Strategy and structure of service multinationals and their impact on linkages with local firms

Drawing on case studies of two leading UK service firms in five host countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Korea and Malaysia), we examine how the strategy and organization of service multinationals shape the development of linkages with local firms in host economies. We find that there is reduced autonomy of subsidiaries to engage with local firms as a result of relatively centralized strategies of multinationals. Because of global policies ensuring consistency of services or global sourcing policies to reduce costs, service multinationals tend to prefer global suppliers. Backward linkages occur in a few cases when the relationship can be a vehicle for market expansion for the multinational in a particular host market. Local governments play an important role in the cases where backward linkages are developed.     

企业技术创新战略和资本运营战略交互分析

“运筹帷幄之中,决胜千里之外”这句古语突出强调了战略的重要性。对于一个企业来说,企业的战略也是决定企业经营活动好坏与成败的关键性因素。当前我国一些企业之所以在发展中出现重大问题,甚至破产,就是因为在战略选择和处理各种战略关系的过程中出现了失误。     

Corporate Strategy and ethics

Corporate Strategy has emerged as a central metaphor for private-sector enterprise. Given inherent imperfections in markets, one important question to consider is how well the practice of Corporate Strategy contributes to social welfare. An account of the implicit morality of free markets is developed as a standard against which two particular, second best solutions to market imperfections — namely, American federal antitrust policy and Corporate Strategy — are compared. Corporate Strategy is subsequently evaluated in terms of the fundamental principles of Rawls' theory of justice. In both analyses, Corporate Strategy is found to depart significantly and systematically from the standards of social justice. An alternative principle, grounded in the concept of duty, is introduced as a means for reconceptualizing Corporate Strategy.Daniel R. Gilbert, Jr. is a doctoral student in the Strategic Management and Organization program, School of Management, University of Minnesota, and also serves as an Instructor in Strategic Management and a Research Associate in the Strategic Management Research Center.     

Visualising and Rehearsing Strategy

This article describes the use of business modelling and simulation for visualising and rehearsing strategy. A small-scale model of customer growth and competitor retaliation (based on easyJet, the three-year old UK start-up airline) demonstrates the approach and its emphasis on interactive team-led model building. Accompanying the article is a downloadable mini-simulator (available at www.lbs.ac.uk/sysdyn – go to that address and select what is modelling). Readers can use the mini-simulator to replay all the simulations shown in the paper and to experiment with new ones. The article also describes a modelling project at BBC World Service, conducted as an interactive learning process with an experienced management team. This includes examples of maps created by the team as well as a screen shot from the gaming simulator (or microworld).     

网络营销及其策略

网络技术的开发应用大大改变了信息的分析与接受方式,由此也改变了人们的生活、工作、学习和交流。自从Internet进入商业社会以来,企业积极地利用这一新技术变革着经营理念、经营组织、经营方式及方法,网络营销应运而生。随着Internet的不断开通和完善,企业的营销活动获得了新的契机,同时也向传统的营销理念提出了挑战,预示着一个新的营销时代一网络营销即将到来。     

Exhibiting Strategy and Implementation

Database marketing has grown rapidly during the last ten years, spurred on by the changing role of direct marketing, shifting cost structures, developments in information technology and dynamic market conditions. Database marketing and direct marketing have a wide range of applications and are changing the way agencies and media are used. At its most sophisticated, database marketing has the potential to drive marketing policy.     

论企业战略和薪酬战略的关系——“普遍性视角”观

薪酬是人力资源管理的重要内容,薪酬战略能否与企业战略相匹配,关系到能否提升公司的竞争优势。受环境影响中国变量间接决定企业战略的机制,并从“普遍性视角”的观点出发,指出企业战略决定薪酬战略、薪酬战略应支持和匹配企业战略。     

国际化分工与厂商ODM策略

从OEM到ODM代表厂商在垂直价值链活动范围的扩大,也是经营升级和国际竞争力增强的必然。资源理论、厂商合作理论和价值理论为厂商垂直经营范围选择与国际合作提供了相关的理论基础,在国际垂直分工框架下,从OEM向ODM演进。因此大多数中国厂商应该设法实现从OEM到ODM的升级,并强化自身运用ODM的策略能力。     

基于品牌战略的广告策略研究——广告策略在医药保健品、化妆品行业的应用

随着我国经济建设的逐步发展,改革开放的不断深入,我国企业面临的竞争日渐加剧,企业之间的竞争已经不再只局限于产品之间的竞争,越来越多的企业意识到品牌的重要性,品牌已成为一种新的国际语言,越发受到重视。广告策略作为品牌战略的重要环节之一,在设计以及实施的过程中,与品牌战略之间具有密切的联系。因此,建立广告策略与品牌战略结合模型,深入讨论基于品牌战略的广告策略在医药保健品、化妆品行业的应用很有必要。     

企业发展与全景战略

中国面临两个大的背景，第一是国际化的背景，第二是新经济的背景。中国企业如何做大，如何走向世界，都要回到本源。     

Business Strategy and Poverty Alleviation

Currently, entrepreneurs and corporations overwhelmingly do not view the alleviation of global poverty as a strategic priority. Yet business activity can have a negative as well as a positive effect on each distinctive form of poverty. In order to reduce poverty, entrepreneurs have to find ways of limiting the negative aspects. This might be achieved by deliberately augmenting strategies so that they can achieve a synthesis, in partnership with governments and NGO’s. Alan E. Singer is a reader in strategy at the university of Canterbury. He was the 2004/5 Aram chair of Business Ethics at Gonzaga. He is author of Strategy as Rationality (Avebury), Co editor (with Pat Werhane) of Business Ethics in Theory and Practice (Kluwer) and editor of Business Ethics and Strategy (Ashgate, forthcoming). He has written journal articles on many aspects of strategy and decision making and has served on the editorial boards of Journal of Business Ethics (to 2003), Human Systems Management, Journal of International Entrepreneurship, African Journal of Business Ethics and the Journal of Economic Development and Business Policy.     

Dynamic and Responsive Firm Strategy

Abstract

Since the opening of China in 1980, Hong Kong manufacturing industries collaborated with China manufacturing industries to maintain a low-cost labor intensive strategy. The strategy seems to be sufficient in maintaining the global competitive advantage of Hong Kong for the past two decades. However, with the rapid organizational learning of the Chinese partner and the reluctance of the Hong Kong partner to upgrade technology, Hong Kong manufacturing industries are facing the risk of potential loss of competitive advantages. This article attempts to review this dynamic evolution of HK/China collaborations and suggest some future actions for Hong Kong manufacturing industries to maintain their competitiveness. At the same time, the article also provides some ideas for global investors to rethink their future firm strategies in China.     

论国际特许经营的管理与市场营销战略

当前,特许经营日益国际化,国际特许经营业务将会不断扩展。本文重点探讨国际特许经营的模式,它所面临的宏观环境以及战略决策和市场营销战略。     

零售企业的形象战略和情感战略

当前国内零售企业在经营业态、消费形态、所有制结构上都面临新的变化,竞争日趋激烈。针对当前的竞争环境,国内零售企业应积极转变经营思想,从非价格竞争入手,形象战略和情感战略并举,二者兼顾。并在借鉴基础上创造出适合国情和企业自身条件的、富有特色的形象战略和情感战略,方能在竞争中取胜。     

Strategy convergence

In fast-changing industries like communications, having the right strategy is critical to success. Didier Bonnet and George Yip explain why business models and strategic planning must converge into strategic formulation.     

2008北京商业地产超市战略

北京超市的竞争已经完全进入白刃化阶段。一方面,国际和国内知名商家均纷纷涌入,另一方面,京城超市零售商有急切拓展的愿望,却受制于网点资源的稀缺和竞争对手的强大压力。2008年,北京商业地产出现了空前的供应高峰,然而,对于京城超市来说,增加的商业地产项目,能否为其带来更多的门店拓展机遇?京城本土超市与外地或外资超市的发展状况究竟怎样?在服务与商品价格相差无几的情况下,面临着严重同质化的超市零售商将从哪些方面去取胜市场?在北京市场,超市业态未来的发展趋势如何?2008年,他们又会有怎样的拓展计划?本期《安家》杂志将对北京目前商业地产的超市攻势作一全面解析,同时也将为您独家揭露这些超市品牌的拓展计划。     

从“需求营销”到“欲望营销”

当代营销管理理论的实质正由“需求营销”向“欲望营销”转变。“需求营销”是大众营销的产物,“需求营销”理论已渐渐丧失指导营销实践的功能。“欲望营销”以人的欲望这一心理现象入手,了解和掌握消费者所需所欲的心理本意,能促使企业深入了解消费者,更加关注产品的本质利益,并与消费者的欲望相一致。