浅谈当前资产管理公司不良资产处置的困难与出路

为迎接加入WTO的机遇与挑战,降低银行不良贷款的比例,1999年,我国政府先后成立了四家金融资产管理公司专职处理不良资产.资产管理公司自成立以来成绩斐然:至2001年末,四家资产管理公司累计接收不良资产近14000亿元,同时实现四家国有商业银行不良贷款率下降9个百分点;2001年四家公司共对1426亿元的资产进行了处置,回收现金261亿元.但这与资产管理公司的组建初衷尚有一定差距.本文试对资产管理公司处置不良资产的困难进行分析,并提出一些对策.     

金融不良债权评估中假设清算法的应用

我国过去所沉淀的大量金融不良资产,严重影响了我国的金融安全和金融秩序.借鉴国际经验,我国政府于1999年先后组建了信达、长城、华融、东方四家资产管理公司,接受了所剥离的1.4万亿元金融不良资产.截止到2005年1 2月底,四家资产管理公司累计处置了其中的8397.5亿元,累计处置率达到60%.资产管理公司处置金融不良资产的方式主要为债务追偿、资产置换、转让与销售、债务重组、企业重组、债权转股权、债权转让、破产清偿等.所有这些处置方式的核心问题是资产的定价.     

银行不良资产处置市场化艰难求变

1999年,中国四大金融资产管理公司临危受命,对我国国有银行不良资产进行处置。 不用说,经过三年时间,四家资产管理公司接受和处置不良资产的措施已取得阶段性成果。与此同时,四家资产管理公司还对专业化收购和处置不良贷款进行了有益探索。     

金融资产管理公司不良资产管理和处置的难点与对策

1999年相继成立的信达、长城、华融、东方四家金融资产管理公司,成为我国剥离不良资产,解决国有商业银行不良资产居高不下问题,提高国有商业银行资产安全性和流动性,增加国有商业银行资信度和在国内外金融市场竞争力的重要手段.目前,金融资产管理公司业务重点已由不良资产剥离、收购转入对不良资产的管理与处置.资产管理公司管理与处置不良资产既充满希望,也困难重重.     

资产管理公司处置不良资产中的法律问题及对策

1999年国务院颁布了<金融资产管理公司条例>,进行了国有商业银行不良资产的剥离与重组,先后成立了信达、长城、华融和东方四家金融资产管理公司,分别接管了四大国有银行剥离的不良资产,有效地降低了国有商业银行的不良资产率,缓解了金融业经营风险,增强了我国金融企业的国际竞争力.但是由于有关资产管理公司的法律体系尚存在较大缺口,因而其在处置不良资产的过程中遇到了大量在我国现行法律法规体系中难以克服的矛盾与问题,从而影响了不良资产的处置效果.鉴于目前资产管理公司处置不良资产主要有债务追偿、债权转股权以及不良资产转让三种方式,本文将针对不同的处置方式分析资产管理公司在此过程中面临的法律问题并提出相应的对策.     

我国资产管理公司的未来走向

今年2月，财政部提出了资产管理公司的目标考核责任制方案，要求四家资产管理公司的全部债权资产必须在2006年年底以前处置完毕。同时，在完成现金回收率和费用率目标的前提下，允许资产管理公司使用自有资金对确有升值潜力的不良资产适当追加投资、接受委托处置不良资产和商业化收购不良资产等业务。这意味着，政府有关部门已基本明确了资产管理公司的未来发展方向，为资产管理公司今后继续发挥服务于我     

探索新形势下资产管理公司发展的新体制

今年年初，有关部门提出了资产管理公司的目标考核责任制方案，要求四家资产管理公司的全部债权资产必须在2006年年底以前处置完毕。同时，在完成现金回收率和费用率目标的前提下，允许资产管理公司使用自有资金对确有升值潜力的不良资产适当追加投资、接受委托处置不良资产和商业化收购不良资产等业务。这意味着，政府有关部门已基本明确     

金融资产管理公司处置不良资产的难点及对策探讨

成立四家国有金融性资产管理公司,分别收购、管理、处置从四家国有商业银行剥离的不良资产,以最大限度保全国有资产、减少损失,是党中央、国务院为防范和化解金融风险而实施的重大战略决策.当前四家资产管理公司都已全面开展不良资产的收购工作,收购结束后马上就面临着对大量不良资产的管理和处置问题.     

金融资产管理公司市场定位的现实选择

1999年，我国先后组建了信达、长城、华融和东方四家金融资产管理公司（以下简称资产管理公司），收购、管理和处置四家国有商业银行和国家开发银行剥离的近1．4万亿元不良资产。经过近8年的努力，资产管理公司已将政策性剥离的不良资产基本处置完毕，四家资产管理公司都实现了财政部核定的经营目标，现正等待财政部组织进行政策性损失清算和财务重组，     

资产管理公司不良资产处置影响因素分析

<正>1999年,为处置国有银行不良资产,信达、华融、东方、长城四大资产管理公司(AMC)成立,对口接收建行、工行、中行、农行1.4万亿元不良资产。截至2005年四家AMC共承接了四家国有商业银行近2.5万亿的不良资产。到2006年底,四家AMC的政策性不良资产处置任务已经全面完成。四家AMC累计处置政策性不良资产12102.82亿元,累计回收现金2110亿元。比国家核定目标超收286亿元。资产管理公司在处理我国商业银行不良资产,推进商业银行改革方面做出了积极的贡献。     

Trust for accounting and accounting for trust

This paper combines insights from the sociology of knowledge and the emerging practice-based literature on learning and knowing to extend the institutional framework of accounting change developed by Burns and Scapens [Burns, J., Scapens, R.W., 2000. Conceptualising management accounting change: an institutional framework. Manage. Acc. Res., 11, 3–25]. In particular, it explores how management accounting systems (MAS) can be implicated in processes of learning and culture change, and used to identify ‘trustworthy’ solutions in the face of organisational crises. A case study of an Italian company, which was subject to massive change following its acquisition by General Electric, is used to discuss how, when crises arise and organisation members find themselves under intense pressure for change, their rationales and routinised behaviour, which are driven by the existing knowledge and cultural assumptions, are challenged. The case illustrates how MAS can act as sources of trust for the processes of change – i.e., accounting for trust; while at the same time being socially constructed objects of trust – i.e., trust for accounting. Drawing on the concept of personal trust and the notion of roles as access points to organisational (expert) systems, the paper discusses how, in this case, finance experts facilitated the acceptance and progressive sharing of new rationales and routines. Clearly, this does not guarantee that change will occur or occur in some ‘desired’ direction in other cases, but it increases the possibility of replacing trust in the predictability of routines with feelings of trust for change.     

Accounting for decisions and decisions for accounting

Behavioral decision theory (BDT) is concerned with “accounting for decisions”. The development of this interdisciplinary field is traced from the appearance of several key publications in the 1950s to the present. Whereas the 1960s saw increasing theoretical and empirical work, the field really started to flourish in the 1970s with the appearance of the review by Slovic & Lichtenstein (Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, pp. 549–744, 1971), and key papers on probabilistic judgment (Tversky & Kahneman, Science, pp. 1124–1131, 1974), and choice (Kahneman & Tversky, Econometrica, pp. 263–291, 1979). From the early 1980s to the present, BDT has seen considerable consolidation and expansion and its influence now permeates many fields of enquiry. After this brief history, eight major ideas or findings are discussed. These are: (1) that judgment can be modeled; (2) bounded rationality; (3) to understand decision making, understanding the task is more important than understanding the people; (4) levels of aspiration/reference points; (5) use of heuristic rules; (6) the importance of adding; (7) search for confirmation; and (8) thought as construction. Next, comments are addressed to differences between BDT and problem solving/cognitive science. It is argued that whereas many substantive differences are artificial, two distinct communities of researchers do exist. This is followed by a discussion of some major shortcomings currently facing BDT that include questions about the robustness of findings as well as overconcern with a few specific, “paradoxial” results. On the other hand, there are many interesting issues that BDT could address and several specific suggestions are made. Moreover, these issues represent opportunities for accounting research and several are enumerated. Finally, BDT presents “decisions for accounting” in the sense that scarce resources need to be allocated to different types of research that could illuminate accounting issues. The argument is made that BDT is one research metaphor or paradigm that has proved useful in accounting and that should be supported. Such support, however, may mean that some researchers may work on issues that, at first blush, might seem distant from accounting per se.     

2002年海南省金融形势分析

本分析了2002年海南省金融运行情况，指出当前经济金融运行中存在的主要问题及原因，对今年改善经济金融运行环境，促进经济金融平稳增长提出了一些针对性的建议。     

东亚货币合作的层次、障碍和中国的对策

随着世界经济全球化和区域经济一体化,东亚各国货币合作的愿望日益高涨,东亚区域货币合作体系初见端倪。、但由于东亚地区历史、政治、经济、文化的特殊性,东亚货币合作的道路上依然障碍重重．需要分层次、分步骤地稳妥推进。大势所趋之下中国应积极应对,大力推动东亚货币合作的进程。     

Volume for Winners and Losers: Taxation and Other Motives for Stock Trading

Capital gains taxes create incentives to trade. Our major finding is that turnover is higher for winners (stocks, the prices of which have increased) than for losers, which is not consistent with the tax prediction. However, the turnover in December and January is evidence of tax-motivated trading; there is a relatively high turnover for losers in December and for winners in January. We conclude that taxes influence turnover, but other motives for trading are more important. We were unable to find evidence that changing the length of the holding period required to qualify for long-term capital gains treatment affected turnover.     

运维报告智能化生成平台的设计与研究

随着以人工智能、大数据、区块链和云计算等新兴技术为代表的金融科技(Fin Tech)飞速发展,大型商业银行数据中心信息系统业务量也在不断递增。因业务变化或系统变更等原因,运维人员急需编制各类运维分析报告,以便及时全面了解信息系统的运行情况。     

以改革促进发展以创新提升效益——访中国工商银行广西区分行党委书记、行长张恪理

2006年,是工商银行深入推进“两个根本转变”的起步年,又是整体构建现代金融企业制度、成功公开发行上市年。广西分行认真贯彻落实总行决策部署,根据股份制改革后经营面临的新形势和总行战略转移的新要求,结合广西经济发展特点,以科学发展观为统领,牢固树立“质量、创新、效益”的经营理念,紧紧抓住发展机遇,加快改革创新,推进经营转型,各项工作取得了可喜的成绩,开创了经营发展的新局面。本刊记者通过采访广西分行党委书记、行长张恪理,明晰了他们以改革促进发展,以创新提升效益的历程。     

为领导排忧 帮群众解难——记工行北京市地安门支行老干部工作者张秀敏

张秀敏从地安门支行成立就负责退休、内退人员的管理工作。她把贯彻落实好老干部政策体现在具体行动上,坚持以人为本．把退休人员管理及服务工作做到位,认真落实老干部的政治待遇和生活待遇,得到了支行离退休人员的认可。她给自己的工作宗旨是：为领导分忧,为职工解难,切实履行岗位职责,努力做一个合格的老干部工作者。     

Tax incentives for inefficient executive pay and reward for luck

I study the economic consequences of tax deductibility limits on salaries for the design of incentive contracts. The analysis is based on an agency model in which the firm’s cash flow is a function of the agent’s effort and an observable random factor beyond the agent’s control. According to my analysis, limiting the tax deductibility of fixed wages has two consequences. The principal rewards the agent on the basis of the observable random factor and adjusts the amount of performance-based pay in the optimal incentive contract. The new contract can have weaker or stronger work incentives than without the tax. The theoretical findings have implications for empirical compensation research. First, the analysis shows that reward for luck can be the optimal response to recent tax law changes, whereas earlier empirical literature has attributed this phenomenon to managerial entrenchment. Second, I demonstrate that a simple regression analysis that fails to control for separable measures of luck is likely to find an increased pay for performance sensitivity as a response to the introduction of tax deductibility limits on salaries even if the pay for performance sensitivity has actually declined.     

QFII制度及其对商业银行业务的影响分析

2002年12月1日,中国证监会颁布了<合格境外机构投资者境内证券投资管理暂行办法>,QFII制度正式登陆中国证券市场.经过近6年的时间,QFII制度在我国得到了快速发展和壮大.就作为QFII资金托管人的境内商业银行,从QFII业务中受到怎样的影响,这些影响是否可以促进商业银行业务的全面发展等方面的问题,进行了分析讨论.