省直管县财政体制改革研究——从财政的省直管县到重建政府间财政关系

省直管县财政体制改革是深化财税体制改革的重要内容之一。财政的省直管县有利于促进县域经济的发展,增强基层政府公共服务能力,但不能期望仅此改革就能从根本上改变公共服务的基本状况。省直管县改革需要相应的行政管理体制改革与行政区划的调整。政府转型构成财政省直管县改革的持续动力。重构政府间财政关系,重建分税制财政体制亦需摆上议事日程。     

财政层级结构调整如何影响了纵向税收竞争关系?——来自省直管县改革的证据

协调好上下级政府间的税收分配关系是大国财政治理的重要内容。作为一次财政层级结构扁平化的尝试,省直管县改革取消地市级财政参与县级税收分成的制度安排能够阻断税收任务的层层加码。由于分批逐步进行省直管县试点改革的模式使得财政层级结构调整具有明显的“准自然实验”特征,本文利用1628个县的面板数据模型识别财政层级设置对纵向税收竞争关系的影响。分析结果表明,省直管县改革强化了县级财政与地市级财政间的纵向税收竞争关系,但弱化了县级财政与省级财政间的纵向税收竞争关系。分省直管县改革模式和分区域估计的结果表明,上述效果主要体现在全面直管型地区和东部地区。在进一步对省直管县改革影响纵向税收竞争的机制分析中,本文发现省直管县改革能通过税收收入分配机制和转移支付机制对纵向税收竞争产生影响。     

论财政体制改革之“省直管县”

“省直管县”财政体制改革,是健全我国财政管理体制、缓解基层财政困难的重要途径。但全面推进“省直管县”财政体制改革以求达到预期的理想效果仍需要行政体制的改革、各级政府事权的协调、地方主体税种的培育、转移支付的完善等各种因素的配套进行,是项复杂而系统的工程。     

财政“省直管县”能够约束基层公职人员在职消费吗

地方政府公职人员在职消费过快增长一直是困扰政府治理的一个难题,而政府治理结构改革是解决这一问题的有效途径.作为一项重要的政府治理结构改革,财政“省直管县”改革会改变县级政府的激励和约束:一方面,财政“省直管县”改革后县级政府收入分成的提高会加强县级政府之间的财政竞争;另一方面,在财政关系上减少一级政府会影响上级政府对县级政府的财政监督和管理.这种激励和约束的改变能否有效抑制基层公职人员的在职消费需要进一步实证检验.本文使用中国县级财政经济统计数据对财政“省直管县”改革与基层公职人员在职消费之间的关系进行实证研究.研究发现:财政“省直管县”改革使得县域人均行政管理费显著降低了约5％,使行政管理费支出占总财政支出的比重显著降低了约0.583％.     

省直管县下财政管理体制改革初探

为完善省以下财政管理关系,提高地方政府公共服务水平,我国应当对省以下财政关系进行改革,实行省直管县财政管理体制改革符合当前我国财政改革的要求,本文试就财政管理体制改革进行探索.     

省直管县财政体制研究评析与思考

＂省直管县＂财政体制是近年学术界研究的重点领域。本文选取核心期刊的相关文献,对相关研究成果进行梳理及评价。以期扩大研究视野,明确各级政府间财政关系,探究改革的问题和经验借鉴,推进省直管县财政体制,深化和完善省以下财政管理体制,促进县域经济发展,缩小城乡差距,促进县域公共产品的有效供给,实现社会公平和财政民主。     

对“省管县”财政体制改革的若干思考

“省直管县”财政体制下,省级财政直接管理地市与县（市）财政,地方政府间在事权和支出责任、收入的划分,以及省对以下转移支付补助、专项拨款补助、各项结算补助、预算资金调度等都是省直接对地市和县（市）.地市没有管理县（市）财政的职能,不直接与县（市）发生财政关系。省管县财政体制与市管县财政体制相比,具有明显的优点：一是有利于减少财政管理层次。     

纵向财政关系改革与基层政府财力保障:准自然实验分析

基层政府的财力保障关系到整个国家财政职能的履行。如何调整政府间纵向财政关系以提升基层政府的财力水平,是加快建立现代财政制度的重要问题。近年来,省直管县财政体制改革的推行成为理顺政府间纵向财政关系的一项重要尝试,为实证研究纵向财政关系改革对县级基层政府财力保障的影响提供了准自然实验分析的条件。本文基于全国县级数据,利用倾向得分匹配-双重差分法(PSM-DID),研究省直管县这一纵向财政关系改革对县级可支配财力的影响,并且对其影响路径加以识别。研究结果表明,改革对县级可支配财力的提高具有显著促进作用;相比于本级财政收入,改革对上级转移支付的提升作用更为明显,说明改革更多的是通过约束地级市对县级转移支付的截留行为,实现了县级基层政府财力水平的提高。     

完善省直管县财政体制 促进县域经济发展

要进一步深化省直管县改革，科学界定政府间基本公共服务事权与支出责任，加强市县间合作共享的局面，完善激励与约束相结合的转移支付制度，强化和完善省对县的监督机制。     

省直管县体制下县域公共品提供的研究

省直管县下的财政体制改革是我国财政管理体制改革的制度创新。在以前的市管下,由于财权和事权的不统一,导致公共品配置不合理。省直管县改革后,向县级基层政府下放多种经济事务管理权限,在改善公共产品的供给,增加公共服务的能力等方面产生了深远影响。但与此同时,由于公共品自身特点和省、县财政管理体制的原因,也暴露了一些弊端。因此,本文从三个方面提出提高公共服务水平的建议。     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

China's Auto Industry Steps Forward

Last year,the volume of China's auto trade reached US$66.878 bil- lion,of which imports accounted for US$25.982 billion,a year-on- year increase of 24.45 percent;while ex- ports totaled US$40.896 billion,growing by 45.31 percent.The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers(CAAM) predicts that the number of autos sold in 2008 will break the 1 million barrier for the first time in history,representing an increase of about 20 percent.     

Domino Effect on Electricity and Coal Prices

In the middle of last December, the key purchase contracts for coal used in power generation in 2008 were signed, reflecting a demand for more than 1.085 billion tons. It is important to note that the country＇s five biggest power producers, China Huaneng Group, China Guodian Corporation, China Power Investment Corporation, China Huadian Corporation and China Datang Corporation, had settled on the prices on their purchase contracts, and they are expected to consume 290 million tons of coal for generating electricity,