大中型热电联产机组、背压机组匹配抽凝机组

简述与计算我国热电联产大中型机组、常用背压机组如何匹配抽凝机组选型方案,使其发电(供电)标准煤耗率达到2007年全国6 MW及以上火电机组的平均值,在全厂热效率达到节能界定指标时的抽汽量及热电比,为新建热电厂机组选型和老厂改造以及讨论<不同类型城市和地区热电联产装机选型方案>时参考.     

大中型热电联产机组、背压机组匹配抽凝机组选型方案的建议

简述与计算我国热电联产大中型机组、常用背压机组如何匹配抽凝机组选型方案,使其发电（供电）标准煤耗率达到2007年全国6MW及以上火电机组的平均值,在全厂热效率达到节能界定指标时的抽汽量及热电比,为新建热电厂机组选型和老厂改造以及讨论《不同类型城市和地区热电联产装机选型方案》时参考。     

创先争优要树立三种意识

<正>广西柳州发电有限责任公司是一个拥有2×220MW机组的火力发电企业。随着国家节能减排力度的加大,再掀小火电机组关停风暴的到来,公司只有转型热电联产,走循环经济之路,早日实现对外供热,才有希望摆脱被动关     

热电联产：困境待解

我国热电联产企业发展现状 近年来，我国热电联产产业发展迅速，到2006年底单机6000千瓦及以上供热机组共2606台，总容量达8048．69万千瓦，占同容量火电装机容量的18％，为全国发电机组总容量的14．6％。据专家估算到2007年底全国供热机组总容量近1亿千瓦，位居世界前列。全国热电联产的年供热量达227565万吉焦，占全国总供热蒸汽量的81．2％。     

小型热电联产机组亟待加强管理

按照1999年国务院44号文件,目前,山西省具备小型热电联产条件的电厂共30个,71台机组,容量130万千瓦,占全省总装机容量的9%左右。按资本构成及隶属关系分:地方独立发电厂12个(35万千瓦),原省电力公司电厂4个(45万千瓦),省电力公司职工集资电厂5个(20万千瓦),企业自备电厂9个(30万千瓦)。其中:机组容量2.5万千瓦及以下机组57台,2.5～5万千瓦机组14台;认定供热方式有凝汽改抽汽式、抽汽式、凝汽改低真空循环水式、背压式等。一、小型热电联产存在的问题1、改造进度慢。国家对小型热电联产机组改造认定政策比较明确,但省级缺少相应的配套政策,在…     

机组改造后锅炉再热器出口蒸汽超温的应对策略

为满足生产经营需求，对两台600 MW的超临界燃煤直流锅炉机组进行抽汽供热改造，但锅炉再热器出现出口蒸汽超温的问题，增加减温水的使用量、降低再热器侧烟气挡板可调节的余度，机组安全稳定运行的隐患增大。利用不锈钢板包裹低温换热器受热面管子的方式对其进行改造，在负荷相近的情况下可以有效降低减温水的使用量、提升再热器侧烟气挡板可调节的余度、有效控制锅炉再热器出口蒸汽超温现象，大大提升机组的供热抽汽能力。     

计及供热业务后电力行业CO2相关指标的变化

热电联产是国家倡导的节能减排措施之一,截至2009年底,全国热电联产机组已达9059万千瓦,占全国全口径装机容量的10.4%。按照1998年《关于发展热电联产的若干规定》,热电厂的规划运行必须遵循＂以热定电＂原则，因此供热业务与发电业务高度关联。     

计及供热业务后电力行业C02相关指标的变化

热电联产是国家倡导的节能减排措施之一,截至2009年底,全国热电联产机组已达9059万千瓦,占全国全口径装机容量的10.4%.按照1998年<关于发展热电联产的若干规定>,热电厂的规划运行必须遵循"以热定电"原则,因此供热业务与发电业务高度关联.     

凝汽式汽轮机的供热改造

为充分发挥电厂发电设备的效率，将凝汽式汽轮机改造成非调整抽汽式供热汽轮机。在不影响电功率的前提下，还可向用汽单位供热，达到热电联产的要求、周期短、投资少，经济效益可观。     

汽轮发电机组节能降耗分析

分析了汽轮发电机组实际运行中参数和系统与设计值的偏差对该机组热经济性的影响，并粗略估算了这些偏差对我站50MW抽汽凝汽式发电机组热经济性的影响。提出在不需要增加设备投资的情况下，控制操作参数、加强系统管理即可提高机组经济性的观点。     

Divergent patterns of engagement in Internet standardization: Japan,Korea and China

This article analyzes the engagement of Japanese, Korean and Chinese participants in the development of Internet standards at IETF on the basis of four quantitative metrics: attendance, patenting, authorship and leadership. The results are strikingly divergent. Japanese involvement in Internet standardization began early and Japan was, for many years, second only to the U.S. in terms of IETF participation. Though Japanese participation has declined since the early 2000s, Japan remains a major contributor to IETF standardization. Korean involvement in IETF has always been significant, but below the levels of Japan and major European countries. Korean participation in IETF has also declined over the past decade, and has been dominated by one firm, Samsung. Though meaningful Chinese involvement in IETF did not begin until the mid-2000s, it has rapidly expanded in recent years. Today, China is a major player in numerous areas of Internet standardization in terms of three metrics (participation, patenting and leadership), and is rapidly gaining in terms of document authorship as well. Most of China׳s recent IETF involvement can be attributed to Huawei, though other Chinese firms have recently begun to increase their participation in the organization. Thus, contrary to some views that China׳s engagement with standardization is primarily one of indigenous innovation and “catching up”, China׳s experience with IETF demonstrates deliberate and effective engagement with a major Western standards-development organization on its own terms.     

Whose Image is it Anyway?: Some Considerations of the Curricular Importance of Subject Image in Secondary School Design and Technology Education

This paper explores the idea that a sense of school subject image is a necessary feature of curriculum management and a potent force for change. The discussion centres on the view that all school subjects have an image and that if those intimately involved with the subject do not control the image then someone else does! In such circumstances the image is the product of past encounters and old euphemisms and is unlikely to hold the changed realities.The UK developments in Design and Technology education (the term Design and Technology is used to denote the school subject defined under this heading by the UK National Curriculum, 1995) have created something of an image problem which has interesting international parallels. Some of these problems are due to clearly discernible internal tensions and an ambiguous relationship with other subject areas.Through greater attention to subject image internal controversies might be acknowledged and resolved, relationships with other subject areas can be more meaningfully understood and practitioners can be helped to make sense of curriculum change.     

快速成形技术的应用及热点分析

基于快速成形技术的原理,展示了快速成形技术在快速模具制造、金属零件直接成形、反求工程等领域的广泛应用,总结了快速成形制造技术研究的热点,即研发新材料和新设备、提高成形精度、建立RPM的反求工程系统、建立成形技术的统一标准和扩大成形技术的应用领域。     

增强Linux系统安全性的措施

L inux系统的安全取决于系统管理员如何来管理它。本文探讨了一系列可以增强安全性的技巧与策略 ,包括 :系统安装原则、BIOS安全、口令安全策略、设计帐户自动注销功能、文件系统和日志安全策略、使用 SSH及 TCP-WRAPPERS,隐藏系统信息、删除所有特殊帐户、关闭控制台程序、限制系统中的 SUID/ SGID程序等。本文最后向 L inux系统管理员提出了一些安全管理方面的建议     

HSE走进中国石油

企业管理水平的好坏直接影响着企业的经济效益,运用HSE管理能提高企业管理水平,HSE管理模式将健康,安全,环境三者视为一个有机的整体。HSE管理认为人的安全是第一位的,人是创造财富的原动力,是企业的最大财产,HSE管理体系强调的是“蝴蝶效应”。     

CIS与现代企业管理美学

概括性介绍了 ＣＩＳ（Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｔｙ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）的三大基本组成，并阐述了它与现代企业管理密不可分的相互联系及所处的举足轻重的地位，指出导入ＣＩＳ是现代企业谋求发展的重要手段。     

Material power and normative conflict in global and local agrifood governance: The lessons of ‘Golden Rice’ in India

This special section aims to investigate the interaction of global and local forces in shaping agrifood governance. It starts from the recognition that a multitude of actors and norms shape today’s agrifood system. The resulting opaqueness of the systems makes it extremely difficult to understand and explain processes and outcomes of agrifood governance. Given the sustainability challenges facing the agrifood system, improvements in our understanding of what the interaction of global and local actors and norms means on the ground are urgently needed, however. The section, therefore, analyses agrifood governance in India across a selected group of cases. It does so by employing a systematic framework emphasizing the material and ideational dimensions of power and their interaction. The section has chosen India as the setting in which to analyze this interaction due to the crucial role the food demand and supply of this rising power plays in today’s agrifood system. This article provides the special sections’ analytical framework, which uses the interplay of material and ideational dimensions of power as a focal lens. In addition, the article applies this framework to an empirical study of the political conflict around GMO foods in India, specifically the case of ‘Golden Rice’.     

蒸汽热量计量应用的探析

研究了石油化工企业的燕汽计量情况,着重对蒸汽热量计量的合理性进行了分析,阐述了蒸汽热量计量的依据及计算方法,以及蒸气热量计量对节能降耗的重要意义.     

论传统旗袍文化与现代时装

中国的旗袍文化蕴含着非常丰富的文化内涵和设计思想,如今旗袍的普及受到一定的限制,只有经过改良,才可变局限性为可行性,才可使旗袍焕发青春,走向新时代。     

望峰岗矿井贯通测量技术分析

在深部开采矿井两井间贯通测量时,利用加测陀螺定向边和用四架法代替传统的三架法测量,分析了由起始边的方位角误差引起的支导线终点误差及由测角量边引起的导线终点的点位误差.