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转轨期国有与非国有企业绩效差异的根源探析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
改革开放以来,国有企业的绩效相对于非国有企业较为低下。对这一问题,经济学者们从不同角度进行了探讨,但均不能令人满意。论文在评述相关理论成果的基础上,对国有和非国有企业创新动力与能力进行了实证分析,认为:基于制度安排差异而导致的缺乏创新型人力资本、创新动力与能力双重不足,是转轨期国有企业相对于非国有企业绩效低下的根本原因。因此,从战略上改进国有企业绩效,应以创新型人力资本为核心,重塑国有企业制度创新战略。 相似文献
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个人所得税减免可有效激励员工工作,影响创新型人力资本结构和积累,进而影响企业全要素生产率。如何提升企业全要素生产率以助力企业实现高质量发展,是值得深入研究的话题。文章以2018年个人所得税改革为契机,选取2017~2020年A股上市公司为研究对象进行实证分析。研究发现:2018年的个人所得税改革促进了企业全要素生产率的提高,有利于企业高质量发展;衡量创新型人力资本的三个变量,包括人力资本效率、人力资本成本、人力资本结构均通过了中介效应检验,说明创新型人力资本在个人所得税改革影响企业全要素生产率的过程中起中介作用;个税改革提升企业全要素生产率的作用效果在规模大的企业、高新技术企业以及非经济发达地区的企业更加显著。 相似文献
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企业家人力资本与企业绩效:一个理论分析模型 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
传统观点认为,企业家能力和企业家努力水平是影响企业家人力资本与企业绩效关系的主要内生变量。本在分析已有研究成果的基础上,提出了一个基于企业家人力资本产权的企业家人力资本与企业绩效关系的分析模型,试图从更广泛和更深入的角度探讨企业家人力资本对企业绩效的影响,为理解转型期我国企业家人力资本对企业绩效的影响提供思路。 相似文献
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在界定创新型人力资本及其存量与水平的基础上,分析了创新型人力资本对经济增长的影响机理,并采用基于协整理论和向量自回归模型的分析方法,从存量与水平两个角度实证研究了创新型人力资本对我国经济增长的影响。结果显示,创新型人力资本在生产中越来越发挥出决定性作用;创新型人力资本存量与经济增长之间存在协整关系,创新型人力资本存量每增加1%会使得产出增加1.10368%;创新型人力资本水平与经济增长之间存在双向的Granger因果关系;创新型人力资本水平对经济增长的贡献呈现"倒U"型。 相似文献
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人才是企业创新的主体,合理的人力资本结构有助于企业发挥整体协同优势,提高企业科技创新绩效。基于我国2011—2021年沪深A股上市公司数据,分析人力资本结构对企业科技创新绩效的影响及作用机制,并检验高管技术背景在这一影响过程中的调节效应。结果发现:在企业人力资本结构中,学历结构高级化、技能结构多样化对企业科技创新绩效具有促进作用,随着拥有技术背景高管人数增加,人力资本学历结构高级化、技能结构多样性对科技创新绩效的激励作用显著增强。进一步研究发现,人力资本学历结构高级化对企业科技创新效率具有显著负向影响,表明现阶段我国企业尚未完成从要素驱动向创新驱动转型,亟需形成自主创新模式。 相似文献
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Health, Wealth, Fertility, Education, and Inequality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors use a new cross-country dataset to estimate the strength of the links between different dimensions of social and economic development, including indicators of health, fertility, and education, as well as material wellbeing. This differs from previous studies in employing data for different income groups in each country in order to provide direct evidence on factors driving inequality, and in using a unique measure of material wellbeing that does not rely on PPP comparisons. 相似文献
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A. Myrick Freeman III 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,26(3):493-494
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This study provides further evidence of the inflationary efects of the rates of growth of money supply, gross domestic product, efective exchange rate, and imported inflation for Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia using quarterly data from 1964 to 1990. In addition, it examines the Granger causality between inflation and money supply as well as between inflation and the real exchange rate in the countries under consideration. Most of the results are consistent with extant theory and empirical evidence. 相似文献
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Tan Li Larry D. Qiu 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2014,(4):529-555
In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics. 相似文献
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Thanh Le 《International economic journal》2013,27(3):391-408
This paper empirically investigates the role of trade, remittances, and institutions in economic development in a large sample of developing countries using recently developed instruments for all these variables. Both cross-country (over 30 years) and dynamic panel data (over 5-year periods) regressions of growth rates on instrumented trade, remittances, and institutions provide evidence of a significant impact of trade, institutions, and remittances on growth. While institutions foster growth, remittances hamper it. The effect of trade on growth is positive in cross-sectional regressions but ambiguous in dynamic panel data regressions. These results are indicative of a more important role for trade in explaining growth in the very long run compared with over shorter horizons. 相似文献