共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
James D. G. Wood 《New Political Economy》2013,18(6):833-850
ABSTRACTThe integration of small states into the international financial system has constrained their ability to enact the traditional macroeconomic tools of fiscal and monetary policy. As systems of mortgage credit are tightly integrated into global capital markets and influence flows of capital between states, this paper uses Denmark as a case study to explore whether domestic mortgage sector reforms have been used to build financial capacity to compensate for the loss of economic policy autonomy. The results of this analysis suggest that the Danish government has actively used mortgage credit to meet three specific macroeconomic objectives since the 1980s: (1) mortgage credit was restricted in the 1980s to resolve Denmark's persistent balance of payments problem; (2) liberalisations of mortgage credit in the 1990s and 2000s allowed the Danish government to stimulate the economy via privatised/house-price Keynesianism and reduce their sovereign debt burden; and (3) mortgage credit has been used as a form of privatised monetary policy, allowing Denmark to break-free from the ‘iron-cage’ of the Mundell-Fleming trilemma. It is in these specific ways that the Danish government has used mortgage reforms to achieve macroeconomic policy autonomy and navigate economic challenges whilst adhering to the constraints of the international financial system. 相似文献
2.
The number of holidays differs significantly across Indian states. Moreover, some of the governing political parties have been accused of using holidays as a tool either to mollify disgruntled workers or to woo voters before the state elections. In this context, this paper explores the relationship between the number of holidays and economic growth across 24 Indian states, spanning the period 2008–2016, by employing a panel model analysis. The paper presents evidence suggesting that holidays seem to affect growth negatively in the rich states but are inconsequential for the growth performance of the poor states. 相似文献
3.
欧盟是当今一体化程度最高的区域组织,但伴随着成员国数量的不断增加、区域范围的不断扩张,减小区域内经济差距成为欧盟一体化的重要任务。选取欧盟为研究对象,基于欧盟统计局(Eurostat)的面板数据,运用σ检验与β检验方法测度1993年以来欧盟成员国经济增长的趋同效应。结果表明,1994—2007年σ趋同和1998—2007年的β趋同效应明显,其中β检验表明EU-27国的人均产出以每年1.27%的速度趋同,但欧洲非欧盟国家与欧盟国家不存在趋同,此外成员国之间制度、科技、贸易与投资等全方位的一体化是促进经济增长趋同的主要原因。 相似文献
4.
Dalibor Roháč 《Constitutional Political Economy》2008,19(2):111-128
This paper analyses the role of the unanimity rule—known as liberum veto—in medieval Poland. We argue that the primary effect of the liberum veto was that it secured religious freedom and established domestic peace in an otherwise deeply divided and fractionalised country.
What is more, this institution succeeded in doing so during an era which was characterised by violent religious conflicts
and rise of absolutist monarchies throughout the European continent. Even after 1652, when the liberum veto seemed to have practically paralysed the decision-making of Polish-Lithuanian parliament, there were still reasons—related
to religious issues—why its use could have been preferable to less inclusive voting rules. It can be argued, however, that
the use of unanimity was not warranted in questions related to defence, especially in situations of national emergency, although
it is questionable to which extent the sole presence of the liberum veto was susceptible to bring about the demise of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic.
相似文献
Dalibor RoháčEmail: |
5.
中国区域经济增长差异及影响因素分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着中国经济的高速增长,区域经济差异日益突出。此项研究通过对地区经济差异的统计描述,并运用经济计量模型,在传统的资本要素和劳动力要素的基础上,增加了技术要素和制度要素两个变量来考察区域经济增长的差异,得出了结论和启示。 相似文献
6.
This paper explores the convergence hypothesis of Mexican states with the national level and with one another from 1940 to 2015. Interpreting convergence as catching-up, we also capture other types of regular evolution, namely, invariance of the income gap over time, permanent absence of the gap, and steadily increasing gap (deterministic divergence). As a tool of econometric analysis, we use a novel model that describes convergence by asymptotically decaying trends and covers other types of evolution as particular cases. The results obtained suggest one or other type of regularity to be peculiar to roughly ca. 40% of income gaps both with the national level and between states. However, convergence is observed only in 6% to 15% of cases. Regarding convergence at the national level, an additional analysis by three 50-year subperiod shows that in many cases the type of evolution changes for the same state from one subperiod to another. Analyzing convergence between states, we find that convergence between neighboring states is more frequent than between other states; however, the effect of the neighborhood is not too strong. 相似文献
7.
海南省经济增长因素的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文从产业与区域方面分析了海南省经济发展的状况,并应用计量经济模型,根据海南省经济发展的历史数据,对促进经济增长的因素进行了实证的研究,得出了一些结论并提出了相关的政策建议。 相似文献
8.
Dalibor Roháč 《Constitutional Political Economy》2009,20(2):160-176
In this paper, we seek to identify causes of the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. We note that great salience
was attached to issues of self-governance and autonomy of the numerous ethnic groups living within the Empire. From a public
choice perspective, the Empire was an over-centralised state and there were clear gains from federalising it. However, such
federalisation was not feasible because of the collective action problem arising in bargaining with the central government.
Furthermore, the move towards the war economy and the empowerment of the executive state provided the last drop leading to
the exit of ethnic minorities from the monarchy and to the ultimate demise of the Empire.
相似文献
Dalibor RoháčEmail: |
9.
Robert M. Feinberg 《Applied economics》2013,45(7):769-779
This article examines the impact of the important, yet little studied, state-level antitrust enforcement activity on entry and relocation behaviour by small US firms. Feinberg and Husted (2011) have shown that this enforcement, especially nonhorizontal cases, may be viewed by potential entrants as a negative aspect of the state business climate. However, they did not pursue a more disaggregate analysis of small firm entry behaviour; nor did they investigate different responses between manufacturing, wholesaling and retailing firms. Another related issue is the extent to which state cases filed in tandem with federal investigations have the same impact on establishment entry as do purely ‘independent’ cases. These considerations are dealt with in this article. The author uses annual state-level data from the Statistics of US Business to examine entry and relocation reactions to state antitrust enforcement by firms within three small-business categories: 1–19 employees; 20–99 employees; 100–499 employees. Generally speaking, the smallest retail and wholesale firms seem to favour vigorous antitrust activity, especially enforcement targeted against cartel behaviour by suppliers. The largest small-firm retailers and wholesalers (those with 100–499 employees) seem somewhat threatened by such activity, especially the more controversial nonhorizontal enforcement. However, it must be acknowledged that the effects on entry or relocation of small firms – both positive and negative – are quite small. 相似文献
10.
We propose an empirical strategy to adjudicate between competing explanations of political–economic development in the American South. This strategy evaluates the dynamic relationship between partisan control of representative institutions and economic performance, both before and after major partisan realignment forces and economic conditions had structurally transformed the American South. The political–economic development of low‐capacity Southern states since the early 1980s reflects a “virtuous cycle” of rising income growth and partisan balance of state legislatures mutually reinforcing one another. These findings reconcile conflicting claims regarding the catalytic nature of political–economic development coevolution in the American South and have broader implications for the study of comparative political–economic development. 相似文献
11.
建国以来,北京经济的发展发生了巨大的变化。对于经济增长的因素,主要表现在劳动力数量增加的变化和技术退步等方面。经济发展由资本和劳动力数量的增大等外延的发展形态转换为内涵的发展状态,即劳动力素质的改善、技术的追步以及资本集约度的上升等作为积极因素促进经济的增长。 相似文献
12.
LIU Shu-ru YAO Hai-yan 《中国经济评论(英文版)》2007,6(5):17-23
Economic structure is a significant factor impacting economic growth and economic growth quality. In this paper, the present status of economic structure of Shaanxi Province is analyzed, and available primal problem is indicated. There have been a lot of problems in economic structure of Shaanxi Province, mainly including slow tertiary industry development, comparatively grave unbalance of light and heavy industries proportion, lagged development in high and new technology industries, high industry convergence degree, low scale effect, slow agriculture expanding and so on. Meanwhile, homologous countermeasure is given in this text: we should develop tertiary industry with tourism as the leading role energetically to promote industrial hierarchy, impulse structural rationalization of foreign trade through international cooperation and competition, accelerate the industrialization, promote industrial structure upgrade, develop the high and new technology industries quickly, accelerate the promotion of industry scale effect and expedite expansion of industry colony. We should also develop superior industry, reduce industry convergence degree, and develop the agriculture energetically to promote the industrialization and modernization of agriculture. These points are given in the interest of supplying gist and reference to government in industrial structure adjusting and policy making. 相似文献
13.
14.
The international community has grave concerns over the capacity of so-called ‘fragile states’ to effectively deliver basic services to their people due to their weak policy and institutional environments. This article examines the drivers of state fragility. The World Bank and OECD definitions of fragility are adopted using the World Bank’s Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) scores. Analysis is conducted on both binary measures of fragility and the actual CPIA scores using an array of estimation techniques. Findings indicate that democracy, income levels, economic growth, levels of education, country size and natural resource rents are important determinants of fragility. Unlike other studies, findings also suggest that being a Small Island Development State is a primary driver of fragility. 相似文献
15.
Jeffrey D. Sachs 《China Economic Journal》2019,12(2):100-108
ABSTRACTAmerican policy towards China is now up for grabs, with hardliners and soft-liners battling for the upper hand. The hardliners view China as an existential threat to American security and interests. The soft-liners regard China as a powerful counterpart, on occasion friend, competitor, or adversary, but not an existential threat. In my view, the hardline approach – to be pursued through protectionist trade policies and aggressive technology policies — would prove disastrous, weakening the world economy and creating a self-fulfilling grave risk of future conflict. 相似文献
16.
略论我国自然灾害对宏观经济增长的影响——基于内生经济增长理论视角 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自然灾害具有偶发性,就我国全国范围看,自然灾害又是必然发生事件。把自然灾害损失内生化以度量其对宏观经济增长的影响。实证分析表明,自然灾害直接损失对当年经济增长起到负面影响,灾后2~3年的时间里对经济有拉动作用;而在灾后4~5年内表现出对经济的负面作用。总的来说,相对于投资和劳动投入自然灾害直接经济损失对GDP增长的影响比较小,长期影响表现出负弹性。自然灾害损失主要通过损失社会财富和拉动内需影响宏观经济增长,灾害当期主要是社会财富损失的负面影响,灾后2~3年则体现内需拉动的正面影响;从长期看,社会财富损失的负面影响要高于内需拉动的正面影响。 相似文献
17.
国际资本流动、增长因素结构变迁与经济增长 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
窦祥胜 《经济理论与经济管理》2002,32(2):16-21
在开放经济条件下,国际资本流动对资本、技术、人力资本和制度等经济增长因素的结构变迁有重要的影响,进而对经济增长有重要作用。 相似文献
18.
States and Markets: The Advantage of an Early Start 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
In this paper, an index of the depth of experience with state-level institutions, or state antiquity, is derived for a large set of countries. We show that state antiquity is significantly correlated with measures of political stability and institutional quality, with income per capita, and with the rate of economic growth between 1960 and 1995. State antiquity contributes significantly to the explanation of differences in growth rates, explaining half of the differences in growth rates between countries like China and Mauritania, which are located at the two ends of the spectrum. It is also a good instrument for social infrastructure, which explains cross-country differences in worker productivity. 相似文献
19.
霍影 《生态经济(学术版)》2010,(3)
为分析1949年~2009年间中国经济体制改革及改革开放30年来中国经济增长态势及其路径演进,明确当下中国经济所处增长区间以及下一阶段经济增长的可持续性问题,文章构建了改革演进的理论框架,将新中国成立的经济增长路径分为4个阶段。以新古典经济增长模型为基础,通过放宽限制条件,构建计量经济模型拟合中国经济的增长路径。以整体推进阶段的实证数据检验模型的正确性,并得出结论:中国的经济增长尚处于经济起飞阶段;下一阶段的经济仍将维持在高位增长,具有可持续性。 相似文献
20.
中国经济体制改革及经济增长路径分析(1949~2009)(下):计量经济学层面 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
霍影 《生态经济(学术版)》2010,(4)
为分析1949~2009年间中国经济体制改革及改革开放以来中国经济增长的态势及其路径演进,明确当下中国经济处于何种增长区间,以及下一阶段经济增长的可持续性问题,构建了改革演进的理论框架,将新中国成立以来的经济增长路径分为4个阶段。以新古典经济增长模型为基础,通过放宽限制条件,构建计量经济模型拟合中国经济的增长路径。以整体推进阶段的实证数据检验模型的正确性并得出结论:中国的经济增长尚处于经济起飞阶段;下一阶段仍将维持经济的高位增长,具有可持续性。 相似文献