创意产业人才研究述评

创意产业的发展依赖于集智慧、知识与技能于一身的创意人才,拥有一批具有国际视野和创新能力的创意人才,是创意产业得以健康快速发展的前提保证。文章主要介绍了国内外学者在创意产业人才方面的研究状况与启示,同时,指出了此研究领域存在的一些问题和值得深入研究的方向。     

文化创意产业价值创造内涵及机理分析

价值转形问题是劳动价值论中的核心问题。本文从马克思劳动价值理论的角度出发分析了文化创意产业价值创造问题,认为文化创意产业契合了价值转形特征并与传统的劳动价值论有内在一致性。因此,本文正是从这样的理论基点出发,对文化创意劳动的内涵及其在马克思理论体系中的存在逻辑进行深层剖析,以探讨文化创意产业这一新的经济增长点未来发展的价值空间。     

高、低耗能产业对我国城市化影响分析

我国在进入以高耗能产业快速发展为标志的重化工业时代的同时,城市化进程也呈现加速发展态势。二者协同作用,对资源环境造成了较大压力。通过五个典型高耗能行业和五个低耗能行业的对比,分析了二者在就业吸纳能力、经济增长贡献、未来发展潜力和环境影响等方面的差别,定量揭示了高耗能产业对区域城市化的影响机制,并据此提出了协调工业化和城市化发展的对策建议。     

开发辽宁工业遗产,发展文化创意产业的融资策略探讨

20世纪末开始,在经济高速发展的进程中,辽宁作为中国老牌重工业基地,大量的工业遗产面临闲置与消失。因此开发工业遗产,发展文化创意产业,重塑城市特色文化具有非常的意义。然而在推动工业遗产基础上的文化创意产业发展的过程中融资模式是重点和难点,尤其从政府投资到民间投资的衔接,放宽民间资本进入的限制,针对中小文化创意产业,探索多元化的融资渠道,进一步加强政府全方位支持和监管都有非常重要的意义。     

产业集群视角下的南京市创意产业现状分析

产业集群是经济发展中的一个重要现象,对经济布局的合理化、优化资源配置、形成区域的竞争优势和建立空间创新系统具有重要的意义。创意产业集群使创意产品的创造、生产、分销和利用得到最优化,能够显著提升创意产业的竞争力。从产业集群的视角下,对南京市的创意产业发展进行了实证分析。总结了南京市创意产业的发展现状,通过产业集群的特点概括出了南京市创意产业发展的集群模型,从纵向和横向两个维度分析了创意产业集群的效应及与产业竞争力之间的关系。     

Creative Mediations of the City: Contemporary Public Art as Compass of Metro Manila's Urban Conditions

In this article, public art is proposed as creative agency mobilized to form urban imaginaries. These alternate visions are largely facilitated by artists and art collectives using urban communities as performative grounds. These projects promote a view of art as an effective channel for ‘recentering’ — the identification of a multitude of centers that endlessly fracture and shift, very much resembling the nature of cities themselves. An alternate vision of the city through cartography informed by contrast, temporality and ephemerality is proposed alongside dominant representations of the city. Works by artists Alma Quinto, Mark Salvatus and Wire Tuazon are representative examples of such strategies. Diverse in tactics and platforms, defined by site‐specific mediations, the projects facilitated by these artists reveal the uneven conditions that beset Metro Manila and its outlying areas. Quinto's altered Urban Plan/Duyan is the result of her engagement with women in an informal settler community in San Andres Bukid, Manila, while Salvatus's web‐based Neo‐Urban Planner is an astute observation of the obsessive yet futile ordering of people and space by the state. Tuazon's Amphibian installation is a commentary on the encroachment of multinational interests in local communities. These interventions are foils to state‐ and private‐led urban development schemes. Their strength lies in their direct engagement with the sphere of public dialogue and self‐determination. These artistic practices and strategies are shaped by community interaction, revealing that meanings residing in urban forms are relentlessly negotiated by the numerous actors that inhabit the city.     

北京市中心城区教育及科技行业集聚研究

城市内部教育科研机构及高科技企业的集聚是区域创新体系发展和城市经济、空间发展的重要推动力.为考察北京市中心城区教育及科技行业基本单位的集聚和分布特点,采用Arcgis的空间统计分析工具分析了信息传输、计算机服务和软件业,科学研究、技术服务和地质勘查业以及教育业三类相关行业的Moran'8 I,Local Moran I...     

Placing Arts Districts within Markets: A Case Study of 798 Arts District in Beijing

This article examines the dual role of arts districts as places situated simultaneously in the urban land and art markets. It highlights the need for research into arts districts to take this dual role into account, as well as the impact that the two markets can have on these places. While the impact of the art market on land values in arts districts has been studied in some cases of art‐led gentrification, there has been limited consideration of how the changing organization and structure of the art world and art market have affected these places, especially during the last decade. Through a case study of 798 Arts District in Beijing, China, this article demonstrates that both land value and the art market situation need to be taken into account when explaining changes to and/or the spatial stickiness of an art scene, and that an artist community's investment in the value of an arts district as a generator of symbolic capital in the art market could be one driver of land value. The article concludes by advocating for greater attention to the dual market role of arts districts, as well as a stronger engagement with the knowledge produced by art scholars in geographical and urban studies of arts districts.     

The Limits to Artist‐Led Regeneration: Creative Brownfields in the Cities of High Culture

Despite the burgeoning literature on creative cities, seldom explored is the context of cities rich in cultural capital but more orthodox in their approach to preserving the autonomy of culture. This article discusses the status of artistic spaces occupying abandoned industrial premises (‘creative brownfields') in historic cities that traditionally shape their policies around prestigious cultural institutions (‘cities of high culture'). Based on comparative insights from St Petersburg and Lausanne, the article explores the relations and tensions between mainstream cultural governance and creative brownfields. While there is no lack of creative brownfields in these cities, their wider urban impact is found to be marginal; moreover, these sites represent dispersed instances of temporary occupations rather than situated clusters of creative actors. More than coincidental, this (lack of) spatialization is argued to result from a particular governmentality—that of high culture—which disregards, rather than promotes, spaces of alternative cultural governance. The article conceptualizes creative brownfields in cities of high culture as the ‘soft infrastructure' of cultural production, in contrast with those in ‘creative cities' as the ‘hard infrastructure' of urban production. The article also calls for a recognition of the local context of regulation and accumulation in understanding the cultural/urban interplay.     

城市加速扩张、政府责任与服务业发展:以北京为例

大城市加速扩张是经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物.北京正在加速向外扩张,但是,除中心城区以外的绝大多数地区在居住、就业、购物休闲等方面难以达成平衡,不足以吸引中心城区的人口和产业,从而进一步加剧了中心城区在交通、住房和公共服务等方面的紧张局面.以上困境正是北京服务业发展的大好机遇,为适应城市快速健康发展的需要,政府必须承担更多的责任,在郊区的交通、基础教育、医疗保健、治安等方面增加投入,更应该鼓励各种产业尤其是劳动密集型的服务业(尤其是商业)在郊区的发展,而不应该人为阻碍其发展.     

北京服务业的增长及其空间分布特征

服务业特别是生产性服务业的发展正日益成为支配城市经济的主要因素,并对城市经济布局和城市空间结构产生深刻的影响。本文首先回顾了北京市服务业发展变化历程,目前服务业在北京市地区生产总值的比重已超过70%,生产性服务业在服务业的比重也超过60%,北京市已逐步发展成为具有现代国际大都市经济形态的服务型城市。文章重点分析了北京都市区服务业及各行业空间分布特征:北京都市区服务业主要分布在城市中心区及周边地区,总体上呈"多中心集聚"分布;服务业各行业空间分布区县差异明显,地域分工已经形成;服务业各行业空间布局形态呈现多样化特征。     

创意北京发展:经济、社会和空间转型

创意北京时代已经来临。新的时期,北京经济增长发生重大转型。文化、科技与经济的融合度显著提升,创意中心地位逐步确立;经济与生态、社会和谐发展趋势显现。都市空间面临重组再造。传统城市旧区改造、新城产业发展、城市功能结构布局和都市空间扩张等模式发生变化,都市空间资源得到更好的整合与集约利用,一批立足创意产业基础上的创意新城迅速崛起;城市功能结构布局趋于融合;平面式城市建设扩张时代宣告结束。社会生态系统逐步完善。城市文化品质获得提升;中华民族文化、皇家文化、奥运文化和地方文化等首都特质文化开发进入活跃期;创意性社会结构逐渐形成。     

北京城市化与第三产业发展的互动关系分析

本文通过建立向量自回归模型,运用动态计量方法对北京城市化水平与第三产业发展之间的关系进行实证分析并提出相关政策建议。分析结果表明：第三产业发展长期内对城市化具有显著促进作用,但城市化对第三产业发展的影响却比较小;Granger短期因果关系检验发现,在短期内,第三产业发展是城市化水平提高的原因,反之则不成立。     

“中国服务”及其在首都旅游业的科学实践

本文阐述了＂中国服务＂理念的四个环境要素——系统、市场、客户、服务提供者和三个基本内涵——国际水准、本土特色和物超所值,介绍了首旅集团对＂中国服务＂的科学实践,为践行＂中国服务＂理念、打造＂中国服务＂品牌提供了系统的诠释和有益的经验。     

Urbanization as A Process of State Building: Local Governance Reforms in China

Existing scholarship suggests that local transformation in reform‐era China has been a process of decentralization of state power driving extractive local governments to pursue economic growth through rapacious land appropriation and producing many miserable landless villagers. This study puts forward an alternative perspective by arguing that local governance reforms in China to advance urban development should also be interpreted as a process of state building, whereby local government reshaped its governance strategy so as to mitigate potential social unrest and strengthen its political legitimacy in governing rapidly urbanizing areas. Based on intensive fieldwork in a periurban district in southern China, this research examines how the local state has heightened its control over urbanizing villages through its day‐to‐day governance practices and the pursuit of a complex policy agenda comprising social welfare provision, shareholding reforms and intervention in grassroots politics. The findings of this study shed new light on understanding local state transformation in periurban China and on explaining why the country still maintains tremendous urban growth despite incessant land disputes and numerous social tensions at different localities.     

城镇化给排水工程设计阶段的造价控制

排水管道工程的成本管理是工程建设中的重要部分,科学合理的制定和控制工程成本一直是工程建设的难点。近几年,随着城镇化进程脚步的加快,各种招标制度与定额预算得到不断完善并且取得了良好效果。现代是商品经济快速发展的时代,社会上普遍存在基础建设工程投资失去控制现象,特别是"三超现象"较为严重,很多企业在控制城镇化排水工程的投资成本时,都忽视了工程设计阶段,而过于重视工程施工阶段,使得控制成本效果非常不理想。本文主要论述了设计阶段造价控制方面存在的问题及有效控制工程成本的方法及措施。     

Business model innovation in cultural and creative industries: Insights from three leading mobile gaming firms

This paper contains an exploratory analysis of the business model innovations (BMIs) that firms in cultural and creative industries (CCIs) undertake along their life-cycle. Despite the role that creative and cultural and creative firms (CCFs) have in the economic development of industrialised countries, they tend to remain small and often fail due to industry-specific constraints and tensions, such as the lack of managerial capabilities and complexity in nurturing value chain relationships. However, there has been relatively limited scholarly interest into the specific conditions and processes that enabled CCFs to overcome these liabilities, and in particular into the identification of the business models they have adopted along their life-cycle. In this paper, this issue is analysed by using the concept of BMI, which sheds light on how the reconfiguration of the activity system through which a CCF creates, delivers and captures value enables the exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities over time. This paper builds on an in-depth historical study of three leading firms operating in the mobile gaming industry, namely Rovio, Zynga and King Digital Entertainment. Three main results emerge from this study. First, in the ramp-up phase of their life-cycle, CCFs organize their resource architecture to build a strong and recognized reputation. Second, in the development phase, BMI is used to leverage new distribution paradigms. Finally, in the maturity phase, firms dedicate resources to innovate their product portfolios by providing platforms that support the development and testing of new creative ideas and solutions. Findings and implications are then discussed.     

旅游业与城镇化建设互动发展研究——以陕南为例

陕南地区属于经济欠发达地区,城镇化水平较低。同时陕南地区又拥有丰富的旅游资源。本文从这两面入手,分析了陕南地区旅游业与城镇化建设的互动发展机制。     

文化创意产业对旧城空间生产的作用机制研究——以北京市南锣鼓巷旧城再生为例

基于空间生产理论梳理了文化创意产业对旧城空间再生的作用机制,认为文化创意产业之所以能有效驱动旧城再生,是因为在资本生产新商业空间的同时,旧城文化可以融入新的文化创意并资本化、商品化,进而能够提升新空间收益的附加值,加大反馈力度,从而更好地协调新空间权利的分配。并以北京东城区南锣鼓巷为例分析了资本和文化在旧城空间生产过程中对商户和消费者、原住民、政府这三者空间权利的影响,认为南锣鼓巷的旧城再生模式具有文化创意产业驱动旧城更新的样本意义,较好地处理了新空间的权利分配,但也开始面临文化创意乏力、资本结构分化、各方权力边界再平衡等问题,需要进一步的跟踪研究以更好地完善文化创意产业对旧城空间生产的作用机制。     

河北省GDP与产业关系研究——基于灰色关联分析

近些年,河北省国民经济和社会快速发展,三大产业对经济的发展起到了支撑性作用。提出用灰色关联分析方法对河北省GDP与产业关系进行研究,并给出具体的计算方法和实例分析。