酒店行业发展环境及酒店产品设计策略探讨

文章分析了酒店行业发展形势,剖析了当前酒店行业发展的弊端和劣势,在总结酒店行业发展前景的基础上,提出了酒店产品设计的策略。     

论设计调查与产品设计的关系

随着市场经济的发展,我们的产品已不只是停留在满足基本功能,而是加入了更多的人性化设计。现在,设计师们深入市场,对产品进行设计前的调查,已经成为产品成功的重要因素。     

色彩心理与产品设计

从色彩对比、联觉、色彩情感、色彩的身心反应、异质性五个方面,探讨色彩的心理学规律以及这些色彩心理学规律在产品设计中的启示和应用,以期提高产品设计之功效。     

产品设计中的符号和隐喻

文章围绕"符号"和"隐喻"的概念从相关领域进行探讨,并从产品设计的角度出发,探讨"符号"与"隐喻"如何体现.     

Environmental priorities in strategic product development

This paper reports some results from a major research project on the integration of environmental issues into design in the electrical and electronic industry. Product development practice and ecodesign methods were examined along with qualitative data from 19 manufacturers, using interviews and an action research methodology. A four‐stage framework for ecodesign practice resulted: first, to make an environmental assessment from a life cycle viewpoint; then to communicate the analysis and collect feedback; thirdly to prioritize the environmental issues and finally to complete the design using relevant tools and methods. This ‘ARPI’ framework (analyse, report, prioritize, improve) applies to both strategic and operational levels. Initial testing of the framework in collaborating companies highlighted difficulties with communication with design teams; the role of ‘ecodesign champions’ is explained. Other challenges are the development of customized tools and the training of designers. The study concludes that the prioritization step is critical, as it simplifies and clarifies the tasks in design that take place after formulation of the specification. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. and ERP Environment     

Bring your suppliers into your projects—Managing the design of work packages in product development

Early supplier involvement and integration is important in product development on strategic as well as on operational, project and team levels. Saab Aerospace intended to achieve early supplier involvement and high level of integration on all levels in the redesign of the aircraft JAS 39 Gripen. The research underlying this article shows that the intended strategy was only achieved on the strategic level and not on the operational project and team levels. One major reason for this was that the design of the work breakdown structure (WBS) and work packages (WP) in the product development followed the functional and departmental logic within each company resulting in incompatible structures and preventing communication and information exchange. This article intends to explore how prevailing functionally designed WBS and WP structures created barriers and to demonstrate how supplier integration can be improved by designing collaborative WBS and integrated WP. The Dependence Structure Matrix (DSM) is introduced in order to analyze, visualize and manage interdependencies and information exchange between Saab Aerospace and its supplier on different levels of the WBS and in different phases of the development process, following the logic of interdependencies and information flow, in order to support a strategy focusing on integration of suppliers on the project and team level.     

浅析产品设计中的情感付诸

情感是产品设计中不可忽略的产物,设计师必须在产品设计中付诸情感。文章探讨了情感沟通的具体内涵,揭示了以用户需求为中心,通过交互式设计来挖掘情感的相关方法,详细论述了通过注重人性化设计、形式要素以及产品功能来深化情感的若干策略。     

无障碍设计的媒介性研究

无障碍设计作为一种设计方法,在设计应用领域起到了越来越重要的作用,本文从无障碍设计的特征出发,分析了设计媒介这一概念在设计开发过程中与产品以及和终端用户交互时的关系,并尝试通过媒介分析这一渠道诠释将设计意图恰当地表达给用户的诸项条件和可能性。     

设计企业产品、技术、专利及标准间推动发展的实践应用

企业要做产品就需要技术,技术通过科技研发产生;产生的新技术通过申请专利获得专利权;企业要编制产品的标准,并将专利技术纳入标准。文章结合所在企业的应用实践,体会到企业的产品、技术、专利、标准之间存在一种互动关系,它们相互作用,相互推动,共同发展。     

产品设计的情感因素研究

产品是为了满足人的需要而诞生的。随着人类需求层次不断提高,也在不断地改进,产品与人的关系也越来越密切,它们既是人类情感的表达者,又是人类情感交流的朋友。产品的情感设计就是遵循人的情感活动规律,以消费者的体验层次和情感需求为切入点,设计具有人情味的产品形态和人机交互方式,使使用者在心理上获得认同,在体验中获得情感,并唤起人们对新的生活方式的追求。文章主要从三方面进行探讨与思考:1、情感在产品设计中的地位;2、产品中所蕴含的情感因素;3、设计师怎样利用这些情感因素设计出更具有人性化的产品。     

An optimisation method for complex product design

Designing a complex product such as an aircraft usually requires both qualitative and quantitative data and reasoning. To assist the design process, a critical issue is how to represent qualitative data and utilise it in the optimisation. In this study, a new method is proposed for the optimal design of complex products: to make the full use of available data, information and knowledge, qualitative reasoning is integrated into the optimisation process. The transformation and fusion of qualitative and qualitative data are achieved via the fuzzy sets theory and a cloud model. To shorten the design process, parallel computing is implemented to solve the formulated optimisation problems. A parallel adaptive hybrid algorithm (PAHA) has been proposed. The performance of the new algorithm has been verified by a comparison with the results from PAHA and two other existing algorithms. Further, PAHA has been applied to determine the shape parameters of an aircraft model for aerodynamic optimisation purpose.     

面向工业产品外型概念设计系统的研究

为了实现一个基于手绘草图且具备友好交互界面支持概念的设计系统,文章根据该系统需要完成设计不同的功能,采用分不同模块进行系统分析与设计,包括草绘设计环境的设计模块、二维笔画识别与草图规整模块、图形显示模块。本系统克服传统CAD设计工具的特点,结合现有的草图设计技术,构建二维草图技术体系。     

Project management for new product development

This article examines the intersection of the project management body of knowledge with new product development (NPD). The area under examination is the development of consumer products that have a significant engineering production content. It is concluded that the project management method, with its structured task definition and software tools, is generally useful for managing NPD projects. However, in some areas, project management incompletely meets the needs of NPD. Specifically, NPD is characterized by complex interrelated activities and large uncertainties about precisely which solution path will be taken, such that the full scope of the project can often not be anticipated beforehand. The article identifies that more research is required to validate the stage‐gate and lean project management methods. Whereas cost is the primary focus in project management, with NPD there is a need to consider both cost and income (from product sales) in making strategic decisions. Communication and human resource management are important factors in NPD success, but existing project management perspectives have little to say about the social and behavioral aspects, such as organizational culture, team dynamics, and leadership styles, especially not for NPD. Current project management practices are very much based on “output control” (targets, appraisal, rewards, management by objectives), which the human resource management literature identifies as inhibiting innovation. There is also likely to exist an intersection, as yet poorly understood, between project management and knowledge management, particularly for innovation processes such as NPD. For practitioners, the main message is that the project management method provides a basic, but imperfect, tool for managing NPD. The relevance for researchers is that gaps have been identified in the project management method as it is currently applied to NPD. Several places are identified where further research is required to (a) better understand the causality between factors (e.g., human resource management) and project success and (b) adapt project management methods to better serve the NPD process.     

Pro/E仿真模块在产品开发中的应用

文章讲述了利用Pro/ENGINEER进行产品零部件运动仿真的流程,以实例的形式说明了Pro/ENGI-NEER软件的机构模块和动画模块在产品开发中的应用,为人们从事产品预先演示、广告宣传、零部件的早期验证、及时地暴露设计过程中存在的匹配和干涉等问题提供了参考借鉴作用。     

弹药产品反求设计分析

文章针对当今世界弹药产品迅猛发展、发达国家先进武器不断商品化的现状,一般性地分析了弹药产品反求设计的前提——国际环境、学科基础,并从一般特点、设计原则、基本步骤、反求方法等几方面对弹药产品反求设计进行了分析,提出了弹药产品反求设计的目的——再创造、科学反求。     

Structural change and technological development

It is important for our understanding of sectoral and regional structural change to analyze the R & D-activities. In this paper we show that R & D should be analyzed as an endogenous, intermediate, public investment variable rather than as ordinary capital investment. The allocation of resources for R&D cannot be decentralized regionally or sectorally but should preferably be decided on as a problem of optimal taxation. It is shown that the optimal rate of taxation for R&D is determined by possibilities of substitution between ordinary capital investments and R&D, by the propensity to invest and by the productivity of the R&D- producing sector. A dynamic model with accessibility representation of knowledge is finally formulated. This interregional R&D-model also has equilibrium growth properties. The equilibrium rate of growth of all regions of this model can be raised by decreasing any interregional distance or by raising any regional propensity to invest.     

对标分析及其在整车产品开发中的应用

文章阐述了对标分析概念、实施方法和分类,介绍了对标分析在整车产品开发过程当中的实际应用情况,并进行了举例说明。     

Team vision in product development: How knowledge strategy matters

In today’s more complex multinational and technologically sophisticated environment, the group has re-emerged in importance as the project team. Work teams are important to organizations in general, but are especially critical in product development because they span many functional areas including engineering, marketing, manufacturing, finance, etc., and new product teams must frequently be composed of individuals from different backgrounds and perspectives. In these circumstances, this paper addresses the contingency role that knowledge strategy plays in explaining the relationship between team vision and product development performance. After studying the team vision on 78 new product developments from a wide variety of firms, we found that effective team vision varies depending on the knowledge strategy—defined in terms of punctuated equilibrium in the explorative cycle, low ambidexterity and high ambidexterity. Our results demonstrate that while trade-off is positively associated with success in all strategies, clarity is only associated with low ambidexterity strategies and strategy-fit is only associated with high ambidexterity strategies.