Sociology and History: A New Look at Their Relatioaships

Abstract. The working wife as a factor in the determination of family status has been universally ignored by students of stratification. In this plea for investigation, it is suggested that the employment or married women could affect the system of stratification in the following ways: (1) making pos-sible greater access to symbols of status; (2) implying that the husband has been unsuccessful in his own career; (3) identifying the wife with a particular occupation; and (4) identifying certain occupations with wives of high status.     

The Gender Wage Gap in Europe: Job Preferences,Gender Convergence and Distributional Effects

The gender wage gap has declined over time. However, most of the remaining gap is unexplained, partly because of gender convergence in wage‐determining characteristics. In this paper, we show the degree of convergence differs substantially across Europe. In some countries, predominantly in Eastern Europe, the gender wage gap is entirely unexplained. However, in other countries, differences between the characteristics of men and women explain a relatively large proportion of the wage gap. Gender differences in job preferences contribute 10% to the wage gap, which is more than job tenure, previous employment status or field of study. The role of job preferences is particularly strong at the top of the wage distribution.     

经济学理论基础下的财务会计解析——以《国富论》为例证

财务会计与经济学联系紧密,要想对财务会计理论做到熟知,必然也需要对经济学理论做到深入了解,只有将二者结合起来才能够促使对财务会计理论达到通透掌握。文章中,主要以此为出发点,以《国富论》为例证,借助于经济学理论以及企业市场经济相关理论实践,对财务会计进行重新解读,探讨其本质属性及特点。首先是对亚当·斯密所提出的相关经济学理论进行简要介绍,从而引申出财务会计的概念解释,并从市场、企业双重角度出发对此概念进行详尽阐述,由此得出以《国富论》中所著的相关经济学理论是财务会计相关理论得以发展的前提基础这一结论。     

Employees' Nonwork Obligations and Organizational Commitments: A New Way to Look at the Relationships

The authors 1 adopted a family resource view of nonwork obligations and examined these obligations' relationships to dimensions of employees' organizational commitment. Complex interactions were found between employees' marital status, number of children, and having relatives nearby as related to the continuance dimension, but not the affective dimension, of commitment. In particular, results were strongest when the focus was on employees' perceptions of whether they would experience a high personal sacrifice if they were to leave their organizations. These findings are discussed in the context of developing family‐friendly human resource programs that may help employees feel less “trapped” in organizations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

The Distributional Effects of Tax‐benefit Policies under New Labour: A Decomposition Approach*

I revisit the distributional effects of tax‐benefit policy reforms under New Labour using counterfactual microsimulations embedded in a Shapley decomposition of time change in inequality and poverty indices. This makes it possible to quantify the relative effect of policy changes compared to all other changes, and to check the sensitivity of this policy effect to the use of (i) income vs. price indexation, and (ii) base vs. end period data. Inequality and poverty depth would have increased, and the sharp fall in child poverty would not have occurred, had the reforms of income support and tax credits not been implemented.     

From The Wealth of Nations to Populorum Progressio (On the Development of Peoples): Wealth and Development from the Perspective of the Catholic Social Thought Tradition

Catholic social thought (CST) looks at economic development from the broader framework of authentic human development. It is only by viewing both man's dignity and his social nature that we include the full nature of the human being. In CST wealth is understood based on its role in promoting authentic human development. Wealth is a gift from God, with humans participating in its creation, and its creation, distribution, and its use must be carried out in a manner that respects God's law (justice and charity). Furthermore, man should never place wealth above God or above humans. Those who control wealth have special responsibilities with regards to their use of it; thus the right of private property is always restricted by the social responsibility to use it towards the common good. The goal must be the development of the whole person and all people. Wealth is socially created and thus must be distributed, at least partially, among the entire community. Economic development needs to be grounded in social justice and its two co‐principles, charity and justice. Grounding economic development in the authentic development of the person means placing the people of the poor countries at the center of their development drama, both as the leading actors and as the directors.     

A Reply to the Comments: The Millennium Survey Again

Professor Frederic L. Pryor responds to his critics, Professors Patrick McGuire, Joan Huber, Paul M. Hirsch, Jonathon Mote, David Jaffee, Arthur L. Stinchcombe, Dennis Wrong, Judith Treas, Patrick Baert, Olav Velthuis, and John B. Davis. These comments are in The American Journal of Economics and Sociology, this issue, pp. 35-78.     

从新冠疫情看应急物流运作

以新冠疫情期间应急物流运作为对象,阐述了应急物流的特点,提出了应急物流运作的基本原则和方法,对我国应急物流的发展提出了一些建议,包括:统一归口管理,分级响应;构建统一的信息平台;建立应急物流体系;完善战略储备制度等,以期为我国应急物流的高效运作提供参考。     

正项级数收敛性的判别法的进一步研究

用初等方法深入研究了正向级数判别法,基于比值判别法和根值判别法判别法思想,研究了更高精度判别法,给出不断提高精度的判别法的构造思想以及一般性定理。     

New investor categories,agility and HRM: The case of Sovereign Wealth Funds

This article reviews the existing literature on SWFs and the firm, focusing particular attention on the implications of the rise of SWFs strategic agility and HRM. This paper outlines three main channels through which sovereign wealth fund (SWF) investment has implications for employees. First, SWFs influence macroeconomic environments, and hence affect labor conditions. Second, institutional conditions in different countries shape the behavior of SWFs around the world, which in turn has implications for HR strategy and practice. Third, SWFs can have a direct effect on the corporate governance and hence HR strategies and employees of organizations in which they invest. We review and discuss these three channels and outline avenues for future research.     

Causality Tests for Cross-Country Panels: a New Look at FDI and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

The remarkable increase in FDI flows to developing countries over the last decade has focused attention on whether this source of financing enhances overall economic growth. We use a mixed fixed and random (MFR) panel data estimation method to allow for cross country heterogeneity in the causal relationship between FDI and growth and contrast our findings with those from traditional approaches. We find that the relationship between investment, both foreign and domestic, and economic growth in developing countries is highly heterogeneous and that estimation methods which assume homogeneity across countries can yield misleading results. Our results suggest there is some evidence that the efficacy of FDI in raising future growth rates, although heterogeneous across countries, is higher in more open economies.     

服务业能源生产率变迁及收敛性分析

研究目标：全球40个主要经济体服务业细分行业能源生产率的动态变化趋势与收敛特征。研究方法：基于WIOD的大样本数据与收敛分析方法,对1995~2009年全球40个经济体的服务业细分行业能源生产率进行测度,并对其收敛性进行实证检验。研究发现：全样本与发达经济体的服务业总体及大多数细分部门的能源生产率在整体上呈现增长态势,发展中经济体的服务业能源生产率呈现下降趋势;服务业能源生产率增长率存在较大的地区和行业异质性。服务业总体及大部分细分行业的能源生产率均存在绝对和条件β收敛但不存在σ收敛。研究创新：首次基于WIOD的“地区-行业-年份”三维数据,将能源生产率的测度与收敛性分析拓展到跨经济体服务业细分行业层面。研究价值：加深对全球主要经济体服务业能源生产率变动趋势及其收敛性的认识,为服务业政策架构提供依据。     

Identification and Estimation of Distributional Impacts of Interventions Using Changes in Inequality Measures

This paper presents estimators of distributional impacts of interventions when selection to the program is based on observable characteristics. Distributional impacts are calculated as differences in inequality measures of the marginal distributions of potential outcomes of receiving and not receiving the treatment. The estimation procedure involves a first non‐parametric estimation of the propensity score. In the second step weighted versions of inequality measures are computed using weights based on the estimated propensity score. Consistency, semi‐parametric efficiency and validity of inference based on the percentile bootstrap are shown for the estimators. Results from Monte Carlo exercises show its good performance in small samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新时期中国健身俱乐部消费市场分析

运用科学研究方法对新时期中国健身俱乐部消费市场的特点进行了分析,并在此基础上就新时期中国健身俱乐部市场经营中存在的主要问题进行了讨论。     

张璨:开拓财富人生的儒商气魄

人要有一个梦想，这个梦想可以很大，也可以很小，它由个人的个性与能力决定。然后你就可以为了实现这个梦想去努力，去奋斗。 你一定要很坚定，当你设定一个目标以后，你一定要全力以赴，一定要不屈不挠，一定要非常的顽强，即使用任何表述“坚定”的词加在你身上都不会过分。 你随时都要有“从零开始”的准备，而且时时刻刻都觉得你对自己非常有信心。 做人要反着做，比如二十岁时不妨像四十岁的样子做事，而四十岁时。再用二十岁的态度来生活。 做人就如拔剑，刚开始得悠着点。慢慢地出鞘，慢慢地锋利，有所把握才能锋芒毕露。[编按]     

从我国土改进程看新时期的土地改革

中国共产党成立九十多年来,一直把土地问题作为经济发展的主要问题。在综合评述中国土地改革发展历程的基础上,分析了当今土地改革现状和存在的问题,阐述了中共十八届三中全会在土地改革体制机制方面制定的指导方针,提出修宪立法、明晰土地产权以促进土地改革顺利进行的政策建议。