传统企业电子商务转型的价值、层次与周期分析

文章论述了电子商务转型给传统企业所带来的价值提升 ,提出了传统企业电子商务转型的不同层次 ,并分析了传统企业电子商务转型的周期。     

电子商务对传统企业的转型研究

本从电子商务与传统企业的发展现状及其相互关系着手，具体分析了传统企业实施电子商务的优势及必要性，简述了电子商务对传统企业的冲击和影响，在此基础上提出了电子商务对传统企业的资源重组和转型调整思路，并对当前企业“e”转型所面临的困难进行了分析并提出了相应的解决思路。     

发展电子商务的两条途径

本文分析了电子商务的涵义和竞争优势。指出了发展电子商务可通过传统企业转型和企业创新模式两条途径来实现，对发展电子商务的方式，方法进行了论述。     

中国制造业转型升级与新微笑曲线理论

鉴于中国制造业转型升级支持理论的不足,将科技水平变量引入传统微笑曲线模型,发现传统微笑曲线理论和倒微笑曲线理论仅描述了产业链附加值分布图的一部分,只有两者结合才能构成完整的微笑曲线理论,即新微笑曲线理论。此外,基于新微笑曲线理论,提出对中国制造业转型升级的3个重要启示：①无论选择哪一条转型升级路径,加大科技投入、进行科技创新及提升科技水平均是中国制造业实现转型升级的根本路径;②价值链高端和低端的划分实际上是一个动态变化的概念,只要加大生产制造环节的科技投入,积极进行科技创新,大幅提升其科技水平,在一定条件下,产业链生产制造环节也能处于价值链高端;③对于当前大多数中国制造企业而言,其转型升级路径是直接在生产制造环节进行转型升级而非沿着产业链向两端攀升。     

平台型电子商务企业商业生态系统的构建研究——基于阿里巴巴的案例分析

借鉴商业生态理论框架,以阿里巴巴集团为例,运用案例研究方法,深入研究了平台型电子商务企业的生态结构及其形成过程。研究发现,平台型电子商务企业生态圈的不同发展阶段其特点各不相同,开拓阶段通过创造关键产品满足用户需求,扩展期通过拓展电子商务相关领域,成熟期通过领导、完善整个电子商务生态系统。提出的平台型电子商务企业的商业生态系统研究路径,进一步丰富了双边市场理论的研究,对于传统企业的升级、转型及其生态系统的构建具有现实指导意义。     

电子商务与传统企业

90年代以来,随着互联网以及各项相关技术的日趋成熟,电子商务在社会经济领域得到了广泛的应用。尤其在发达国家,电子商务发展迅速。电子商务推动了商业、贸易、金融、广告、运输、教育等社会经济领域的创新,并因此形成了一个又一个新产业,给世界各国传统企业带来许多新的机会。同时,各种传统经济从生产到销售正经历着巨大的变化。 　　随着一些大型传统企业纷纷"触网","鼠标"加"水泥"的模式成了传统企业参与电子商务的选择。显然,"鼠标"加"水泥"将使传统经济逐步迈向网络经济,将越来越成为推动电子商务发展的主要动力,选择电子商…     

电子商务再造传统企业

随着网络经济的日益发展,电子商务将逐渐取代传统商务活动模式而成为21世纪经济活动的核心。电子商务的实质并不只是通过网络购买东西．而是利用Internet技术,彻底改变传统的商业运作模式。文章主要论述了电子商务与传统企业再造的关系以及电子商务环境下．企业再造的主要特点。传统企业在进行电子商务系统建设的同时,更应该利用先进的信息技术,进行企业的再造工程。     

传统企业电子商务化的实施战略

如今越来越多的传统企业认为，以网络化、知识管理、全球化为主要特征的新经济已是不可逆转的趋势，电子商务将成为企业发展的必由之路。然而，传统企业在筹划和实施电子商务的过程中普遍存在一些误区，从长远看将严重阻碍企业电子商务的发展，因此树立正确的电子商务观念就显得尤为重要。同样，传统企业也只有采取稳妥的电子商务策略与途径，才能确保将电子商务落到实处，在未来的全球化竞争中把握主动。     

我国传统企业开展电子商务的误区及对策分析

文章指出电子商务与传统企业(有别于新型网络企业 )相结合是未来企业发展趋势 ,分析了传统企业开展电子商务过程中的四个误区 ,并有针对性地详细论述了企业走出误区、有效开展电子商务的对策。     

电子商务对企业营销的影响

电子商务越来越深刻地改变着传统商务模式,电子商务有两个核心概念,一为商务,二为数字化技术,数字化技术是工具,进行商务活动是目的。电子商务具有虚拟性和不受时空限制的特征。传统企业营销存在着中间环节和时空的限制,电子商务则对企业的营销理念、营销区域和营销方式产生了巨大的影响。     

菲利普斯曲线与中国货币政策目标选择

本文概述了菲利普斯曲线的演进过程及西方经济学家关于菲利普斯曲线的竞争，在此基础上对论了中国菲利普斯曲线的变化及现阶段的货币政策选择。     

Minimum Wage Compliance and the Labor Demand Curve

Contrary to the traditional analysis of the employment effects of the minimum wage setting, the author shows that if compliance is contingent upon enforcement, complying with the minimum wage law involves a leftward shift of the labor demand curve rather than an upward movement along the curve. Furthermore, the labor demand curve will shift leftward with enforcement even if enforcement is insufficient to ensure compliance, becoming vertical when the options of compliance and noncompliance are equally attractive. Hence, it is not paying the statutory minimum wage that brings about a reduction in employment down to the full-compliance level but enforcement that, if sufficiently high, induces that same reduction in employment, even if the employer is still noncomplying with the minimum wage law.     

Enrollment and Curriculum: A Laffer Curve Analysis

When a college or graduate school toughens its curriculum, entry requirements, or graduation requirements, generally two opposite effects on enrollment will occur. First, because the graduating students have learned more and can signal to employers that they are more able, they can command higher starting wages, and this enhances enrollment. Second, the pool of students who are both eligible to enroll and able to complete the program is diminished, having a negative effect on enrollment. The resulting curve depicting enrollment as a function of the difficulty of the curriculum has the general Laffer curve properties and can be fruitfully examined. A preoccupation with current enrollment levels can lead to pressure to ease the difficulty of the curriculum, however doing so will backfire in the long run.     

News Sentiment: A New Yield Curve Factor

The authors show that sentiments from newspaper articles can explain and predict movements in the term structure of U.S. government bonds. This effect is stronger at the short end of the curve, coinciding with greater volatility and investors' need to continually reassess the Fed's reaction function. Facing such uncertainty, market participants rely on news and sentiment as a central element in their decision-making process. Considering this dependence, the authors propose a new yield curve factor—news sentiment—that is distinct from the 3 established yield curve factors (level, slope, and curvature) as well as from fundamental macroeconomic variables.     

Political‐Economic Regime and the Wage Curve: Evidence from Chile, 1957–96

This paper tests whether a wage curve—a negative relationship between the level of unemployment and the level of pay—existed in Chile during 1957–96. The analysis is divided into two periods. For 1957–73, during inward‐led development, we reject the existence of a wage curve. For 1974–96, when the economy opened, state‐run industries were privatised and labour rights weakened, we find a wage curve of ?0.08. Based on this finding we conclude that the unemployment–pay elasticity in the post‐reform period is similar to the ?0.07 to ?0.10 wage curve found in other western, capitalist countries. Disaggregating the analysis by group, we find that women, non‐university educated workers and public sector workers have suffered more from unemployment. Yet informal sector workers have not experienced pay drops as a result of unemployment, contradicting the hypothesis that the informal sector acts as a buffer during economic downturns.     

Applications of an IS-MP Model with Yield Curve

This paper presents an IS-MP model with the term structure of interest rates (i.e., the yield curve) and discusses some of its applications to recent macroeconomic activities and policy issues. Specifically, the model is employed to explain (1) why a steepening yield curve may signal the subsequent economic expansion, (2) why long-term zero interest rate policy (ZIRP) may not completely avoid recessions, but disables the yield curve from being inverted to signal the following economic recession, (3) how Operation Twist (OT) may help ease the recession, in particular, under ZIRP, and what limit it may face.     

政策可信性变动对菲利普斯曲线稳定性的影响——来自中国的经验证据

文章以1994年前后的价格冲击下人民银行将适应性政策转变为非适应性政策这一事件为背景,考察了公众对政策可信性的变动及其对通胀预期形成方式和菲利普斯曲线稳定性的影响。我们首先在理性预期假定下设定引入政策可信性变量的菲利普斯曲线模型。通过对"产出-物价"曲线的判断,SVAR模型中通胀冲击下通胀和产出缺口的响应函数以及菲利普斯曲线模型的递归最小二乘法检验,得出我国公众对政策的可信性增加,进而导致其通胀预期形成方式中的前向参照政策信息的成分增加,菲利普斯曲线发生改变。这就意味着,如果人民银行试图维持通胀预期形成方式和菲利普斯曲线的稳定,就应该保证政策可信性具有稳定性,而且,从长期实现价格稳定目标的角度来看,人民银行还应不断提高这一政策的可信性。     

通过加总推出的总供给曲线

总供给曲线的推导是宏观经济学中的最重要内容之一。在大多数宏观经济模型中 ,在推导总供给曲线时 ,加总问题 (aggregationproblem)往往被忽略。一般认为 ,总供给曲线是各企业供给曲线的简单算术和或是一个代表性企业供给曲线的简单放大。但是 ,在现实中 ,各个企业是不同的。只有在非常严格的条件下 ,总供给曲线与企业供给曲线在性质上才是等价的。考虑到中国经济的制度性特点并在解决加总的一系列技术问题的基础上 ,本文推导出了在企业劳动生产率服从均匀分布情况下的总供给曲线。通过这种方法推出的总供给曲线具有许多传统总供给曲线所不具有的新性质。笔者希望本文能为进一步研究处于微观经济和宏观经济之间的往往被忽视的一块重要领域 (“中观经济领域”)做出贡献。     

实证分析:我国菲利普斯曲线失灵与应对财政政策就业效应

1998年至今我国经济呈现出GDP高速增长的态势,但是这种经济的高速增长伴随着的是宏观经济运行的两大不稳定因素,一是物价持续上涨,二是就业形势日益严峻,宏观经济呈现出菲利普斯曲线失灵的特点。本文在运用GDP增长率、失业率和通货膨胀率等相关指标来论证、描述和解析我国菲利普斯曲线失灵现象的基础上,主要对近几年我国政府在应对菲利普斯曲线失灵时所采取的相关反失业财政政策及其就业效应进行了分析,从而为我国政府今后如何继续完善和实施治理失业的财政政策起到一个抛砖引玉的作用。     

The J‐Curve: Evidence from Fiji*

This article provides new evidence on both long run and short‐run determinants of trade balance for Fiji and investigates evidence of J‐curve adjustment behaviour in the aftermath of a devaluation. We adopt a partial reduced form model that models the real trade balance directly as a function of the real exchange rate and real domestic and foreign incomes. Cointegration analysis is based on a recently developed autoregressive distributed lag approach—shown to provide robust results in finite samples. The long run elasticities are also estimated using a dynamic ordinary least squares approach and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FM‐OLS) approach. Amongst our key results we find that there is a long‐run relationship between trade balance and its determinants. There is evidence of the J‐curve pattern; growth in domestic income affects Fiji’s trade balance adversely while foreign income improves it.