省际边界、方言边界和一价定律

逐步打破和消除市场分割,建立统一开放的市场体系,促进要素的合理流动及优化资源配置是我国经济转型时期面临的重要任务。本文使用1998-2010年123个地级市的月度价格数据,在一价定律框架下分析了27种服务品的短期价格偏差与省际边界、方言边界的关系。研究发现:(1)教育、医疗服务存在显著的省际边界效应,而其他服务的省际边界效应较弱;(2)教育服务还存在显著的方言边界效应,其中小学、初中、高中学习阶段的方言边界效应系数显著;(3)在考虑了样本异质性和样本选择偏误后,结果仍然稳健。上述研究结果反映出依附于行政边界的户籍制度通过影响教育、医疗受益性增加了劳动力省际转移的隐性成本,而地区间的方言差异通过影响随迁子女的教育进一步增加了劳动力跨区域流动的阻力。     

无套利定价理论及未来研究方向

本文首先对以无套利假设作为理论基础的经典金融资产定价理论进行了梳理。然后,基于经典理论的预测结果与实际金融市场数据不能很好吻合的事实,以及行为金融学所指出的无套利定价理论的局限性,提出以一价定律作为金融资产定价的理论出发点具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

新会计准则与公司理财

新会计准则作为规范会计核算行为的法规，对公司理财产生影响。本文论述了祈会计准则的王黉符新会计准则下公司理财面临的机遇与挑战、以及公司财务关系人应采取的对策措施。     

电子商务与公司理财浅析

从电子商务入手 ,分析了现代企业理财模式在电子商务环境下受到的冲击和挑战 ,并从组织结构、财务软件、法律法规等方面浅析了改革和完善公司理财系统的几点对策。     

农业银行公司理财业务发展研究

随着中国经济的快速发展和金融市场的日渐完善,企业、事业单位及社会团体等对公客户的富余资金也逐渐增多,其理财业务的需求随之迫切增加.本文以中国农业银行(以下简称农行)为具体研究对象,结合农行公司理财业务发展现状,从产品特点、客户细分、绩效考核、理财队伍、品牌建设等入手,提出了农行公司理财业务发展的相关建议,以提高农行公司理财业务发展水平,增加非利息收入来源,扩展盈利渠道,调整农行的盈利结构,并为农行带来较为稳定的中高端客户群,切实提高农行中间业务收入水平.     

理财教育融入课堂教学的路径思考——以《公司理财》为例

培养大学生"智商"和"情商"的同时,增强其"财商"的培养,是社会的一种无形资产投资.笔者以《公司理财》课堂教学切入,通过树立大数据理财思维、分解教学内容,调研、分析综合的财务典型案例等环节循序渐进的融入理财教育,以达到提高课堂教学质量、提高高职办学特色,实现培养一流优质高职学生的目标.     

ESOP在公司理财中的作用

ESOP一般被认为是企业激励机制和员工福利机制,实际上,ESOP的作用远不止如此,在公司理财的各个环节都可以发挥强大的作用。本文以成熟市场经济国家的员工持股计划为例,探析ESOP在筹资、成本管理、税收筹划、风险管理、资本运营等环节中的作用,为推动ESOP在深化国企业改革中的应用提出建议。     

论财务报表在公司理财中的作用

随着经济社会的发展进步,财务报表作为反映企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量情况的信息载体,越来越受到人们的关注.财务报表分析不仅在企业的生产经营活动中发挥着重要作用,而且是企业各方利益相关者做出正确决策的重要依据.本文先就财务报表的内容进行基本介绍,然后详细分析其在公司理财中的重要作用及可能存在的局限性,最后得出结论要客观进行财务报表分析,促进企业长久发展.     

金融衍生品市场不具有价格发现功能北大核心

金融衍生品市场具有价格发现功能的理由与现实金融市场不符,实证研究也不能证实金融衍生品市场具有价格发现功能。金融衍生品市场总体上没有价格发现功能的原因:第一,期货市场价格不能实现对同期现货价格的合理引领,金融衍生品的期价格发现功能即使存在也没有意义;第二,金融衍生品预测或发现不了未来的现货价格;第三,金融衍生品与基础产品价格变动的影响因素相同,不存在谁引领谁的问题;第四,金融衍生品价格由于其决定因素十分复杂,并不能合理反映基础产品的预期价值;第五,发现金融基础资产的价值或理论价格另有途径,并非是衍生品交易。不少研究者和实际工作者认为金融衍生品市场具有价格发现功能是由于方法论、认识论错误所致:一是把衍生品价格发现功能当作公理性前提,对于大量不支持金融衍生品具有价格发现功能的计量结果,不是据此对价格发现功能存疑,而是无根据地把价格发现功能的缺失归咎于某种客观原因,不正视实证结果,从而犯了逻辑错误;二是对一些似乎证实了金融衍生品具有价格发现功能的计量结果,把相关关系误当作因果关系,未能将计量分析与事实分析、机理分析结合起来。     

公司委托理财的风险分析与控制

所谓委托理财，是指证券公司或投资公司接受客户委托，通过证券市场对客户资产进行有效管理和运作，在严格遵守客户委托意愿的前提下，在尽可能确保客户委托资产安全的基础上，实现资产保值增值的一项业务。自1999年起，委托理财这一新的投资渠道逐步为上市公司所看重，随之而来的丰厚回报更是让众多参与其中的公司喜上眉梢。于是大批“闲置”资金被     

Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance

A combined treatment of corporate finance and corporate governance is herein proposed. Debt and equity are treated not mainly as alternative financial instruments, but rather as alternative governance structures. Debt governance works mainly out of rules, while equity governance allows much greater discretion. A project-financing approach is adopted. I argue that whether a project should be financed by debt or by equity depends principally on the characteristics of the assets. Transaction-cost reasoning supports the use of debt (rules) to finance redeployable assets, while non-redeployable assets are financed by equity (discretion). Experiences with leasing and leveraged buyouts are used to illustrate the argument. The article also compares and contrasts the transaction-cost approach with the agency approach to the study of economic organization.     

行为金融学与公司财务

在公司决策中，经理人和董事会成员需要识别公司价值最大化过程中的两个主要行为学阻碍，一个在公司内部，另一个在公司外部。     

Postmodern Corporate Finance

One of the core tenets of modern finance theory is that corporations create value by producing operating rates of return on capital that are greater than the cost of capital. “Postmodern” corporate finance, while reaffirming the importance of earning an adequate return on capital, also attempts to restore at least part of the traditional corporate emphasis on top-line growth that prevailed before the intense focus on returns by modern shareholder value advocates. One important reason for the heightened emphasis on growth in addition to returns is that most rate-of-return measures used by companies and investors are based on conservative accounting practices that make old assets look more profitable than new ones, thereby discouraging investments in growth. This article introduces a new return measure called “Gross Business Return” that, when evaluated against a Required Return framework that reflects the level of current stock prices, has a stronger correlation with how companies are valued by the stock market. Moreover, in reviewing historical returns over time for both the market and specific industries, the author's research suggests that the market appears to demand considerably lower current returns than those implied by traditional weighted average cost of capital (WACC) approaches. And to the extent corporate executives rely on WACC, they could be passing up valuable growth opportunities. To help evaluate tradeoffs between growth and return, the author introduces a cash-based measure of corporate economic profit called Residual Cash Earnings. Unlike most traditional return and economic profit measures, Residual Cash Earnings, when expressed as a percentage of sales, provides a way for corporate managers to identify growth opportunities that, while producing current returns lower than WACC, are likely to add value over a multi-year time horizon. These new measures and analytical tools are suitable for strategic planning, budgeting, resource allocation, performance measurement, and rewards. Consistent application of these principles across these management processes provides a framework for constantly rebalancing the emphasis on growth and return to adapt to changes in the economy, industry, and competitive landscape.     

外部融资与企业成长关系的实证研究

在金融发达国家，外部融资对行业成长有明显促进作用。实证分析显示，我国企业要想获得更快、更好的发展，一方面要充分利用各种融资渠道，以便提高外部融资在总资产中的比重，另一方面要注意各种融资方式的合理搭配，防止因债务融资与权益融资之比过高而给企业今后的总资产增长带来不利影响。     

基于价值的管理与公司理财创新

本文从基于价值管理理念出发,引出了现代公司发展的基础与导向是资本增值的主题。在此基础上,将会计报告、财务分析、资本经营和管理控制融入公司理财之中,形成创新的公司理财体系框架:以资本增值为公司目标和财务目标,以基于价值管理为公司理财导向,以会计报告与财务分析为理财基础,以处理与投资界的关系、评估战略以创造价值和借助全面绩效管理创造价值为理财领域,以资本经营与管理控制为理财两翼。文章论述了基于价值的公司理财创新与会计报告、财务分析、资本经营及管理控制的关系,明确它们在公司理财创新中的地位与作用。     

儒家伦理与现代企业理财

本文认为 ,理财道德是与会计道德相区别的一个独立范畴 ,中国特色的企业理财应当坚持法治与德治并举。对于以德理财 ,理论界关注甚少 ,以致理财学的研究与实践过分强调“工具理性”。实际上 ,企业理财不可能是完全理性化的 ,理财的秩序不能撇开伦理理性 ,这正是儒家伦理在现代企业理财中可以发挥所长之处。总的来看 ,儒家伦理道德模式对于现代企业理财仍具有较强的适应性 ,奠基于儒家家族伦理关系之上的家族制企业在中国仍具有较强的生命力 ,作为儒家伦理思想基石的“诚信”对现代企业理财也具有良好的支撑作用     

金融硕士专业学位《公司金融》课程教学探讨

文章根据教指委对金融专硕的培养要求构建《公司金融》专业学位课程教学体系,在此基础上讨论了教材选择以及教学方法等问题。指出金融专硕《公司金融》课程应该以资本预算方法和应用为重点,围绕着净现值公式的应用和修正来安排教学体系。教学体系内容包括有效市场与行为金融;资产定价理论;经典资本预算方法,即净现值（NPV）方法;现代资本预算方法,即实物期权方法。目前还没有出现适合金融专硕的公司金融教材,教师应该根据教学安排从现有多本教材中提取有用的教学素材。在教学中,应该注重为学生提供商业实践机会,让学生切身体会分析现实商业问题的需要克服的诸多困难。     

Law and Project Finance

We investigate Project Finance as a private response to inefficiencies created by weak legal protection of outside investors. We offer a new illustration that law matters by demonstrating that for large investment projects, Project Finance provides a contractual and organizational substitute for investor protection laws. Project Finance accomplishes this by making cash flows verifiable through two mechanisms: (i) contractual arrangements made possible by structuring the project within a single, discrete entity legally separate from the sponsor; and (ii) private enforcement of these contracts through a network of project accounts that ensures lender control of project cash flows. Comparing bank loans for Project Finance with regular corporate loans for large investments, we show that Project Finance is more likely in countries with weaker laws against insider stealing and weaker creditor rights in bankruptcy. We identify the predicted effects using difference-in-difference and triple-difference tests that exploit exogenous country-level legal changes and inter-industry differences in free cash flow and tangibility of assets.     

A Corporate View of Research Needs in Corporate Finance

This paper reports the results of a survey of UK chief financial officers (CFOs) drawn from 72 large, 34 medium and 37 small companies on potentially important research topics in corporate finance. The paper suggests that there are gaps between extant academic research and the CFOs ‘needs for such research. The topics that the 143 CFOs would like to see on the research agenda include: the influence of tax laws on financial decision-making; investor reactions to companies concentrating on short-term gains to the almost total neglect of long-term benefits; effects of changes to the law on pension funds; cash flow planning and forecasting; regulators’ awareness of financial issues; and methods for determining the riskiness of a project. Of least importance to the CFOs are research on the significance of bankruptcy costs, influence of the City on corporate financial operations and impact of seasons on operational decisions. The degree of importance attributed to research topics seems to vary with firm size. In general, the findings of this study are similar to those from a survey of financial managers in the US.