共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
David Collie 《International economic journal》2013,27(1):141-154
Conditions for the occurrence of immiserizing growth and the Metzler paradox are analysed in the Ricardian model when consumers in the foreign country have Leontief preferences while consumers in the home country have Cobb-Douglas preferences. By using specific functional forms, the conditions for the occurrence of the two paradoxes are defined in terms of the exogenous parameters of the model rather than endogenous variables such as the foreign import demand elasticity in the conditions of Bhagwati (1958) and Metzler (1949a, b). It is shown that the simultaneous occurrence of both paradoxical results is possible for some parameter values. 相似文献
2.
Chung-Ki Min 《Applied economics》2013,45(14):1825-1832
This study develops SE estimators for heteroscedastic and cross-sectionally correlated data. The new estimators are a cross-sectional version of the White and Domowitz (1984) and Newey and West (1987) estimators, and therefore, consistent in the presence of heteroscedasticity and cross correlation of unknown form. Unlike the estimators in the literature, these estimators can control for cross correlation even for single-period cross-sectional data. 相似文献
3.
Wilfried Parys 《European Journal of the History of Economic Thought》2018,25(5):1052-1080
AbstractMarx’s Das Kapital (1867) singled out labour as the common substance of value in all commodities. Costanza (1980) in Science chose energy and propagated energy values (a century after Engels criticised Podolinsky on energy). Mainstream economists quickly questioned Marx’s logic. Pareto advocated simultaneous equations, unaware of their use by Mühlpfordt and Dmitriev. Contributions by Charasoff and Potron were also overlooked. Already in 1927, Leontief and Sraffa knew how to replace labour values by other commodity values. Generalising Sraffa’s subsystems and using “percentage formulas” for price-value deviations, I discuss some empirical results for labour or energy theories of value. 相似文献
4.
Jonathan S. Seaton 《Applied economics》2013,45(27):3463-3476
The collective rationality hypothesis initiated by Chiappori (1988a) and applied by Seaton (1997, 2001) for a two-person household is used to distinguish the organizational behaviour of firms. Firms produce satisfaction to groups as traditional managerial and early behavioural theories of the firm of Williamson, Baumol and Marris suggest, as well as more modern principle agent models. Under certain conditions, intra-firm bargaining leads to a Pareto optimal outcome. What makes this work an important contribution is that it identifies a set of nonvacuous testable restrictions to empirically detect if firm-level data satisfy Pareto optimal behaviour for the main decision makers in the organization. 相似文献
5.
P. S. Sephton 《Applied economics》2013,45(27):3439-3453
Lopez et al. (2005) demonstrated that single-equation unit-root tests cannot provide conclusive evidence of whether real exchange rates are stationary because inference depends critically on the lag-lengths used to construct the test statistics, a result reinforced by a recent work by Sweeney (2006). The purpose of this article is to revisit the issue, first demonstrating the necessary conditions under which this approach of testing for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is appropriate. 相似文献
6.
Biswajit Mohanty 《International economic journal》2013,27(2):311-332
AbstractExchange rate stability is crucial for inflation management as a stable rate is expected to reduce domestic inflation pressures through a ‘policy discipline effect’ – restricting money supply growth, and a ‘credibility effect’ – inducing higher money demand and reduced velocity of money. Alternatively, the ‘impossibility trillema’ of Mundell (1961a, 1961b) predicts that in the presence of an open capital account, a stable exchange rate may lead to lack of control on monetary policy and, hence, higher inflation. Using a monetary model of Inflation, this paper investigates the impact of the ‘empirically-claimed’ de facto stable exchange rate regime on inflation in India during different sub-periods of exchange rate stability. The results show that the impact of exchange rate regime on inflation is not visible in the Indian case, which could be because of the offsetting sterilization policy undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) during expansionary money supply growth resulting from its large-scale intervention to even out exchange rate volatility. 相似文献
7.
Tarlok Singh 《Applied economics》2013,45(12):1615-1627
This study examines the relationship between financial development and economic growth in India for the period 1951–52 to 1995–96. The long-run equilibrium and short-run dynamic models are estimated using financial interrelations ratio and new issue ratio as the measures of financial development, a la Goldsmith (1969). The Johansen (1991) estimator rejects the null of zero cointegrating vector and shows the presence of long-run equilibrium relationship between financial development and economic growth. The error correction model, impulse response and variance decomposition analyses (Sims, 1980), and the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) estimator show the presence of bidirectional Granger-causality between financial development and economic growth. The presence of bidirectional Granger-causality suggested by these estimators points towards the possible problem of endogeneity and simultaneity bias in the growth models that examine the contemporaneous effect of financial development on economic growth. The economic reforms that started since July 1991 emphasized on the liberalization and development of financial sector to supplement the efforts aimed at achieving high economic growth in India. 相似文献
8.
《Applied economics》2012,44(24):3065-3088
This article estimates a simple univariate model of expectation or opinion formation in continuous time adapting a ‘canonical’ stochastic model of collective opinion dynamics (Weidlich and Haag, 1983; Lux, 1995, 2009a). This framework is applied to a selected data set on survey-based expectations from the rich EU business and consumer survey database for 12 European countries. The model parameters are estimated through Maximum Likelihood (ML) and numerical solution of the transient probability density functions for the resulting stochastic process. The model's success is assessed with respect to its out-of-sample forecasting performance relative to univariate Time Series (TS) models of the Autoregressive Moving Average model, ARMA(p,?q) and Autoregressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average, ARFIMA(p,?d,?q) varieties. These tests speak for a slight superiority of the canonical opinion dynamics model over the alternatives in the majority of cases. 相似文献
9.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(13):1237-1239
This article shows that nonlinearity can provide an explanation for the forward exchange rate anomaly (Fama, 1984). Using sterling-Canadian dollar data and modelling nonlinearity of unspecified form by means of a random field, we find strong evidence of time-wise nonlinearity and, significantly, obtain parameter estimates that conform with theory to a high degree of precision. 相似文献
10.
The Solow (1956) growth model is extended with an endogenous growth framework to estimate the effects of trade openness on the Steady State Growth Rate (SSGR). Estimates of the augmented production functions are used to compute the SSGRs for Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, India and Thailand. Good policies that increase the growth effects of openness is also tested with an interactive term. Our results show that Singapore has the highest SSGR of 2.75%, followed by Hong Kong and Thailand with 2.5%. India and Malaysia have lower SSGRs of 1.7% and 0.5%, respectively. 相似文献
11.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(12):1201-1204
This article takes as its point of departure the herding model of Bikhchandani et al. (1992). We extend earlier experimental evidence to distinguish between informational herding, as in the model, and ownership herding, an alternative explanation for observed behaviour. 相似文献
12.
Hsiao-Tang Hsu 《Applied economics》2013,45(21):2775-2783
This article explores the hybrid character (i.e. the resemblance of both stock and bond) of Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) through the implied pricing kernel behind REITs prices. We use the Empirical Pricing kernel method (Rosenberg and Engle, 2002) to explore their Payoff probability density and extract the implied pricing kernel. To estimate payoff probability density, we use asymmetric GARCH model. Results indicate that implied pricing kernels flatten in all ranges of low rate of returns and decrease exponentially in ranges of high rate of returns. This means the REIT pricing kernel resembles a bond when rate of return is low, and a stock when it is high. The pattern is consistent between 1970 and 2000. 相似文献
13.
Ulrich Fritsche Jan-Christoph Rülke Georg Stadtmann 《International economic journal》2013,27(2):333-343
Based on the approach advanced by Elliott, Komunjer, and Timmermann (2005), we analyzed whether the loss function of a sample of exchange-rate forecasters is asymmetric in the forecast error. Using forecasts of the dollar/euro exchange rate, we found that the shape of the loss function varies across forecasters. Some forecasters appear to make forecasts under an asymmetric loss function, while a symmetric loss function seems to describe well the loss function of other forecasters. Accounting for an asymmetric loss function does not necessarily make forecasts ‘look’ rational. 相似文献
14.
Meixing Dai 《International economic journal》2013,27(4):567-585
This article investigates the dynamic implications of Krugman's (1999) model of financial crises with balance-sheet effects, which has a considerable impact on the literature of international financial crisis. Considering explicitly the wealth-accumulation constraint and the external equilibrium condition, I describe an emerging-market financial crisis as a jump from an unstable dynamic trajectory to a stable one, instead of a jump from a ‘good’ to a ‘bad’ equilibrium with zero investment and zero foreign debt. By discriminating the financial crises according to the severity of the negative impacts of some internal and external factors, this article also adds some insights into the anti-crisis policy. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this article is to analyze the effect of the income distribution between labor and capital on the growth performance of Thailand from a post Keynesian view. It rests on the theoretical model of Bhaduri and Marglin (1990) to see if an increase in the labor income share has a sufficient positive effect on consumption to offset a negative effect on investment and export demand. In order to investigate the question empirically we adopt and develop the approach of Stockhammer, Onaran, and Ederer (2009). Several measures of the labor income share are calculated to take into account the fact that wage labor represents only half of the total labor force and check the robustness of our results. We also introduce a new treatment of external trade to better integrate the price competitiveness of Thailand. The econometric investigation shows that the growth regime is profit-led over the period 1970–2011, which shows that rebalancing the Thai economy will be difficult and requires an overall change of strategy going beyond a simple prolabor policy. 相似文献
16.
《Applied economics letters》2012,19(11):1073-1077
This study finds that Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) holds in the long-run for Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, based on Breitung's (2001) rank tests for cointegration. Results from further analysis indicates that nominal exchange rates and relative prices are nonlinearly interrelated. Trade barriers, transportation costs and government intervention in the pricing system in these countries may have resulted in the establishment of the above-mentioned nonlinear relationship. 相似文献
17.
《China Economic Journal》2013,6(2):203-212
We calculate a variety of welfare gains for Mainland China, following the approach of Romer (1994), who emphasized that proper modelling of the impact of trade restrictions on the number of available product varieties is crucial for quantifying the welfare impact of trade liberalization. The empirical work presented relies on direct measures of product variety calculated from highly disaggregated trade data. The emerging conclusion is that freer trade has indeed boosted welfare. 相似文献
18.
Michael Assous 《European Journal of the History of Economic Thought》2013,20(2):305-322
AbstractIn 1933, Irving Fisher proposed an explanation for the Great Depression based on the distinction between the price level and price change effect of deflation in a context of over-indebtedness. This paper compares the debt-deflation theory of Fisher (1933) with the dynamic depression process he had expounded almost 20 years earlier in the Purchasing Power of Money (1911). The role played by both price level and price change effects in the analyses of Fisher (1933, 1911) are clarified in the context of the disequilibrium model of Tobin (1975). More precisely, we show that the stationary equilibrium is assumed to be locally unstable according to Fisher's 1911 insights and globally unstable according to his 1933 analysis. 相似文献
19.
Rod O'Donnell 《Journal of post Keynesian economics》2016,39(2):145-171
This second part of my reply to Davidson (2015) discusses mathematical and statistical matters using a simple model of ergodicity whose properties do not match many of those asserted by ENE. It responds to Davidson's counterarguments against pre-infinity indeterminacy, examines the works of Billingsley, Uffink, and Malinvaud as cited by Davidson, and then turns to important methodological issues. As in Part 1 of my reply, Davidson's rejoinder helps make the critique stronger, deeper, and more relevant. 相似文献
20.
This article contributes to the literature on the convergence of financial systems in the euro area by estimating household credit demand in individual countries. Using the ARDL framework advocated notably by Pesaran et al. (1999), the article provides evidence on the convergence of long-run credit demand determinants (interest rates, investment and house prices) in the largest euro area countries, while short run-dynamics remain heterogenous across countries. The article also demonstrates that the equation uncovers demand rather than supply behaviour. 相似文献