厂防洪排涝泵站的机电设备QZ系列潜水轴流泵机组在试运行时出现的故障以及对故障的诊断与维修处理的方法,以供参考。     

Missing in Asynchronicity: A Kalman‐em Approach for Multivariate Realized Covariance Estimation

Motivated by the need for a positive‐semidefinite estimator of multivariate realized covariance matrices, we model noisy and asynchronous ultra‐high‐frequency asset prices in a state‐space framework with missing data. We then estimate the covariance matrix of the latent states through a Kalman smoother and expectation maximization (KEM) algorithm. Iterating between the two EM steps, we obtain a covariance matrix estimate which is robust to both asynchronicity and microstructure noise, and positive‐semidefinite by construction. We show the performance of the KEM estimator using extensive Monte Carlo simulations that mimic the liquidity and market microstructure characteristics of the S&P 500 universe as well as in a high‐dimensional application on US stocks. KEM provides very accurate covariance matrix estimates and significantly outperforms alternative approaches recently introduced in the literature. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Cost System Approach to the Stochastic Directional Technology Distance Function with Undesirable Outputs: The Case of us Banks in 2001–2010

This paper offers a methodology to address the endogeneity of inputs in the directional technology distance function (DTDF)‐based formulation of banking technology which explicitly accommodates the presence of undesirable nonperforming loans—an inherent characteristic of the bank's production due to its exposure to credit risk. Specifically, we model nonperforming loans as an undesirable output in the bank's production process. Since the stochastic DTDF describing banking technology is likely to suffer from the endogeneity of inputs, we propose addressing this problem by considering a system consisting of the DTDF and the first‐order conditions from the bank's cost minimization problem. The first‐order conditions also allow us to identify the ‘cost‐optimal’ directional vector for the banking DTDF, thus eliminating the uncertainty associated with an ad hoc choice of the direction. We apply our cost system approach to the data on large US commercial banks for the 2001–2010 period, which we estimate via Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods subject to theoretical regularity conditions. We document dramatic distortions in banks' efficiency, productivity growth and scale elasticity estimates when the endogeneity of inputs is assumed away and/or the DTDF is fitted in an arbitrary direction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

功能分析法在提高高校素质教育中的应用研究——以舞蹈教育为例

舞蹈教育不仅可以培养学生的身体、心理、情感素质,增强学生的智力,并且可以引导学生追求更高的精神生活,舞蹈教育现已成为高校实施大学生素质教育的重要的内容和途径。文章从舞蹈教育入手,分析了舞蹈教育在高校中对培养学生的审美能力、创新能力,以及对培养学生良好的道德意识和意志品质的作用。     

Asymmetries between Rich and Poor Countries in Financial Crisis Responses: The Need for a Flow-of-Funds Approach

This paper focuses on the manner in which interest rates have been raised to, and sustained at, extremely high levels in developing and emerging market economies as a consequence of recent financial crises. By contrast rich market economies have typically lowered interest rates and injected liquidity in response to incipient financial crises. The paper first sketches the logic that lies behind extremely high interest rates (nominal and real) as an element of crisis resolution. It suggests that this reflects a money-phobic view of financial markets and also conflicts with some well-established economics. It then reviews the conventional wisdom about why richer economies have enjoyed sustained price stability in recent years and why this in turn has allowed their monetary authorities to be relaxed about injecting additional liquidity in response to LTCM (1998) and September 11 (2001)-type crises. It is pointed out that this conventional wisdom is also money-phobic in that it neglects the build up of corporate and government debt in bond and financial derivative form that has been associated with recent financial developments. This analysis helps to contest the common view that emerging market economies pay a higher price merely because their polices are "bad'. Finally, the paper reviews the manner in which the financial systems of developing and emerging market economies respond to the destabilization created by corrosively high real rates of interest. Even when bankruptcy arrangements are well established, certain new forms of financial flows and instruments are implicit in this response, but are invariably ignored in formal modelling.     

Convexity and Sheepskin Effects in the Human Capital Earnings Function: Recent Evidence for Filipino Men

The issue of possible non-linearities in the relationship between log wages and schooling has received a good deal of attention in the literature. This paper uses data from a recent, high quality household survey for the Philippines, the 1998 Annual Poverty Indicator Survey (APIS), to test the fit of the log-linear specification for Filipino men. The results are based on a number of estimation strategies, including spline regressions, and semi-parametric regressions with a large number of dummies for years of schooling and experience. The basic conclusions of the paper are two. First, there appear to be large differences between the rates of return to education across levels in the Philippines. In particular, the returns to both primary and secondary education are lower than those for tertiary education, a difference which persists even after correcting for differences in direct private costs across levels. Second, within a given level, the last year of schooling is disproportionately rewarded in terms of higher wages. That is, there are clear sheepskin effects associated with graduation from primary school, secondary school, and university.     

从欧盟社会融入政策视角看我国农民工的城市融入问题

在全球化进程加剧的背景下,如何实现弱势群体的社会融入,已成为国际社会政策理论与实践研究的重大议题。本文阐释了欧盟国家关于社会排斥的基本概念及原因分析,社会融入的基本概念与理论模式、行动机制以及评估体系等相关研究,在此基础上,解析了我国农民工社会融入的基本条件、实践策略与理论模式,进而提出将农民工问题研究置于当代国际社会融入政策研究的背景下,将研究对象从农民工转变为乡—城移民,研究方法中加强社会融入的定量研究,通过政策行动与社区工作,发展并落实农民工社会融入政策体系。     

我国公路公司财务风险控制研究——以A公路公司为例

经过改革开放30年以来的发展,我国基础设施建设行业得到快速发展,通过投资并运营高速公路的公司应运而生,在筹集公路建设资金和实现公路的快速发展方面做出了突出贡献并取得了显著成就。但由于公路投资额大,回收周期长的特点,建设和运营成本较高,通行费收入增长缓慢,债务包袱沉重,投资与还贷矛盾问题突出。如何有效分析、评估、控制此类公司的财务风险,成为迫切需要解决的重大课题。本文以A公路公司为研究对象,结合A公路公司的经营特点和财务风险的现状,有针对性地开展研究,从理论和实践操作上对公路公司财务风险控制进行系统研究。     

高层住宅工程建设项目施工中安全监理的控制探讨——以长沙某高层住宅项目为例

建筑工程施工安全监理是一项系统工程,施工过程体现了一系列的现场施工作业和管理活动,作业和管理活动的效果直接影响到施工安全。本文以长沙某高层住宅项目为例,首先简要介绍了工程概况,阐述了本工程项目施工安全风险管理的思路,对工程项目的危险源进行了识别与监控,制定了施工安全监理的控制措施,最后提出了工程项目施工安全监理的成效。     

房地产项目开发设计阶段成本控制管理研究——以某房地产公司A项目为例

文章从对房地产开发设计阶段成本控制的重要性出发,在影响该阶段成本控制管理的因素的理论背景下,以某房地产公司A项目在设计阶段管控中出现的问题为例,提出A项目设计阶段优化策略以及房地产开发设计阶段成本控制管理的建议,以提高设计质量和进度水平,从而有效控制设计成本和整个项目的成本,进而完善设计阶段内部控制体系的建立。     

价值工程理论研究最新动向与发展趋势——高校财经类硕士研究生培养的功能定位研究

价值理念的多元性和管理维度的复杂化客观上对价值工程理论和方法的发展提出了严峻挑战。结合目前价值工程学科理论研究的国际最新动向介绍,给出其发展趋势分析,并就我国高校财经类硕士研究生的培养改革,进一步提出功能定位系统分析的动态性观点。