发展民营银行和资本市场 建立金融市场新格局

本文认为,发展民营银行是改善银行结构,提高银行素质,加大金融对经济支持力度,开展与外资银行进行市场竞争的必然要求,也是打破国有银行垄断地位,鼓励和支持非公有制经济发展的需要;发展民营银行,可以吸纳大量民间资本,规范货币市场秩序,堵塞非法集资,为中小企业融资提供新渠道,分散国有银行风险;发展民营银行,有利于金融市场的竞争。提高银行业整体素质。文章提出,当前发展民营商业银行的条件已经成熟,关键在于采取措施,积极推进,突破法律与体制障碍,鼓励和支持非公有制经济的企业法人或自然人投资民营银行;同时要加强内部管理和内部控制,推进利率市场化,为民营银行提供良好的外部条件和广阔的活动空间;民营银行发展要形式多样,不拘一格。     

“包”打天下

2011年1—7月，中国箱包加工贸易出口合同额增长有所放缓，除2月、6月实现同比增长外，其余各月同比均为负增长。其中，4月加工贸易签单额创下最低值。当月出口订单仅为1．21亿美元，比去年同期下降了60．51％。6月创下7个月来的最高值，实现了2．18亿美元的合同签约量，同比增长14．58％。     

市场份额影响力、进口市场集中度与贸易结算货币选择

本文以中国161个H.S.6位税则号进口行业为样本,通过问卷调查搜集到31209家企业2000-2012年间从日本进口商品订单的金额和币种数据,以此测度市场份额影响力以及进口市场集中度对中国进口行业选择日元结算的影响.分析结论显示,日本的供给方市场份额影响力弱,中国的需求方市场份额影响力强,进口行业市场集中度高对采用日元结算具有负面影响.以上述结论为依据,本文根据样本数据提出了中日贸易适于采用人民币结算的具体行业,从而为推进人民币贸易结算的全球化发展提供了新思路.     

Advertising Expenditure,Enplanement, and Market Concentration

This paper investigates the long‐run relationship between advertising expenditure and enplanement (representing the number of passengers boarding an aircraft), advertising expenditure across carriers, and advertising expenditure and market concentration for the six largest US airlines. Advertising expenditure is evidenced to be strategic, although not clearly effective at increasing enplanement, suggesting collusive behavior. Advertising is also evidenced to be, for the most part, balancing in nature across rival carriers. Further tests suggest a positive and linear relationship with positive bi‐directional causality between advertising and market concentration. This paper’s findings raise three important questions. First, if advertising is not clearly effective at increasing enplanement, then why advertise? Second, if advertising increases market concentration, then shouldn’t airline activities be under some degree of scrutiny, or even be partially regulated? Third, could airline advertising be important in explaining higher post‐deregulation fares?     

日本东京筑地鱼市风情

日本是世界第一渔业大国，自古以来，鱼产品就是日本人的重要食物来源，世界上最大的水产品商场——筑地中央批发市场就坐落在东京。     

2010国际贸易风险报告

在全球化的今天,外贸风险贯穿了市场、通关、WTO规则、金融与债务体系,甚至社会心理等各个方面与各个层面。市场篇市场不同,市场上的风险就会不同。在不同的国家和地区做生意,     

图书出版产业结构、企业行为与企业绩效

本文以产业组织理论为基础,结合企业战略理论,深入探讨了图书出版产业市场结构、出版企业具体市场行为和市场绩效之间的相互关系,并利用调查数据对各种相互关系进行了实证检验.结合现状分析与实证研究结果,我们认为图书出版产业组织相关变量的因子划分方法可以很好地对变量数据进行拟合,同时还发现中国图书出版产业的市场结构、出版企业的市场战略、市场行为以及市场绩效等因素之间都存在显著的相互影响关系.实证结果表明,出版企业的资源质量、创新行为、产品决策等因素对出版企业最终市场绩效具有显著影响;而出版企业的资源规模以及出版产业的市场需求、市场壁垒和市场竞争等因素对出版企业市场绩效的影响程度则很弱.     

Market Structure,Learning and Product Innovation: Evidence for the EPROM Market

The study analyses the market for semiconductor memory chips, in particular EPROMs. Semiconductors are very interesting industry for studying empirically the dynamics of innovation. Given the short product life cycles of generations of chips, the market dynamics unfold much more rapidly than in other industries and are therefore better amenable to empirical observation. One of the aims is to shed more light on the link between learning and the dynamics of product innovation, as well as their influence on market structure. Learning with an old generation turns out to be an important determinant for product innovation. The further down the firm has moved on the learning curve, the higher its market share, and the larger becomes the probability that the firm is an early innovator. The results are consistent with the persistence of leadership hypothesis.     

超越市场导向 强化战略观念——市场竞争新思维

市场导向思想的提出,是企业竞争观念的一次革命,它曾经在指导企业从事竞争活动时发挥过重要作用。但是,随着市场竞争的日趋激烈,要求企业超越市场导向,树立战略导向的新观念。这是企业竞争观念的又一次革命。本文从理论和实践的结合上,提出了战略导向所包含的善于竞争、整体优化、系统思维、动态观念、超前意识、不断创新、引导需求等内容。     

北京市望京地区房地产市场研究报告

最近几年,北京市一直保持着10％以上的经济增长速度,到2004年底,GDP已经达到4283．3亿元。在全市国民经济快速发展的同时,城市居民收入水平持续提高。商业日益繁荣,突出反映在人均可支配收入水平和社会消费品零售额的增长。与此同时,北京市城市规模也在不断扩大。     

Market orientation: Review, refinement, and roadmap

Over the past ten years, significant progress has been made in the market orientation area. Scholarly attention has focused on the definition, measurement, and impact of a market orientation. Attention has also focused on organizational drivers of market orientation and its enhancement. Despite progress, several research challenges remain and rich opportunities exist for further work in the area. This paper critically reviews the state-of-the-art and offers a roadmap for future work in the area. The review primarily focuses on (1) the meaning of market orientation, (2) its relationship with several emerging topics/themes in the literature (e.g., market information processing, organizational learning, knowledge use, industry foresight and driving markets), (3) the quality of market-oriented behaviors, (4) impact of market orientation, and (5) issues in enhancing market orientation. We conclude with a conceptual synthesis and methodological suggestions.     

Materialism,Status Consumption,and Market Involved Consumers

Materialism has by all accounts an important impact on many aspects of consumer behavior. The psychological mechanisms through which materialism influences behavior, however, are not well studied. This paper describes a study of the influence of materialism on shopping intensity and amount of spending that takes into account the mediating influences of three important consumer characteristics: status consumption, brand engagement in self‐concept, and market mavenism. The researchers fit a model of these relationships based on the Meta‐theoretic Model of Motivation (3M) model to data from a sample of 351 adult U.S. consumers. The model fit the data well, and the results showed that indeed, status consumption, brand engagement, and market mavenism mediate at least partially the influence of materialism on shopping and spending.     

Market Concentration, Economic Welfare, and Antitrust Policy

The authors review the foundation for incorporating market concentration directly into consumer utility functions, and develop a general equilibrium model to derive welfare-maximizing principles for optimal enforcement of antitrust policies toward concentrated market structures, including merger policy. An intriguing result is that increased market concentration can fail to maximize economic welfare even if a proposed merger might generate positive net efficiencies.

Trade,Technical Change,and Labour Market Adjustment

This paper empirically examines three possible reasons for the high and rising unemployment of low‐skilled employees in Germany: (i) an upsurge in inter‐industry trade, (ii) a skill‐biased technical change, and (iii) a failure of labour market adjustment. The empirical analyses indicate that an exogenous wage‐setting process as well as a bundle of factors, including a skill‐biased technical and structural change, have contributed to the decline in relative demand for low‐skilled employees in Germany. Thus, economic policy in Germany should focus on improving the employability of workers in the lower segment of the labour market and on raising the adjustment flexibility, above all the flexibility of the wage structure, of the German labour market.     

Competition, Market Structure and Job Turnover

Does internationalization mean increased reallocation of employment among plants and thus higher adjustment costs? This paper studies the reallocation of jobs among plants in the Swedish economy 1986–97 using micro data. It turns out that the rate of job turnover is high in industries with high rates of innovation and employment growth, and low in concentrated industries with limited competition. However, we find no evidence for the view that increased openness to international competition would increase job turnover. In fact turnover is lower in export oriented industries where foreign ownership is frequent.     

Market imperfections,opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship

This research develops the argument that four types of market imperfections (i.e., inefficient firms, externalities, flawed pricing mechanisms and information asymmetries) at once contribute to environmental degradation and that they also provide significant opportunities for the creation of radical technologies and innovative business models. We show that these opportunities establish the foundations for an emerging model of sustainable entrepreneurship, one which enables founders to obtain entrepreneurial rents while simultaneously improving local and global social and environmental conditions. To advance this new field, we offer suggestions for a research agenda focusing on two areas: the relationship between market imperfections and entrepreneurial opportunities, and the emerging field of sustainable entrepreneurship.     

土地管制、市场价格与政策选择

本文从宏观和微观两个层面考察土地管制政策对市场价格的影响,利用35个大中城市的宏观数据,检验土地供给是否对住房价格产生影响,以及其影响程度与时间路径;利用杭州286宗住宅用地微观数据,量化微观管制政策对土地价格的影响方向与程度。我们发现土地供给对住房供给在长期内(1～2年)有显著影响,短期内(1年以内)没有影响;而土地供给对住房价格在长期与短期内都有影响,如通过改变预期影响当年住房价格,通过控制住房供给影响滞后1年的住房价格等。土地出让约束条款能够显著影响土地的出让价格,容积率每增加1%,会引起土地价格上升0.777%,出让地块面积增加1%会导致单位出让价格下降0.108%。进而,从宏观和微观两个层面提出政策建议,促进住房市场与价格保持稳定。     

启动农村市场 扩大农民消费

改革开放以来，随着我国经济的持续发展，我国已经告别了短缺经济的困扰．全面买方市场的出现，导致了我国绝大部分商品供过于求。在这种情况下，如何启动消费需求已成为我国经济能否继续发展的关键所在，而启动占全国人口７０％的农村消费市场更应该是关键的关键．