试论ISO9000：2000标准的创建及其与相关标准的关系

简述ISO900系列标准的创建与修改，分析ISO9001国际标准1994版与2000版，2000版ISO9001与ISO9004，2000版ISO9001与ISO14001的区别及关系。     

Achieving competitive advantage through implementing a replicable management standard: Installing and using ISO 9000

This paper investigates the effects of implementing the international standard ISO 9000 on measures of business and operating performance. Based on the literature and a case study we identified two stages in implementing ISO 9000—(1) Installation, which has two dimensions: (a) external coordination and (b) integration; and (2) Usage, which also has two dimensions: (a) in daily practice and (b) as a catalyst for change. The hypotheses were that installation of ISO 9000 is positively related to use of ISO 9000, and use of ISO 9000 is positively related to operating performance. In addition, use of ISO 9000 is positively related to business performance since operating performance is positively related to business performance. We used hierarchical linear models (HLM) to test our hypotheses and validated the results by comparing the longitudinal performance of ISO 9000 certified companies with four matched samples of companies that were not ISO 9000 certified. Our analysis indicated that while the installation stage was necessary to successfully implement ISO 9000, organizations achieved a distinct operating advantage from this replicable standard when they used it in daily practice and as a catalyst for change. These findings were based on responses to a survey of 1150 quality managers in 924 organizations, which was supplemented for about one-third of the organizations with longitudinal information from the Compustat database on the organizations’ business and operating performance. The validation indicated that implementing the ISO 9000 standard led to improved operating performance, but that this outcome did not necessarily or automatically yield better business performance.     

An examination of ISO 9000:2000 and supply chain quality assurance

ISO 9000:2000 is the latest version of the quality standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard aims to evaluate a firm's ability to effectively design, produce, and deliver quality products and services. This version of the standard tries to enhance customer satisfaction by including more top-management involvement and continual improvement. Despite widespread international acceptance, the new standard is surrounded by controversy similar to that surrounding its predecessor, the 1994 version. The literature is clearly divided in its assessment of ISO 9000:2000, which is viewed as either a quality management (QM)-based system or as another paper-driven process that increases risk, uncertainty, and costs. This study utilizes case-based research to address the competing views of the ISO 9000:2000 standard in an attempt to see if a sample of firms in the automotive industry can be positioned within the Miles and Snow [Miles, R.E., Snow, C.C., 1978. Organizational Strategy, Structure and Process. McGraw-Hill, New York] strategic typology. We compare different amounts of quality standard integration and quality assurance in the supply chain of firms with ISO 9000:2000 registration while positing several research propositions.     

ISO／TC176修订ISO9000族的基本思路

介绍了ＩＳＯ／ＴＣ１７６ 修订ＩＳＯ９０００ 族标准的要因、２０００ 年版ＩＳＯ９０００ 族的主要特点，以及各类组织应如何对待修订中的ＩＳＯ９０００族标准。     

ISO 9000 practices and financial performance: A technology coherence perspective

Attention to processes has increased, as thousands of organizations have adopted process-focused programs such as TQM and ISO 9000. Proponents of such programs stress the promise of improved efficiency and profitability. But research has not consistently borne out these prospects. Moreover, the expectation of universal benefits is not consistent with research highlighting the important role of firm-specific capabilities in sustaining competitive advantage. In this paper, we use longitudinal panel data on ISO 9000 practices for firms in the auto supplier industry to study two new issues related to the adoption of process management practices. First, we find that, as the majority of firms within an industry adopt ISO 9000, late adopters no longer gain financial benefits from these practices. Second, we explore how firms’ technological coherence moderates the performance advantages of ISO 9000 practices. We find that firms that have a very narrow or very broad technological focus have fewer opportunities for complementary interactions that arise from process management practices and thus benefit less than those with limited breadth in technologically related activities.     

聚焦ISO9001：2000——关于汽车行业认证标准转换的研讨

介绍了2000版ISO9000族标准的主要特点,分析了企业中新老认证标准的转换问题,并就汽车行业对ISO9001：2000进行删减的原则和做法进行了探讨。     

2008版ISO9001标准及其实施建议

文章介绍了2008版ISO／FDIS 9001《质量管理体系要求》标准的起草情况以及相对于2000版标准的主要变化,根据2008年5月第25届ISO／TC 176大会的决议,提出了我国企业实施新版ISO 9001标准的对策建议。     

如何按照2008版IS09001标准对QMS进行换版

IS09001：2008标准已于2008年11月15日正式发布,各认证企业均面临将原来符合IS09001：2000标准的质量管理体系,通过修订升级为符合IS09001：2008标准的质量管理体系,在这个过程中到底应该如何应对,是企业面临的紧迫而又无法回避的问题。     

A critical examination of the ability of ISO 9000 certification to lead to a competitive advantage

The ISO 9000 series of standards has formalized systems for evaluating the ability of any firm to consistently design, produce, and deliver quality products and services. Despite its widespread international acceptance, ISO 9000 is surrounded by controversy and criticism. The literature is clearly divided in its assessment of ISO 9000, which is viewed as either a variant of Total Quality Management (TQM) or a paper-driven process of limited value. The primary objective of this article is to address the competing views of the standard in an attempt to show that ISO 9000 certification can be leveraged into a competitive advantage.     

核安全法规与ISO9001:2000标准的运用

本文对核安全法规(IAEA50-C/SG-Q(96))与ISO9001:2000标准进行了对比分析,并通过案例阐述了如何依据核安全法规与ISO9001:2000标准建立和实施质量管理体系。     

Economic Cost-Effectiveness of the Implementation of the Quality Standard ISO 9001 in the Health Sector

The quality standard ISO 9001 helps and enables organizations, regardless of the sector where they exist, to implement the quality management properly. Recent years have attracted attention to the possibilities of implementing this standard in the health sector and the economic viability of that long-term investment. Health care organizations are recognizing the value system that combines all the criteria for managing quality, including management of business, compliance and management of procedural steps, and most importantly, the total quality management. In general, the implementation of ISO 9001：2008 standard for quality in health care institutions is seen as an opportunity to improve the quality of health care, and the entire process is to be completed by reducing costs and improving services in the sector. The implementation of a quality standard is directed towards patients, medical staff, and management in order to achieve reduction and complete relief from the pain, correct and professional services, conducted services with an appropriate skilled and professional care to obtain results that are comparable to known standards, and protection services with appropriate insurance policies, and the management expects the implementation of a quality system to justify and return their investments. The methods used in this paper are based on the quality standard ISO 9001：2008--Quality Management System and the Guidelines for Improving Performance, developed based on ISO 9004：2000： Quality Management System-43uidelines for Continuous Improvement. These guidelines contain a big part of the text in ISO 9004：2000, but they are supplemented with specific guidelines for their implementation in the health sector. The implementation of the system and monitoring guidelines evidently contributes to the overall resolution and closure of problems in over 50% of cases. This not only results in saving money for the institution, but it also globally leads to reduced variations in the healing process. Expected benefits     

道路货运企业贯彻ISO9001:2000标准的有关问题研究

对我国道路货运企业贯彻ISO9001:2000标准存在的问题划为三种类型进行剖析,对其质量管理体系运作的机理和实施的方法进行阐述,针对我国道路货运企业质量管理体系建立过程的具体情况,依据ISO9000体系八项原则的要求,提出了一系列具体的对策,研究结论对运输型物流企业同样适用。     

2008版ISO9001标准的具体变化以及GB／T19001的起草情况

文章介绍了2008版ISO9001《质量管理体系要求》标准相对与2000版的具体变化以及2008版GB／T19001《质量管理体系要求》国家标准的起草情况。     

对"生产和服务提供过程的确认"的理解与审核

结合ISO9001:2000标准7.5.2条款中对生产和服务提供过程的确认的论述,针对这一问题的不同理解进行了深入的剖析,对如何在审核时处理这一问题提出了建议。     

The impact of contextual factors on the efficacy of ISO 9000 adoption

This study investigates the importance of contextual factors on the efficacy of ISO 9000 adoption. We explore the role of various contextual factors at the firm-level (i.e., technology intensity, labor productivity, and labor intensity) and industry-level (i.e., industry efficiency level, industry competitiveness, industry sales growth, and industry ISO 9000 adoption level) that potentially impact the efficacy of ISO 9000 adoption. We carry out a hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis based on objective financial data from 438 U.S. manufacturing firms. The results show that firms with low technology intensity, low labor productivity and high labor intensity reap more benefit from ISO 9000 adoption. Firms in industries with low efficiency levels, high competition, high sales growth and low ISO 9000 adoption levels also obtain more benefit from the adoption. Our research provides supporting evidence for the context-dependent proposition of ISO 9000 adoption. Given the significant costs and resources involved, it is crucial for operations managers to assess to what extent ISO 9000 might benefit their performance before embarking on the implementation process.     

The effect of quality management and participation in decision-making on individual performance

The major objective of the study was to analyze the effects of total quality management (TQM) on improvement efforts and individual performance. Employee response to quality management (QM) and the perceived degree of participation in decision-making (PDM) were considered the major factors affecting employee improvement efforts. The improvement effort factor was expected to influence employee performance. Subjects were 208 employees in three industrial organizations applying TQM in Israel. Three causal models were suggested and tested by means of structural equation modeling using lisrel. The results supported the proposed model. The findings revealed that the influence of PDM on improvement efforts is considerably higher than that of QM. This finding suggests that PDM is the most important component of the TQM process that affects improvement efforts and individual performance. Therefore, ISO 9000 that does not include PDM may not impact individual performance.     

Seeing the Need for ISO 14001

ABSTRACT    Many firms worldwide have adopted environmental management systems, and some have taken the extra step and had their systems certified for the international standard ISO 14001. While institutional pressures and market demand often motivate firms to adopt an EMS, the reasons why they certify for ISO 14001 are less clear. In this study, we interviewed members of the Canadian pulp and paper industry who had either an EMS or ISO 14001 certification to understand why they may have become ISO 14001 certified. We found that task visibility and environmental impact opacity lead to differences in a firm's approach to ISO 14001 certification in the absence of coercive pressures.     

ISO／DIS9001：2000对设计和开发输入的规定值得商榷

对２０００版ＩＳＯ／ＤＩＳ９００１标准草案中设计和开发输入的规定质疑,建议删除有关设计途径方面的内容,增加生产纲领、产品等级规定和投资额等信息。     

企业应用ISO／TS16949特殊要求的研究

ISO／TS16949是在ISO9001标准的丛础上,结合汽车行业的特殊要求所形成的技术规范。大多数汽车行业配套企业都是在ISO9001质量体系的基础上升级至TS16949体系,然而TS16949增加的特殊要求有近百项之多,如何有效地升级是企业需要面对的问题。为此,本文对这些特殊要求进行了系统分类,提出了建立“以过程为单位的管控体系”、“多角度的审核体系”、“五大工具应用体系”3个系统的升级思路。     

浅谈2000版ISO9000标准在企业质量管理中的运用

2000版的标准发布实施,使得质量管理体系进一步发展。文章论述了实施ISO9001标准的关键,以及如何运用ISO9004标准保证企业质量管理体系的有效实施。