Net profit of China＇s largest property developer up 30% in first nine months

China Vanke, the country＇s largest property developer by market value, said on October 25 that it raked in a net profit of RMB 2.96 billion （US$433.38 million） in the first three quarters of this year, up 29.9 percent year on year.     

Consultancy for LDC projects

How much and what kind of development consulting the industrial states provide for the less developed countries (LDCs) must depend on the structure of the reciplent country and the specific needs for advice ensuing from it. Constant consultation on development issues and development programmes for the whole national economy may be wanted or only advice on individual development projects. The two forms are connected insofar as individual projects must dovetall with an overall plan.     

积极发挥财政职能促进粮食宏观调控

近年来,我国加快了粮食购销市场化改革步伐.历史经验表明,越是放开粮食市场,越是需要加强粮食宏观调控.财政手段作为政府调控经济的一种重要方式,在粮食宏观调控中发挥着重要的作用.为做好新时期的粮食宏观调控,稳步推进粮食购销市场化改革,本文针对财政手段在粮食宏观调控中的必要性、重要作用以及当前存在的主要问题进行深入论述,提出了在粮食市场化条件下进一步发挥财政手段对粮食宏观调控作用的思路.     

A new framework for evaluating sponsorship opportunities

Despite the popularity of sponsorship, there remains a paucity of research attention. This is especially the case when considering the product relevance issue (the fit between the sponsor and the activity being sponsored). In the past, relevance has incorrectly been treated in terms of two mutually exclusive categories: function-based similarity (where the sponsor’s product is used in the event being sponsored) and image-based similarity (where the sponsor’s image is congruent with that of the event). In reality, however, these two types of similarity can coexist.

In this paper a new product relevance construct – integrated product relevance – is proposed. Research hypotheses are then formulated as to how integrated product relevance may affect consumer responses (in terms of quality perceptions, attitude towards the brand and purchase intention) to a sponsor’s products. Directions for future research are proposed based on this new construct.     

网测未来

身为好的管理者，我们在预期未来的商业活动时，需要有历史数据的支持，这就造成了回归分析等一系统用统计方法预测未来的理论基础。     

C8051F120单片机在工业仪表中的应用

工业自动化在中国的快速发展,使得工业应用中的各种检测控制仪表也得到了快速发展。本文介绍了一款以C8051F120为CPU的工业仪表设计。     

The mixed economy for public service consumers. The case of consumer agencies for public transportation

The phrase mixed economy of welfare refers to the observation that the provision of public services in western countries frequently involves the participation of other sectors in addition to government. For example, a service may be privately financed and produced but regulated by government, financed by government subsidies or vouchers but produced privately, or produced by a commercial or voluntary organization under contract to government. But such different ways in which government can arrange public service supply by no means exhaust the varieties of arrangements in a mixed economic system. Other examples include alternative institutional arrangements for articulating consumer wants for public services, evaluating consumer satisfaction, and holding the producers of services accountable for their performance.This paper examines the role of official public advisory bodies and private, voluntary associations whose purposes are to improve services to users of U.S. public transportation. At variance with some of the theory of political economy, it is found that the public and private consumer organizations generally enjoy a symbiotic rather than substitute or competitive relationship with one another, and that both kinds of organizations arise and complement each other in addressing the problems of consumers of a government service produced under monopoly conditions.

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Die Beteiligung mehrerer Wirtschaftssektoren bei der Versorgung mit öffentlichen Diensten — der Fall der amerikanischen Verbraucher-Agenturen für öffentlichen Nahverkehr

Zusammenfassung Der Ausdruck mixed economy of welfare bezieht sich auf die Beobachtung, daß die Versorgung mit öffentlichen Gütern in westlichen Ländern häufig nicht allein durch den Staat erfolgt. So kann zum Beispiel ein öffentliches Gut privat finanziert und hergestellt werden, aber unter öffentlicher Aufsicht stehen, oder es kann von der öffentlichen Hand bezahlt aber privat produziert werden, oder es kann durch eine kommerzielle oder gemeinnützige Organisation in Absprache mit staatlichen Stellen produziert werden. Ebenso gibt es Fälle, wo öffentlicher und privater Hersteller eines vergleichbaren Gutes verschiedene Marktseggmente versorgen. Beispielsweise stehen in den USA den Bürgern, die mit öffentlichen Schulen unzufrieden sind, private Schulen zur Verfügung.Diese Beispiele zeigen, auf welchen unterschiedlichen Wegen die Versorgung mit öffentlichen Gütern rangiert werden kann. Solche angebotsorientierten Beispiele zeigen aber nur einen Teil der möglichen Sektorverbindungen in einer Mischwirtschaft. Andere Beispiele treffen eher die Nachfrageseite bei öffentlichen Gütern, insbesondere die institutionellen Möglichkeiten für die Artikulation von Verbraucherwünschen hinsichtlich öffentlicher Güter für die Erfassung der Zufriedenheit und dafür, daß die Anbieter öffentlicher Güter für ihr Leistungsniveau einstehen müssen. Solche Beispiele zeigen, daß Einrichtungen wie Kommissionen für öffentliche Dienste, Departements für Konsumentenfragen, Ombudsmänner und eine Vielzahl privater und freiwilliger Organisationen in unterschiedlichster Weise tätig werden, um die Interessen von Bürgern zu schützen, die öffentliche Leistungen in Anspruch nehmen.Der vorliegende Beitrag betrachtet solche Einrichtungen für öffentlichen Nah- und Fernverkehr in den USA. Ebenso wie in England gibt es hier sowohl offizielle öffentliche Beratungsgremien wie auch private freiwillige Einrichtungen, deren Zielsetzung ganz ähnlich sind, nämlich die Leistungen der öffentlichen Verkehrsunternehmungen zu verbessern. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie beider Arten von Gremien und versucht die Rolle beider Arten in einer Mischwirtschaft zu beschreiben. Insbesondere versucht der Beitrag, zu erklären, warum beide Arten von Gremien entstehen, welches Verhältnis sie zu einander und zu den Transportunternehmen haben. Im Gegensatz zu manchen theoretischen Annahmen erwies sich, daß öffentliche und private Verbraucherorganisationen weniger in einem substitutiven oder wettbewerblichen Verhältnis zueinander stehen, sondern eher eine Symbiose miteinander bilden, und daß sich beide Arten von Organisationen häufig bei der Behandlung von Problemen ergänzen.The author is indebted to his former student and research assistant Chester Phillips for carrying out the survey for this paper. He would also like to thank his colleague Richard Silkman for insightful comments and suggestions on the first draft and Beverly Dolinsky of the Permanent Citizens Advisory Committee to the MTA in New York City for the time and information she provided. Finally, the author wants to thank Ken Judge for providing the stimulus to write this paper through the invitation to participate in the 1983 Social Administration Association Conference in Canterbury, England, where this paper was first presented, and Harry Weiner for arranging support to allow attendance at that conference.

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Dennis R. Young is a Professor at W. Averell Harriman College for Policy Analysis and Public Management, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA.     

A method for evaluating and selecting field experiment locations

When marketing researchers perform field experiments, it is crucial that the experimental location and the control location are comparable. At present, it is difficult to assess the comparability of field locations because there is no way to distinguish differences between locations that are due to random versus systematic factors. To accomplish this, we propose a methodology that enables field researchers to evaluate and select optimal field locations by parsing these random versus systematic effects. To determine the accuracy of our proposed methodology, we performed computer simulations with 10,000 cases per simulation. The simulations demonstrate that accuracy increases as the number of data points increases and as consistency increases.     

对外承包工程风险问题探讨

进行国外项目的承揽在带来较大经济效益的同时,也会带来一定的风险,本文着重从筹资、资金往来、利率以及税收等方面对国外承揽项目可能存在的经营风险和财务风险进行了分析,并从机构设置、成本控制、资金管理、合同签订等方面对企业如何控制风险方面提出了一些建议.     

Injury minimization in construction projects

Non-intentional drowning incidents remain a leading cause of mortality in Turkey as well as all over the world. A following related secondary syndrome is composed of those who drown during altruistic attempts to rescue a drowning person. Such ‘rescuers’ who attempt to rescue a drowning person, may themselves drown, resulting in a tragic multiple death. This study covers the year 2009, and necessary data was found by using internet search engines to identify cases in which a potential rescue attempt resulted with the rescuer's fatal drowning. Thirty-one ‘rescuers’ and 20 primary drowning victims (PDV) drowned in 28 incidents in which 80% of drowned primary victims (DPV) were children, and 48.4% of the ‘rescuers’ were children. In 48.4% of the ‘rescuers’ succeeded in rescuing the PDV's life. Out of them, 38.7% of the ‘rescuers’ and PDVs were friends/colleagues. The aim of this study is to define and examine multiple drowning syndromes (MDSs) and to suggest preventative measures. An increased awareness of such risks as promotion of swimming and rescue skills could help reducing the MDSs.     

我国林业生态项目建设问题探析

林业的可持续发展是一项系统工程,它需要各个系统有序协调地发展,只有这样,才能保持发展的可持续性和稳定性.因此,提高我国林业生态项目建设质量和建设效益,对搞好我国林业建设具有重要意义.笔者结合多年的工作实践,结合我国林业生态建设中存在的问题提出了相应的建设理念.     

Aid for trade as a public good

Aid for trade (A4T) can be classified as a public good. In the case of more than two donors, independent bilateral provision of A4T must be insufficient. This article suggests that international organisations can be a solution to insufficient A4T. However, those international organisations must adopt new methods of coordinating donors and recipients as well as a cost-sharing rule based on the share of benefit can help.     

External sources for innovation in public organisations

This article's objective is twofold: First, to provide a framework for understanding the role of external information sources in service innovation, with particular attention to innovation in public organisations. The second part of the article's objective is to test the proposed framework. Method of analysis is based on data at European level from the 2010 Innobarometer Survey on Public Innovation. Data is used for estimating a bivariate probit with sample selection, where the selection variable indicates whether or not organisations have recently implemented service innovations and the estimated variable indicates whether organisations have introduced services that are new to the whole public sector. Results indicate a significant relation between the use of both internal and external sources of information and the implementation of innovations by public organisations. External sources are shown to be more relevant for the implementation of services that are new to the public sector.     

Healthcare and hospitality: intangible dynamics for evaluating industry sectors

In order to assess potentially profitable exchanges across the healthcare and hospitality industries, this paper reviews intangibles theory, ranging from big data through knowledge assets (explicit and tacit) to intelligence, establishing the potential value from each and best practices for managing. Metrics are offered for the assessment of firms and industries according to these intangibles. Based on the metrics, intangible practices can be identified in all the industry sectors across healthcare as well as from hospitality sectors. Similarities are identified between hospitality and specific healthcare sectors (retail pharmacies have most in common with hospitality firms, both possessing strong data and explicit knowledge capabilities). Implications for strategy, competition, and intangibles management systems can also be drawn (chiefly process and customer relationship data and knowledge leading to operational and marketing excellence).