降低平面无线调车机控器故障停时的措施

平面无线调车机控器是铁路运输调车作业的核心设备,由于调车作业频繁等多种原因,故障率逐年增加。通过对影响该设备故障停时的各种原因进行分析,制定了一系列的解决方案,从根本上降低了故障停时。     

HT-Ⅲ型机车控制器改进

1.电源 机控器主板电源芯片LM350频繁烧坏,只有电源指示灯亮(电源板工作正常),机控器所有功能失效,无法根据调车组发出的调车指令操纵机车. 改进措施 LM350为集成稳压芯片,虽然其最大输出电流为3A,但机控器结构造成LM350散热不足,当其输出电流为2A时,易烧坏.经过试验分析,将LM350更换为LM2673组成的电源单元模块,提高主板电源的负载能力和抗干扰能力,效果良好.     

大型挤压机齿轮箱振动故障分析

采用离线振动数据采集器,采集齿轮箱内部的振动速度信号,进行频谱分析,判断齿轮箱内部的故障部位及程度,避免设备事故的发生及计划外停车。     

厚煤层大断面调车硐室支护技术

本文分析了王家岭煤矿大断面切眼调车硐室围岩的破坏机理,数值模拟计算调车硐室的围岩变形特征,设计了调车硐室的最佳支护方案并应用于工程实践,对其进行矿压观测,效果良好。     

调车手持台电池性能分析及安全防控措施

铁路调车手持台故障严重危害铁路安全生产，调车手持台电池性能是造成调车手持台故障的主要因素，造成其池性能下降主要原因是电池内部老化、部件生锈、接触不良、充放电操作不当等。在使用一定时期后，使用单位也缺乏有效的检测标准来界定该电池是否符合继续使用标准，无法把控设备使用风险。分析调车手持台电池性能下降的原因，提出安全风防范关键项点，确保设备使用安全。     

轮式自行设备液压制动故障诊断

轮式自行设备 (某些车辆、工程机械、农机等 )液压制动系统一般由踏板制动总泵、制动管路、制动分缸和制动器等组成。液力传动的柔性和弹性使液压制动具有了较好的灵敏性、可靠性和制动力的均匀分配性能。装有液压制动系统的轮式自行设备 ,在行驶中出现液压制动不灵故障时 ,驾驶员尽管将制动踏板踏到底 ,但设备仍出现制动速度慢 ,制动效能不良 ,制动距离长等现象 ,对于该故障的诊断 ,通常采用下述简易方法进行 :1 一脚制动不灵 ,连续踏下制动踏板时 ,踏板位置逐渐升高 ,并且制动效果良好 ,这说明踏板自由行程过大或制动鼓与摩擦蹄片间的间隙…     

煤矿电滚筒胶带输送机液压下滑制动装置

针对电滚筒皮带机,设计一套液压下滑制动装置,安装在机头部位,在皮带机下行运输停车时,利用液压为动力,进行胶带制动,防止下滑事故发生。     

铁路新技术设备的运用和维修管理

本文对铁路运输中采用的新技术装备--无线调车设备和车尾设备的维修管理提出了建设性意见.     

半波能耗制动的探讨与应用

在机械加工设备中有95％的设备使用交流异步电动机作动力源,所以,异步电动机的制动问题,是提高生产率,保护人身安全和设备安全的关键。使用单相半波整流作能耗制动电源,因为达不到制动效果,便被人们遗弃。故而,至今使用的能耗制动是采用专用变压器降压,配桥式整流线路作制动电源。但是,因为需要配置专用变压器,所以用得不多。     

变频调速技术在煤矿提升机中的应用

兖州矿业（集团）公司南屯煤矿对提升机变频调速控制的特殊功能进行了研究。 （1）特殊功能：①直流制动作用。提升机配用变频器,直流制动功能对系统的安全运行起重要作用。当重车在井筒中停车时,变频器由高速平滑地降到低速,随之施加直流制动信号使提升机停止,机械制动起作用后方去掉直流制动信号,使重车靠机械抱闸作用停止在中间。     

Paradoxical implications of personal social media use for work

New information and communication technologies can have paradoxical implications: they may be liberating and constraining at the same time. This field study examines the direct implications of personal social media use for work on employees’ autonomy and work pressure, and the indirect effects on exhaustion and work engagement. A total of 364 employees of three large multinationals responded to a web‐based survey. Results demonstrate the presence of a paradox, as social media for work is associated positively with both autonomy and work pressure. SNS use has indirect effects on exhaustion and engagement through autonomy, and on exhaustion through work pressure, but not on engagement through work pressure. Furthermore, one's responsiveness to colleagues’ communication decreases the relation between use and autonomy, although not between use and work pressure. Overall, employees seem more likely to be burdened by the use of social media for work than benefit from it, but managing one's responsiveness can help.     

Experiencing Part‐Time Work: Temporal Tensions,Social Relations and the Work–Family Interface

Part‐time work is commonly depicted as positive for women workers and their experience of work and home. Drawing on the qualitative commentaries of lower‐level service workers, this study explores the temporal, social and interpersonal consequences of part‐time work. While many employees liked part‐time work, there was evidence that fragmented work schedules, mandated overtime and difficulties in taking time off work created tensions and problems for women in both the work and family domains. Inferior treatment also punctuated the work experiences of a number of part‐time employees and served to underline their differential work status.     

建立油田企业现场设备质量监督体系

结合胜利油田开展现场设备质量监督的实际。分析了现场设备质量监督工作的必要性，介绍了现场设备质量监督工作的具体做法和经验。提出了进一步加强现场设备质量监督工作的思路。     

Is Good Work Good for Democracy? Work,Change at Work and Political Participation in Canada and England

This article draws on data from 750 Canadian and 450 English workers to systematically explore the implications of work for political participation, addressing whether ‘good’ work, and recent trends identified in work and employment, appear to be good for political participation. It finds that various aspects of work and of the work experience, many of which have been associated with recent trends, can have significant implications. However, these implications tend to differ for ‘passive’ and ‘active’ forms of participation and to be weak for the former. Moreover, characteristics that might be associated with ‘good’ work have negative as well as positive spillovers, suggesting contradictory effects and reducing the net positive effects of good jobs. Finally, there is some (albeit limited) evidence of cross‐national differences, especially with regard to the implications of union representation.     

煤炭企业工作分享机制适用性综合评价研究

工作分享机制对提高员工的工作满意度,减少人才流失有着重要的作用。阐明煤炭企业实施工作分享机制的意义,初步提出一套评价煤炭企业工作分享机制适用性的层次模型,运用层次分析法与灰色关联分析法相结合的综合评价方法,对煤炭企业工作分享机制适用性进行了综合评价。     

It's all about games: enterprise and entrepreneurialism in digital games

This article aims to contrast benign notions of ‘free’ and ‘creative’ work in the context of labour market conditions and employment relationships. Empirical research reveals the exploitative and precarious nature of work in the experiences of self‐employed digital game developers and charts the responses of developers to unstable and insecure working conditions. Building on work by Pongratz and Voß, Haunschild and Eikhof, and Bergvall‐Kåreborn and Howcroft, this study finds that a typical response to increasing instability in the labour market is to adopt more enterprising and entrepreneurial behaviour in order to find work. This article illustrates the consequences for developers by highlighting examples of self‐exploitation, which is fuelled by a passion for work and is where entrepreneurial practices lead to long working hours, unpaid work and a blurring of work–life boundaries.     

Business travellers' connections to home: ICTs supporting work‐life balance

This paper examines the role of information communication technology in enabling connections to home for work‐related travellers. Although digital connectivity for work‐related tasks are well researched, the use of digital technology for home communication is under‐researched. The study draws on a qualitative study of UK‐based organisations and business travellers to explore how these travellers use ICTs for personal use while ‘on the move’. The findings reveal that organisations are supportive of work‐life balance for employees, but fail to consider specific needs of those whose work takes them away from home. For business travellers, insights are gained into practices around connecting to home and the value of this virtual presence for relationships with family while absent and work‐life balance. The study identifies and discusses practice occurring around three activities; checking in, maintaining relationships with home and sharing experiences.     

Work–Life Imbalance in Call Centres and Software Development

The paper evaluates the centrality of work to employees in two growing employment sectors, call‐centres and software development. It then examines evidence for extensions of work into household and family life in these two sectors. Extensions are identified as tangible, such as unpaid overtime, or intangible, represented by incursions imported from work, such as exhaustion and stress. The study finds that organizational pressures, combined with lack of work centrality, result in work intruding into non‐work areas of employee lives, though intrusions manifest themselves in different ways according to type of work, levels of worker autonomy and organizational support.     

Institutional means-ends decoupling work in industrial R&D project implementation

Managing goals is a key network management function and is critical in the implementation of industrial R&D projects. In this paper, we explore the implementation of an industrial R&D project, focusing in particular upon the role of means-ends decoupling work to understand how the goals are managed. We combine several data sources in our case research to explore project implementation through an understanding of means-ends decoupling work. We collected in-depth interviews, archival records and field observations within the R&D research setting of an industrial R&D project in the period of 2015 to 2017. Our findings identify three types of means-ends decoupling work in R&D project implementation: ‘work on’ causal complexity, ‘work at’ behavioural invisibility, and ‘work with’ practice multiplicity. In addition, we uncover six dynamic micro-mechanisms that collectively influence the making and nature of means-ends decoupling work and therefore serve to allow for the fluid switching of work as the institutional conditions permit. Overall, our findings have significant implications for understanding means-ends decoupling as a highly skilled network competence for managing R&D project implementation goals.     

‘Work always wins’: client colonisation,time management and the anxieties of connected freelancers

This article focuses on ‘connected freelancers’ as a category of teleworkers and examines the pressures placed on their work‐home balance by their relationship with clients. Based on diaries, questionnaires and interviews, it reveals that, while connected freelancers do not generally work excessively long hours, they do work irregular hours. This is because ‘work always wins’ in a conflict with domestic commitments, a phenomenon the article dubs ‘client colonisation’. Client colonisation was a source of anxiety for respondents, who found themselves continually thinking about the current and future projects on which their livelihoods depend. The article illustrates the porous ways in which they interleave work with non‐work activities and contrasts traditional ‘monochronic’ forms of work with emerging ‘polychronic’ forms, which erode work‐home boundaries. It concludes that a new model of work—one in which individual patterns of control over work‐home balance are paramount—already coexists alongside traditional models but is still insufficiently socially understood and accepted.