Issue linkage and issue tie-in in multilateral negotiations

We describe a model of international, multidimensional policy coordination where countries can enter into selective and separate agreements with different partners along different policy dimensions. The model is used to examine the implications of negotiation tie-in — the requirement that agreements must span multiple dimensions of interaction — for the viability of multilateral cooperation when countries are linked by international trade flows and transboundary pollution. We show that, while in some cases negotiation tie-in has either no effect or can make multilateral cooperation more viable, in others a formal tie-in constraint can make an otherwise viable joint multilateral agreement unstable.     

Computer-supported cooperative negotiations

This article describes an environment for interactive negotiations based on current and emerging information technology. Over the past few years a suite of methods, tools, and techniques have emerged which promise to revolutionize the negotiations planning and decision-making processes. Some of these technologies include collaborative computing, electronic publishing, intelligent systems, and networked communications—all supported by a network of processors, applications, and data bases. This article explores these opportunities by examining how the methods, tools, and techniques might all combine to facilitate “computer-supported cooperative negotiations.”     

An experimental study of alternative preparation aids for international negotiations

We test the relative effectiveness of alternative preparation aids in the context of an international negotiation. We consider three forms of training: reading material, a course on negotiation, and an expert system (NEGOTEX) expressly designed to train negotiators. We conducted a laboratory experiment involving 66 pairs of negotiators—one of each pair being American and the other Chinese. Results suggest that in this context, the course had the greatest effect on performance, followed by NEGOTEX, and then followed by reading material. In addition, we found that training effects were additive: multiple forms of training lead to better results than individual forms of training, suggesting that (1) training forms complement and do not substitute for one another, and (2) multiple forms of training should be considered, especially when stakes are high.     

International negotiations on carbon dioxide reductions: A dynamic game model

Is there is a warming trend in the earth's climate caused by an increase in concentrations of greenhouse gases in the upper atmosphere, it may be sensible to try to slow down that process by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and, in particular, the emissions of carbon dioxide produced by the energy sector of world economies. For a number of reasons, a consensus on such reductions is difficult to reach. In this article, we model the problem as a dynamic game with national governments, or coalitions of such governments, as players. Clearly, the negotiations on worldwide reductions in CO₂ emissions can succeed only if there exists a cooperative solution superior to the noncooperative one. According to our model, the existence of a collectively preferable cooperative solution depends on the degree of concern among national governments about negative impacts of increased CO₂ concentrations. In addition to this unsurprising conclusion, the model can provide insights as to whose concerns will count most for the success of the negotiations and who will have to be induced by side payments to participate.     

“谷贱伤农”仍然是粮食增产的最大隐患

粮食是关系国计民生的重要战略资源,粮食安全和粮食供需平衡是构建和谐社会的重要基础。近年来,受全球粮食供需形势多变、国内耕地和水资源减少、城市化进程加快等因素影响,粮食安全问题日益突出。特别是2006年第四季度全国范围粮价迅速上涨,引起了各级党委、政府及社会各界对粮食问题的关注。＂谷贱伤农＂仍然是粮食增产的最大隐患。从粮食价格方面分析了我国粮食增产的影响因素,并提出了相关对策。     

Hierarchical power in personnel negotiations

Hierarchical Power (HP), a model for power asymmetry, is used in conjunction with other principles of personnel management to analyze the behavior of professionals during negotiations in an organization. Hierarchical Power involves the ability of a decision maker to choose in the knowledge of the opponent's choice. The methodology of HP is applied to a representative conflict in which a professional employee prefers to remain in the status quo position, and would rather leave the organization than accept a transfer to another position. An analysis of this conflict using HP is consistent with observed outcomes. HP is then used to study whether and how an alternate plan can help to eliminate the possible deadlock between the decision makers.     

论黑龙江省现代粮食流通产业的构建

在以市场化为取向的粮食流通体制初步建立之后,推进现代粮食流通产业发展就成为必然。积极发展现代粮食流通产业,是增加种粮农民收入的基本途径,是提高粮食综合生产能力、保障国家粮食安全的重要举措。针对黑龙江省现代粮食流通产业发展的现状、存在的主要问题,提出黑龙江省现代粮食流通产业构建的对策。     

粮食的结露与处理

主要阐述了粮食结露的含义与类型,分析了引起粮食结露的形成条件、因素,重点讨论了储粮结露的预防与处理。     

粮食集装箱运输的发展前景分析

粮食集装箱运输具有其独特的优势，利用现有的集装箱运输网络，为客户提供更快、更优的粮食物流服务，粮食集装箱运输前景广阔。     

论粮食产业化发展方向

本文从农村土地、农民的社会保障,依靠非农产业实现农民增收,以农业信息化促进农业现代化,农业产业化发展,改善政府对农业的宏观调控,城市化与农业结构调整等几个方面研究和探索了发展粮食产业化的发展方向。     

粮库远程监控系统的应用

本文主要通过杭州市粮食收储有限公司及所属各储备粮库实际配备装设视频监控系统的情况,介绍了视频监控系统在粮库中的实际应用,证明视频监控系统是粮库现场和安全管理的现代化有效手段。     

粮食主产区发展粮食加工产业的挑战与机遇

新形势下,如何缩小粮食主产区与主销区农民收入之间的差距?在维护我国粮食安全的同时,对加快粮食主产区发展粮食加工产业以促进自身发展,必将成为粮食主产区的现实选择。     

集装箱散货接卸系统改造

粮食集装箱运输是近年来迅速发展起来的一种新型散粮运输模式。为了满足市场需求,提高劳动生产率,对集装箱接卸设备的改造迫在眉睫。     

浅论粮食物流项日建设中的风险管理研究

在我国粮食物流工程项目中,风险管理理论是一个比较薄弱的环节。急需进行深入、系统的研究。本文对粮食物流项目风险管理研究方法和内容做了初步探讨,以期能够解决项目实践中的问题,针对现实项目提出风险应对措施,并总结经验,采用科学方法有效地识别项目风险;通过评估风险,帮助项目管理者了解哪些是主要风险,并实施有效的应对措施,控制风险,减少损失,使项目达到预期的经济效益和社会效益。推动粮食物流项目的发展。为项目科学决策提供依据。     

小麦不完善粒的成因及解决办法

根据小麦不完善粒的特点,综合胶东地区近几年小麦收购质量变化情况,提出小麦不完善粒形成原因和解决办法。     

构建安全高效的粮食物流系统

“安全＋高效”的粮食物流系统是粮食安全的重要保障。“政府主导＋市场运作”是构建安全高效粮食物流系统的指导思想,具体措施包括：制定全国性和地方省市的粮食物流发展规划、加大粮食物流基础设施的投资建设力度、完善粮食物流相关的政策法规制度、加快粮食物流信息化建设和探索粮食物流组织创新模式。     

散粮输送技术方案的模糊综合评价

摘要：构建了散粮输送技术方案模糊综合评价指标体系,运用综合评价法和模糊数学的相关理论建立了模糊综合评价模型。通过对800t／h散粮输送技术具体案例进行评价,为散粮输送在设计过程中选择最佳的方案提供了理论依据。     

粮食绿色生态仓储建筑设计初探——浙江中穗省级粮食储备库整体搬迁工程投标方案

自1980年世界自然保护组织首次提出"可持续发展"的口号后,"可持续发展"战略越来越受到人们的关注,在社会上得到广泛的宣传和和应用。在建筑领域也掀起了一股"绿色建筑"潮。本文以浙江中穗省级粮食储备库整体搬迁工程投标方案为例,从项目的总体规划、单体设计以及工艺设计等多个角度,阐述了"绿色建筑"设计理念在粮食仓储建筑设计中的应用与发展。     

浅析无功补偿控制系统在粮库中的应用

节能是我国经济和社会发展的一项长远战略方针,在老式粮库中的电力节能是节能降耗重中之重。合理利用无功补偿技术,降低用电负荷,确保补偿技术经济、合理、安全可靠运行,解决大型机组启动时产生的冲击电流对地方电网产生不利影响,增强用电可靠性,提高用电质量,有效延长粮库用电设备的使用寿命,带来可观的经济效益和一定的社会效益。     

粮食机械设备润滑管理技术与方法

介绍了粮食机械设备润滑管理的目的、任务、基本理论及技术和方法,同时介绍了粮食机械设备润滑的检测方法,以及常用机械零件的润滑管理方法,为粮食机械设备润滑管理提供借鉴和参考.