云南企业境外投资税收管理探析

云南省境外投资企业主要集中在老挝、越南、缅甸三国.目前对境外投资企业的税收管理中存在税收登记管理不规范、税收政策服务措施不完整等问题.本文提出了完善境外投资企业税收管理的一些建议.     

税事回眸

安徽省宿州市国家税务局加强对"走出去"企业的税收管理和服务:安徽省宿州市国税局在对全市企业境外投资情况开展调研的基础上,采取了一系列措施进一步加强对境外投资企业的税收管理和     

我国居民境外所得税收政策目标及其选择

实施“走出去”战略对我国税收政策提出挑战,建议继续坚持资本输出中性,适当扩大资本输入中性,强化防止国际偷漏避税的力度,着力实现对居民境外所得税收管理的规范化。在此基础上,维持我国现行个人居民认定标准,适当调整公司居民认定标准;细化我国营业利润和个人劳务所得来源地的判定规则,统一、规范和调整投资所得和财产转让所得的来源地标准;针对我国境外投资税收征管的薄弱环节,规范境外所得税收管理体制,制定完善的境外投资税收征管制度以及建立完善的境外投资税收服务体系。     

加强居民境外所得税收管理的思考

在境外投资税收管理中,除健全有关法律、法规体系外,规范、高效的税收征管体系也不可缺少.目前,我国境外投资税收征管还相当薄弱,远不能适应境外投资的发展形势,需要在管理模式、征管手段、纳税服务以及干部队伍等方面进一步完善.     

“一带一路”战略下企业境外投资税收风险评估——基于Fuzzy-AHP模型北大核心CSSCI

本文基于模糊层次分析法,对影响企业境外投资的税收风险因素进行量化评估,结果显示:企业境外投资税收风险总体较高,而政治法律环境指标数值依次高于其他指标数值;企业在"一带一路"沿线投资时,政治法律环境、经济发展状况、税制差异和税收管理风险程度将决定税收风险的高低。鉴于此,我国政府应制定符合"一带一路"发展需要的国际税收协调规则,实施开放型经济发展的税收政策等;企业也需要创新思路,因地制宜地选择"走出去"路径。     

中国企业"走出去"的税收管理策略——专访跨国税收管理专家詹清荣博士

詹清荣,法学博士,美国休斯顿大学商学院国际高级经理班结业,北京大学软法研究中心客座研究员。中国策划二十年十大专家,中国石油集团教授级高级经济师,中国石油集团南方石油开发公司副总经济师,中国石油天然气勘探开发公司税收保险分部负责人,具体负责所在单位在境外26个国家所涉石油合作项目的跨国税收管理工作。长期从事跨国石油投资税收管理和税收策划工作,运用法律、财政、会计、交易行为、税收协定、公司架构设计、年终纳税报表编制等方式进行跨国税收管理和筹划,在税收战略设计、税收策划、防范税收风险等方面有独到见解及富有成效的方案。     

东道国税收环境与中国企业对外直接投资区位选择

近年来税收影响中国对外直接投资区位选择的重要性日益显示。本文将东道国税收环境概括为总体税负、税制合理性、税收管理效率与税收透明度四个维度。本文收集了2012-2017年沪深A股采矿业、批发和零售业、制造业170家上市公司在77个境外国家和地区进行对外直接投资的相关数据,利用混合回归方法从微观企业行为出发研究中国对外直接投资区位选择与东道国税收环境的相关性。研究发现,中国企业倾向于在总体税负低、税收效率高且签订税收协定的东道国进行对外直接投资,但对东道国税收透明度的敏感程度不高;不同的行业对东道国税收环境敏感度也不同,批发和零售行业对东道国税收管理效率、税收透明度更为敏感,而制造业则对东道国税制复杂程度更为敏感。     

构建境外投资外汇支持机制问题探讨

近年来,我国境外直接投资已形成一定的规模,境外投资企业数量和境外直接投资总额均呈较快增长势态,如何破除境外投资发展瓶颈,支持“走出去”实体经济发展成为了当前亟待关注的问题,本文以推动境外投资为研究视角,分析了我国境外投资发展面临的主要问题,在此基础上,从外汇管理角度,对构建境外投资外汇支持机制进行了探讨,对改善境外投资外汇管理提出了相关建议。     

我国境外投资外汇管理制度创新思考

一、现行中国境外投资外汇管理政策的模式及其简评 1989年,经国务院批准,国家外汇管理局发布了<境外投资外汇管理办法>,其中规定了对境外投资外汇风险审查和外汇资金来源审查、境外投资外汇登记和投资外汇资金汇出核准,缴存和退还境外投资汇回利润保证金,境外企业利润调回,境外投资企业财务报表报备等一系列管理措施.随后发布的<境外投资外汇管理办法实施细则>(1990年)、<境外投资外汇风险审查和外汇资金来源审查的审批规范>(1993年)和<关于〈境外投资外汇管理办法〉的补充通知>(1995年),又分别对<境外投资外汇管理办法>作了细化.     

开放我国个人境外直接投资外汇管理政策的思考

逐步放开个人境外投资限制,允许个人有条件地开展境外投资项目,规范个人境外投资管理,已成为推进资本项目可兑换、促进国际收支平衡必须思考的课题之一.本文阐述了开放个人境外直接投资外汇管理的必要性和可行性,分析了个人境外直接投资外汇管理政策存在的问题,通过个人境外直接投资管理的国际经验比较,提出开放我国个人境外直接投资方式选择的思路.     

境外企业所得税征管的难点及对策

随着越来越多的中国企业走向海外,研究相应的税收征管问题,制定科学合理的征管方式,逐步完善和加强境外所得税征管显得尤为重要。本文分析了境外所得的监控环节及征管难点并结合我国境外所得税征管现状,提出了加强我国境外企业所得税征管的对策及建议。     

企业所得税优惠政策研究

本文从免税收入、免征减征企业所得税和降低税率三个方面,对国债利息收入、权益性投资收益、非营利组织收入、农林牧渔业项目所得、国家重点扶持的公共基础设施项目投资经营所得、环境保护节能节水项目所得、技术转让所得以及小型微利企业、高新技术企业的企业所得税优惠政策进行了分析,提出了若干实施和完善企业所得税优惠政策的建议。     

Human capital and optimal positive taxation of capital income

This paper analyzes optimal linear and non-linear taxes on capital and labor incomes in a life-cycle model of human capital investment, financial savings, and labor supply with heterogenous individuals. A dual income tax with a positive marginal tax rate on not only labor income but also capital income is optimal. The positive tax on capital income serves to alleviate the distortions of the labor tax on human capital accumulation. The optimal marginal tax rate on capital income is lower than that on labor income if savings are elastic compared to investment in human capital, substitution between verifiable and non-verifiable inputs in human capital formation is difficult, and most investments in human capital are verifiable so that education subsidies can directly reduce the tax wedge on learning. Numerical calculations suggest that the optimal marginal tax rate on capital income is substantial.     

ODI与我国企业所得税激励政策

税收激励是促进我国对外直接投资发展的重要税收政策手段。但是我国的现行对外直接投资企业所得税激励政策存在诸多问题,如政策导向性弱、避免国际重复征税的措施不健全等。在借鉴国外激励对外直接投资的税收政策基础上,我们提出明确ODI税收政策的区域和产业导向,进一步完善消除国际双重征税的措施等建议,以优化我国对外直接投资企业所得税激励政策。     

新企业所得税制对我国引进外资的影响及效应研究

本文通过对外商投资规模、产业结构、区域结构等方面的数据分析,研究2008年实施的新企业所得税制,相对减少外商投资企业税收优惠背景下,新企业所得税制实施对引进外资的影响及其效应。其结论是新企业所得税法实施后,虽然外商投资于中国境内的企业数量、绝对规模并未减少,且有一定增长趋势,但引资规模的增长幅度下降;投资于第一产业的企业数量和金额在三大产业中所占比重一直极低,投资于第二产业比例逐渐降低,投资于第三产业比例相对提高,对引导外商进入高新技术行业和基础设施建设激励不够明显。进而提出适度延长中西部地区企业所得税税收优惠期并加大优惠力度,对高新技术企业等实施一定期限的所得税免税优惠,适度延长基础设施建设的减免税期限或改变优惠方式等完善企业所得税制度的建议。     

Taxation and skills investment in frictional labor markets

This paper examines the effects of wage taxation and corporate income taxation on training investment in frictional labor markets. Because of labor market frictions, the wage structure is compressed and workers do not capture the entire return from their skills. As a result, both firms and workers have incentives to support part of the costs of training investments. The analysis shows that when decisions to invest in training are made by firms and workers acting cooperatively, a wage tax increases the level of investment in skills whereas a corporate income tax decreases it. In this case, the introduction of a small wage tax unambiguously increases efficiency. The effects of both types of taxes on training are reversed when investment decisions are taken by firms alone. In any case, a corporate income tax is not neutral with respect to decisions to invest in skills even if the full cost of investment is deducted from taxable income in the period when it is incurred and the tax system provides full loss offset.     

一个有远见的税收制度应当关注未来的税基——特朗普新税法的成本分析及政策建议

20世纪50年代以来,美国企业所得税税率持续下降,政府税收收入也处于较低水平。2017年,特朗普新税法的实施大幅度降低了企业所得税税率,导致政府税收损失远超预期。然而,新税法实施后,美国企业投资和长期经济增长并没有明显改善。本文认为,一个国家经济效率主要取决于税基而非税率,美国政府应通过税收制度改革,增加对企业投资和研发投入的激励,从而扩大税基,实现经济的长期改善。     

企业境外所得税收抵免制度研究

我国现行企业境外所得税收抵免制度主要包括国内税制和对外税收协定两个部分,目前还存在一些问题:分国限额抵免不利于企业走出去,对境内、境外所得进行成本费用分摊操作性差,亏损弥补的限制抑制了企业境外投资动力,返程投资居民企业国内税收无法抵免,允许间接抵免的企业层级过少,对税收饶让的限制加重了走出去企业的税收负担,超限额抵免结转限制造成税收抵免不足等。本文针对这些问题,提出了相应的改进建议。     

A SIMPLER CONSUMPTION-BASED ALTERNATIVE TO THE INCOME TAX FOR SOCIALIST ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION

The tax systems of socialist economies in transition will distortresource allocation, create inequities, and cause administrativeheadaches if not reformed. These countries have weak tax administrations,lack experience with mass taxes based on voluntary compliance,and need to encourage domestic saving and foreign investment.This article suggests an alternative to the conventional incometax that is more suited to these conditions. Attempting to tax real economic income raises complicated timingissues (when to recognize income and allow deductions) and mayrequire complex adjustments for inflation. The simplified alternativetax (SAT) avoids these complications and provides a generalincentive for saving and investment less subject to abuse ordistortions than tax holidays and other tax gimmicks in voguein countries emerging from socialism. The key elements of the SAT are separate taxes on income fromlabor and capital, immediate deduction for all business expenditures,no deduction for interest, and no taxation of interest or dividends.(Interest could be treated as under an income tax, at some cost.)Although the marginal effective tax rate is zero, the governmentshares in extraordinary returns to investment. The article discussespotential problems (including distributional implications, taxlosses, and foreign tax credits) as well as advantages of theSAT.      

Taxing multinationals in a world with portfolio flows and R&D: Is capital export neutrality obsolete?

This paper examines recent claims that capital export neutrality no longer serves as an effective principle for the taxation of income from foreign direct investment, due to the large and growing role played by portfolio capital in financing investment and to the recognition that R&D is an important determinant of international trade and investment. In our evaluation of these claims, we find capital export neutrality appears robust. Because both domestic and foreign activities may be financed with portfolio capital, and they both produce goods that compete in the world economy, there is no compelling reason to grant a lower tax to foreign income alone. Regarding the promotion of R&D or the entry of new competitors, cutting the tax on foreign income may be no more effective than cutting the tax on domestic income. A second focus of the paper is to calculate what the residual U.S. tax rate on active foreign income actually is. Based on 1990 data this rate is negative if foreign income is defined appropriately.