士官《飞机结构强度》教学方法探讨

在分析士官学员特点和《飞机结构强度》课程特点的基础上,从巧妙设置问题、运用对比分析、采用归纳总结、联系部队装备、结合生活常识、引用历史典故和补充前沿知识等方面探讨了《飞机结构强度》课程的教学方法,以期达到提高教学质量、改善教学效果的目的。     

Criteria for Justice

A bstract . Six different but common criteria for describing the meaning of distributive justice are examined. The six are (1) to each the same thing; (2) to each according to his or her merit or achievement; (3) to each according to his or her work or contribution; (4) to each according to his or her need or requirements; (5) to each according to his or her status or position; and (6) to each according to his or her contract or agreements. An attempt is made to show how these six can be viewed compatibly and how all support the right of equal access to land and the duty to pay to the community which created it the full economic rent on the site .     

Woman's work: Seeking identity through occupations

Most adult women now hold full-time jobs outside the home, and the proportion is growing. While women's labor market experiences and successes have come closer to men's experiences and successes, their attachment to a labor market career, at least for married women, is not the compulsion that it is and has been for men. While many women have won the right to go off to the corporate citadel every morning, they have more often than not retained the obligation to bear most of the responsebility for the home. Ideally, postfeminist women woumen would like to be able to strike a balance between the responsibilities of the job and home. In reality, they are forced to choose between the two. Women have a right to seek identity through work as well as through parenthood-as men have always done. Those few women who insist on the right to meaningful work and the right to a family will have to push for changes in the work place as hard as they had to push to gain admittance to the jobs in the first place.     

浅谈中专政治理论课教学的出路与对策

中专政治理论课在新的历史时期,如何适应时代的发展变化,如何突破原有的教育模式,如何提高育人实效,迎接时代的挑战。本文中专政治理论课要走出困境,其出路和对策入手,试图从中专政治理论课教学角度探讨作为切入点,分析中专政治理论课教学所面临的问题困境的根源。     

Leading to Learn

“You don't see to draw, you draw to see.” And then Fred said, “It's just the same for leadership, you don't learn to lead, you lead to learn.” The arts can teach us to stay with our senses and not know and in that way to provide a balance to the dominance of the analytic approaches to our organizational worlds. There is an old saying that you can only manage what you can measure. The arts can help us to work with what we cannot measure and the way to do that is by leading to learn. The current article explores the qualitatively different way in which the arts teach us to apprehend the world and how that is central to leadership.     

An assessment and ranking of barriers to doing environmental business with China

The transfer of environmental goods and services to China will increasingly be of importance to developed nations as the demand for environmental management services increases in China. A review of the literature on technology transfer to China revealed a range of well recognized and commonly known constraints to transferring technologies to China. There were gaps in the literature in relation to the concerns that environmental professionals have regarding technology transfer to China, as there is limited information on the transfer in environmental goods and services to China. A survey of the non‐trade barriers and their practical impact on the transfer of environmental technologies and goods and services to China, focusing on Australian suppliers, was undertaken to address these gaps. The survey, which was developed from barriers to technology transfer already described in the extensive research addressing the wider issues of technology transfer to China, targeted environmental professionals but also included other professionals with interests in transferring environmental goods and services to China. From the survey, the highest priority barriers to transferring environmental goods and service to China were identified, and those that are most likely to limit Australian vendors of environmental goods and services in their technology transfers to China were protection of intellectual property (IP), limitations of the rule of law, fragmentation and bureaucracy of the Chinese government and establishing appropriate level of ownership (of environmental goods and services providers in China). Examples of Australian experience were also examined, which confirmed these barriers to providing the needed technology and innovation to manage China's increasing environmental impacts. The research also shows that the barriers identified do not appear to be unique to transfer of environmental goods and services but rather generic to the transfer and adoption of Australian technology into China. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

Distribution of stock ratings and analyst recommendation revision

With the implementation of NASD Rule 2711 in 2002, each brokerage firm is now required to publicly disseminate the distribution of stock ratings in each research report. Hence, this paper investigates the relationship between the percentage of buy recommendations and probability of deciding to downgrade or drop coverage of stocks. Our findings suggest that the percentage of buy recommendations can enhance the probability of deciding to downgrade stock ratings and drop coverage of stocks. Furthermore, we find that analysts tend to revise their recommendations downward to hold instead of an unfavorable level. In addition, we find the market tends to heed downgrade decisions of analysts with a higher percentage of buy ratings. This finding is consistent with Barber, Lehavy, McNichols, and Trueman (2006) by applying data at the broker level.This study further investigates the changing dynamic in buy ratio of analysts by partitioning pre and post regulatory reform period. We show that analysts are more likely to revise their ratings to hold and less likely to revise their ratings to sell; in particular after post regulatory reform. Moreover, we observe one key coefficient in the post-Rule period with superior performance in contrast to the pre-Rule period. Compared to the results in the pre-Rule period, the results show that analysts are more likely to revise their ratings to hold and less likely to revise ratings to sell, and more likely to drop coverage of stocks in the post-Rule period. Overall, our findings suggest that the implementation of Rule 2711 will contribute to reduce analysts’ optimistic stock ratings.     

浅析古镇老街的改造与保护

文章通过广西贵港市平南县思旺古镇东街改造,分析如何对传统街区进行判读,并提出保护复兴的具体措施,以使地方历史文化遗产得以传承,并走上可持续发展之路。     

A theory of socially inefficient patent holdout

This paper proposes a framework to analyze holdout in patent licensing negotiations. We show that when the validity of a patent is probabilistic, a potential downstream user has incentives to shun to pay the price offered by a patent holder to license the technology and risk being brought to court. These incentives are exacerbated when jurisdictions are local, and the downstream producer can approach courts sequentially. The informational spillovers across trials imply that this firm often finds optimal to go to court aiming to invalidate the patent in a jurisdiction due to the knock-on effect on future jurisdictions. This process results in excessive litigation compared to when the jurisdiction is global. The distortions from sequential litigation are likely to be aggravated when final competition is accounted for or when patent injunctions are not allowed.     

“蛋白质与酶工程”专业课程的教学改革实践及启示

"蛋白质与酶工程"理论课程是生物学基础专业教学的重要组成部分。依据"蛋白质与酶工程"理论课程设置的特点,探索新的教学模式,加强双向交流,强化教学内容,培养学生自主学习能力;注重学习形式,增加创新实践,努力提高学生的专业综合素质;紧密结合其他专业发展趋势,加强现代科学素养意识培养。通过理论和实践的结合,获得良好的课程教学效果,努力培养二十一世纪高素质创新型、应用型人才,为国家输送合格的从事酶工程研究及生产的专业技术人才。     

Gearing up for the 1990s

It would be difficult to address personnel issues in this article, due to the complexities inherent in staffing requirement. However, the approach discussed here is to keep systems simple yet controlled, and to make information available to reduce orientation and training time. By having many of the systems discussed in place, materiel management should be able to react quickly to the hospital's changing needs. In addition, controlling qualitative assets and measuring performance is accomplished, allowing feedback to administration from both a performance and a potential standpoint. By ensuring that the present system is working as efficiently as it was designed, and by having key indicators in place to monitor that performance, the foundations will be in place to react to changing demands on space, inventory investment, and staffing. Having the proper tools to react to these pressures in a professional manner will be necessary to ensure that the logistical systems meet the requirements of the institution as it approaches the 21st century.     

温州中心城市功能重构

分析了温州中心城区的功能定位,提出应当培育三大核心功能:第一,构建制造业垂直分工体系,强化生产性服务功能;第二,发展独占性资源产业,提升流通服务功能;第三,培育知识密集型产业,增强流通服务功能.最后,结合温州的发展现状及区位优势,提出了建立区域协调机制,重构产业体系与构建综合交通体系等三点对策建议.     

基于顾客价值的市场创新途径研究

目前,大多数的企业都是通过激烈的竞争来争取产品的市场占有率,争取顾客。惯性的思维是,在本行业的现有市场中将产品和服务做到最好,以争取既定的顾客。从打破行业界限、打破顾客界限、打破产品功能导向界限三个方面探讨了市场创新的途径,为企业开辟新的市场空间提供了一些途径。     

基于SCOR的制造企业供应链建模研究

制造全球化使得制造企业之间的竞争转向为供应链之间的竞争．取得供应链成功的关键在于如何有效地评价企业供应链的运作情况。持续地改进企业内、外部流程,从而找到适合本企业供应链管理的最优方法。SCOR模型正是这样一种工具．旨在帮助企业找到适合的供应链管理方法。文章在SCOR9．0的基础上．通过研究制造企业供应链网络中实体的住最以及各实体间物流、信息流的关系,结合制造企业供应链的特点．对制造企业供应链建模方法进行了研究。     

New Technology in Unionized Firms: Advantages of Mandatory Bargaining

U.S. Labor Law currently allows employers whose work forces are unionized to introduce new technologies without bargaining over the decision to do so. This forces unions to adopt inefficient strategies when negotiating collective bargaining agreements in an effort to minimize the impact of technological change on their members. Allowing unions to bargain over the decision to introduce new technologies would obviate their having to resort to these inefficient strategies. In addition, it might increase the likelihood of employees suggesting alterations in production processes that would increase the rate of technological change. For these reasons, this article advocates amending U.S. labor law to require employers to bargain over the introduction of new technologies.     

做好统一思想工作 促进企业经济发展

统一思想,步调一致,解放思想,开拓创新,是企业永葆旺盛活力的关键所在。如何让企业全体员工统一思想,步调一致,解放思想,开拓创新,进一步推动企业发展,永盛不衰呢？这就要求企业领导干部凡事要以身作则,深入基层,深入群众,科学管理,讲究民主,善于学习,与时俱进,开拓创新,筹谋发展,运用科学发展的理论,转换企业经营机制,以市场经济为导向,带领广大职工,不断推动企业经济发展,贡献社会,改善民生。     

The right to the city

The right to the city is not merely a right of access to what already exists, but a right to change it. We need to be sure we can live with our own creations. But the right to remake ourselves by creating a qualitatively different kind of urban sociality is one of the most precious of all human rights. We have been made and re‐made without knowing exactly why, how, and to what end. How then, can we better exercise this right to the city? But whose rights and whose city? Could we not construct a socially just city? But what is social justice? Is justice simply whatever the ruling class wants it to be? We live in a society in which the inalienable rights to private property and the profit rate trump any other conception of inalienable rights. Our society is dominated by the accumulation of capital through market exchange. To live under capitalism is to accept or submit to that bundle of rights necessary for endless capital accumulation. Free markets are not necessarily fair. Worse still, markets require scarcity to function. The inalienable rights of private property and the profit rate lead to worlds of inequality, alienation and injustice. The endless accumulation of capital and the conception of rights embedded threin must be opposed and a different right to the city must be asserted politically. Derivative rights (like the right to be treated with dignity) should become fundamental and fundamental rights (of private property and the profit rate) should become derivative. But new rights can also be defined: like the right to the city which is not merely a right of access to what the property speculators and state planners define, but an active right to make the city different, to shape it more in accord with our heart's desire, and to re‐make ourselves thereby in a different image.     

财经应用文写作技能的培养

为了增强学生的写作兴趣及其写作技巧,根据这几年的教学经验,笔者总结出以下两点:一是读。只有大量的阅读,才能够掌握财经应用文的特点规律,建立财经应用文各文种的模式和表达方式,达到感性与理性的有机结合。二是练。在写作训练环节中,笔者采用了"同一材料反复练"、"常用文体重点练"、"就地取材经常练"的方法,取得了很好的效果。     

The entrepreneurial motivation in academia: a multidimensional construct

In this paper we propose a model to analyse the motivation of academic entrepreneurs that comprises six dimensions: personal, relating to the entrepreneurial opportunity, to scientific knowledge, to the availability of resources, to the incubator organization, and to the social environment. The model is tested based on information from a survey administered to 152 Spanish academic entrepreneurs. Our results show that entrepreneurial opportunity is not part of the entrepreneurial motivation, but is of the utmost importance to academic entrepreneurs. Also, we find the scientific knowledge is the main driver of entrepreneurial activity in the academia.