内生增长理论对我国财政政策的启示

内生经济增长理论提出知识积累、技术创新是导致一国经济实现长期持续增长的源泉。目前,我国经济中还存在一些制约经济增长的因素,限制了我国实现内生增长的路径。有效的财政政策是促进技术进步,实现经济内生增长的重要途径。为此,政府必须出台切实有效的财政政策,培育实现内生增长的技术创新的条件。     

内生经济增长理论：一个文献综述

本旨在通过评述30年代至今的各种经济增长理论，进一步梳理经济增长理论的发展脉络，尤其是内生经济增长理论的内在演化逻辑，并在此基础上指出经济增长理论可能的发展趋势。     

内生增长理论与我国经济增长

对于一个发展中国家，欲实现快速的工业化和可持续的经济增长，就必须能够以最低廉的成本来获取技术的进步。半个多世纪以来，大量的经济增长理论和发展经济学文献均对该问题给予了高度的关注，也产生了各种各样的主张和学说。毫无疑问，技术的扩散和学习以及资本的引入在经济发展中起着至关重要的作用。因此，在梳理内生增长理论发展过程之后，着重从内生增长理论中的技术创新和资本积累的角度讨论我国当前的经济增长。     

开放条件下的内生经济增长理论

开放条件下的增长作为内生经济增长理论的一个专题,是对一个封闭的一国模型的假设条件的放松,但不仅限于此。首先,开放条件下的经济增长也是国际经济学的一个构     

内生经济增长理论:一个文献综述

本文旨在通过评述30年代至今的各种经济增长理论,进一步梳理经济增长理论的发展脉络,尤其是内生经济增长理论的内在演化逻辑,并在此基础上指出经济增长理论可能的发展趋势。     

内生增长框架下的中小企业和我国经济增长稳定

稳定中国经济高速增长的措施除了扩大国内需求之外,还可以从供给的角度考虑中小企业的作用。中小企业在国民经济总量中的重大贡献和中小企业内部管理不足的矛盾是影响我国经济增长趋于不稳定的一个重要因素。理论和实证分析结果表明,企业家知识溢出能力是决定企业私人知识边际产出的重要因素,中小企业主缺乏企业家的知识溢出能力是导致人均产出份额低于总量产出份额的主要原因。本文结论是我国要加大中小企业内部管理投入,促进中小企业主向企业家的实质性转变,提高中小企业主的知识产出能力,用以提高中小企业资源的使用效率,从而提高我国要素的整体使用效率,最终为稳定我国高速经济增长提供一个长远动力。     

内生增长理论的最新进展

进入20世纪90年代后半期以后,经济学家对于内生增长理论的研究不断深入,并取得了新的进展。这些进展主要体现在理论研究和实证研究丽方面。     

Fiscal Policy and Long-run Growth in R&D-based Models with Endogenous Market Structure

This paper shows that in a model of endogenous growth that does not exhibit the scale effect, taxes on consumption and labor income and the level and composition of public expenditure have no effect on steady-state growth. The only fiscal instruments that affect steady-state growth are taxes on asset and corporate income. In line with standard intuition, tax rates and public expenditure have level effects on income per capita. These results emphasize that although growth is endogenous, in the sense that it is determined by the model and it is subject to policy action, instruments that work by changing market size do not affect it. Effective growth-enhancing policies operate through the interest rate.     

税收、财政支出与内生经济增长

构建了基于财政支出、税收的内生经济增长模型,并推导出在给定税收、财政支出政策的变化路径时,经济会达到"竞争性分散均衡",税率与经济增长存在"倒-U"型关系,政府投资性支出与经济增长之间正相关。利用中国省际面板数据进行实证检验显示,在我国经济运行中,总产出、消费、投资、政府投资性支出、税率、利息率、工资水平之间存在长期均衡关系。我国宏观税率为28.63%时达到最优值,政府投资性支出对经济增长率存在正向影响,但不同区域间存在较大差异性。     

积极财政政策:理论、实践与政策调整

积极财政政策来源于西方财政理论与实践，这一理论对我国财政理论与实践有着十分重要的影响。结合中国实际情况，积极财政政策应如何调整。     

Does Precommitment Raise Growth? The Dynamics of Growth and Fiscal Policy

We develop an endogenous growth model driven by externalities from both private and public capital. The government levies distortionary taxation to finance a publicly provided consumption good and public infrastructure. Firms face adjustment costs. We compare the optimal and time-consistent policies in a linear-quadratic approximation of the model. Although the time-consistent equilibrium is sub-optimal in terms of ex-ante intertemporal welfare, it yields higher long-run growth and welfare, through an accumulation of assets by the state and a cut in government consumption.     

Patent Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model

We investigate how the patent policy affects economic growth and social welfare based on an endogenous growth model with R&D activities. We show that the patent length that maximizes the social welfare is finite. Moreover, by introducing compulsory licensing, we also show that the patent length that maximizes the social welfare is not infinite even if the royalty rate can be controlled. Received June 29, 2001; revised version received February 5, 2002 Published online: February 17, 2003 We wish to thank two anonymous referees for their constructive comments. We also thank Akira Yakita for his helpful comments.     

Debt, Growth and Budgetary Regimes

Within the Barro (1990) model of productive public services, but with the inclusion of public debt, we derive and characterize on the balanced growth path, a set of welfare‐maximizing fiscal rules under two budgetary regimes – one with only the standard dynamic government budget constraint, and the other involving the golden rule of public finance. We demonstrate analytically that the optimal fiscal policy differs in the two budgetary regimes considered. We also analyse two cases within the second regime: one, where the ratio of current spending to tax revenues is parametrically given, and another, where this ratio is optimally chosen by the government.     

我国稳健财政政策中的赤字问题

稳健财政政策中的财政赤字问题存在较多争议,本文从理论上分析了稳健财政政策并不排斥财政赤字,并对我国1998年以来财政政策的方向进行了定量测算,提出我国稳健财政政策的关键是将财政收入、财政支出增长速度控制在经济潜在增长速度。     

Endogenous Money,Fiscal Policy,Interest Rates and the Exchange Rate Regime: Correction

This note suggests two corrections that might usefully be made to the analysis in an earlier article with the same title. The corrections have no direct bearing on the original argument (which had to do with disputes about modern money theory, or MMT) but do seem important for the future development of an alternative monetary theory.     

Growth Effects of Fiscal Policy and Debt Sustainability in the EU

In this paper we study the relationship of fiscal policy and economicperformance of some core countries in the EU. Our aim is to find outwhether public deficit and public debt have consequences for real variables in the economies we consider. The background of our empirical study is a growth model that provides us with some predictions on the relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth. In a first step we then use Granger causality tests to analyze empirically whether some of the implications of our model arecompatible with the data. In a second step, we investigate whether the fiscalpolicies of the member states have been sustainable. Given this information,we then pursue the question of whether differences in the fiscal positions ofcountries have consequences as concerns the outcome of our empirical testsof step one. Finally, we study whether the impact of the public deficit ratiodepends on the magnitude of the debt ratio.     

财政政策对经济增长和收入分配的长期影响效应分析

政府财政政策对经济增长和收入分配有不同的影响,其中,政府消费性支出和投资性支出均对经济增长有正的促进作用,但政府支出却加大了居民收入分配的差距;税收对我国经济增长的影响均为负,其中,间接税缩小了居民收入分配差距,而直接税却拉大了居民的收入分配差距。