跨国公司大面积亏损造成的税收损失问题研究

据统计,在我国有相当部分跨国公司处于亏损状态,这些跨国公司有相当部分是为了避税而人为制造亏损,这给我国的税收造成了很大的损失.如何减少税收损失,从博弈论的角度探讨可以得出结论:较小的跨国公司逃税的概率,有利于增加政府财政收入;较小的税务机关稽查的概率,可以节省稽查成本,根据这两个方面建立完善的管理制度将会减少这方面的税收损失.     

JAVA中环境变量的设置和使用

JAVA程序设计过程中需要涉及环境变量的设置和使用,尤其是path和classpath这两个环境变量.path环境变量用来设置我们要执行的命令所在的目录,而classpath环境变量用来设置我们的JVM虚拟机要查找的类名所在的目录.如何查看、设置、新建和取消环境变量是我们这里要讨论的问题.     

论自然环境对古希腊艺术的影响

古希腊艺术与古希腊自然坏境息息相关,地理环境造就了古希腊艺术的性格;自然物产形成古希腊艺术的主要形式;温和气候以及地理位置铸就古希腊艺术的世界观.本文通过对古希腊自然环境与艺术关系的研究,阐释出古希腊辉煌的艺术深深植根于古希腊的自然环境的土壤中.     

立足创业富民推进创新强市

当前,我们正处于以创新制胜的时代,创新是我们工作的基本要求和永恒主题.创新,对我们来说,不是权宜之计、不是应景之作,而是贯穿于经济社会发展的方方面面,包含在我们工作的每一个环节和部位.     

"金盾风采"——深圳市公安局宝安分局系列报道之(四)科技强警用实招真抓实干为人民——深圳市公安局宝安分局流塘派出所

流塘派出所是宝安分局第一个被公安部评定授予的一级派出所;派出所现有民警55人,警力占实有人口比例为万分之三点四;辖区面积27.1平方公里,总人口16万人,其中户籍人口1.2万人,非户籍14.8万人,二者比例严重倒挂,达到1:12;辖区下设7个社区,有工业区8个、工厂449家、出租屋40934间、商铺3167间、特种行业70间;外来人口多、出租屋多、交通要道多、编制警力少,治安管理任务十分艰巨.     

漂亮办公楼焉能吸引更多投资

作为国家扶贫开发工作重点县的四川省阆中市(县级市),其一些行政机关却超标建设起各类漂亮的办公楼.相关现象被媒体报道后,引来舆论的强烈批评.但是,阆中市的官员对这种批评却不以为然.审计局局长在解释办公楼为什么要建成别墅造型时说,这样做是为了"节约成本";而阆中市委一名官员则如此来给漂亮办公楼现象"定性":"媒体在报道时,强调了阆中是国定贫困县的背景.但我认为,贫困县难道就不能建一些好的楼房吗?";"漂亮的办公楼也能吸引更多投资,带动阆中经济发展."(9月3日《中国青年报》)     

故宫星巴克事件背后的文化焦虑

从在非洲的投资到在拉美的外交活动,从能源需求到地缘渗透,中国的快速发展正深刻改写着世界权力版图.然而这也带来了新的问题:中国是谁?它将以何种面貌和身份崛起?     

“牛肉面限价”存在什么样的市场需求

一纸限价令,让有关兰州牛肉面的话题就像是刚出锅的牛肉面一样,顿时在全国"热气腾腾"起来.<人民日报>、新华社、央视以及全国各地其他媒体纷纷对此表现出极大的关注.那么,牛肉面究竟该不该限价?据<兰州晨报>报道,相关物价部门,牛肉面与民生息息相关,政府应该管,有关消费者也表示,牛肉面如同水电价,政府应出面干涉.(<兰州晨报>7月9日)     

美国通胀：紧随次贷危机的魔影

由于次贷危机的恶化导致了宏观经济可能出现放缓和收缩,美国国内无论决策层面还是市场层面都对通货膨胀的走势作出了非常乐观地估计,甚至美联储在最新一次的货币政策会议声明中明确指出:"经济增长的风险大于通货膨胀的风险",然而,物价的全新上升态势却让人们本以麻木的神经不得不变得重新绷紧起来。     

浅议锡剧传承

锡剧是用无锡方言演唱,用无锡地名命名的地方戏,源于江南地区的吴歌,俗称"无锡滩簧",从江南农村小调演化而来,形成于清乾隆至嘉庆年间,是我省重要的戏曲剧种,在江、浙、沪一带有着广泛影响,被誉为"太湖一支梅".     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.