完善我国一人公司制度的法律思考

我国在新修订的《公司法》中对一人公司以专章形式进行规定,对我国理论和实践的意义非常重大。然而我国一人公司的法律规制还存在缺陷,需要进一步完善。文章从一人公司的基本问题出发,在借鉴外国立法的基础上,对我国一人公司的法律规制问题进行剖析,以期待对我国进一步完善一人公司法律制度有所裨益。     

浅析新公司法的一人公司制度

一人公司作为一种特殊类型的公司,在我国,公司立法长期以来并未对之予以承认。新修改的公司法明确地规定了一人公司制度,这是我国公司法的一个重大突破,但仍存在着一些不足。本文从其理论基础、优缺点、法律规制等方面来简要分析我国的一人公司制度,并提出一些完善的建议。     

一人公司立法目的与实践契合之探讨

从立法承认一人公司两年多以来,以实践中的一些现象和问题为视角,对一人公司制度在立法目的与实践相契合方面进行探讨,提出继续完善一人公司制度的建议。     

我国公司减资制度中股东与债权人利益保护探讨

公司减资是公司在存续期间出现了法定的减资的事由后,以法定程序减少资本总额的行为;本文从减资时如何合理保护股东与债券人的利益,平衡二者之间的冲突出发,分析我国对于这一问题的立法现状,探讨如何完善我国的相关立法。     

试论一人公司及其立法构想

世界上越来越多的国家在立法上承认了一人公司。一人公司可以减少和转移风险，增大投资者的积极性，有利于证券市场作用的发挥。一人公司只有一个股东，存在滥用公司法律人格之可能，因而需要从立法上予以完善，一人公司立法构想。     

一人公司法人人格否认探析

公司法人人格否认的适用实质是对公司股东有限责任的排除.我国新<公司法>虽然确定了公司法人人格否认制度,但未在法律条文中明确其适用的相关问题.笔者通过对一人公司和法人人格否认制度的分析,尝试在立法和司法实践中完善一人公司法人人格否认制度.     

我国公司社会责任

公司承担社会责任是我国新公司法新规定的要求,现代公司追求股东利益最大化的同时,应该承担相应的社会责任,关注公司非股东等利益相关者的利益。本文从从公司社会责任理论基础出发,通过对这一理念的含义、特征进行分析,结合我国的公司社会责任立法现状与不足,提出完善我国公司社会责任制度相关立法对策。     

公司治理结构的法律问题研究

公司治理是公司制度的核心。其完备与合理度将很大程度上影响公司的合理运作。针对我国公司治理结构上存在的问题。通过研究我国公司治理结构的立法现状．对英美、目德等国的治理模式进行比较分析,提出应该从调整股权结构、完善董事会制度和监事会制度等方面进一步完善相关立法。     

浅议我国一人公司规制

我国新<公司法>将一人公司制度纳入现行体制,从而在立法上肯定了一人公司的存在,标志着我国法律制度的一个重大进步.新<公司法>中对一人公司各种规制机制在保证债权人利益的同时,也存在各种制度隐患.确立"揭开公司法人面纱"制度,强调信用机制的设立等对保障一人公司的正常运行具有重要作用.     

各国公司人格否认制度比较与在我国的发展

公司人格否认制度起源于美国,其目的是为了防止公司人格滥用、保护公司债权人和社会公共利益。这一制度在各国的发展变化各不相同,各有特点。在我国,公司人格滥用的情况还普遍存在,因此,在我国立法及实务上建立和完善公司人格否认制度是很有必要的,而借鉴其他国家的做法和经验是一条有效的途径。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.