基于IFCD指标体系的国际金融中心发展研究

IFCD指标体系是全面、综合、科学分析金融中心排名的指标体系。通过运用IFCD指标体系,我们可以比较不同金融中心的竞争力,从而更好地预测金融中心的发展潜力,规划金融中心的发展方向。近年来,上海国际金融中心建设取得了长足的进步,然而距离成熟发达金融中心,上海还有很长的路要走。上海的国际金融中心建设任重而道远。     

Adoption of IFRS in Spain: Effect on the comparability and relevance of financial reporting

EU Regulation 1606/2002 requires application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by groups listed on European stock markets. In Spain, listed groups are now obliged to prepare consolidated financial information under IFRS, and legislative changes to bring local rules into line with international standards have been tabled.In this context, the potential impact of IFRS is fraught with uncertainty. Our study of IBEX-35 companies focuses on the effects of the new standards on comparability and the relevance of financial reporting in Spain. We address these objectives by seeking significant differences between accounting figures and financial ratios under the two sets of standards (i.e. Spanish accounting standards and IFRS).The results obtained show that local comparability has worsened. The study reveals that local comparability is adversely affected if both IFRS and local accounting standards are applied in the same country at the same time. Reforms to bring local rules into line with international standards are therefore urgent. We also find that there has been no improvement in the relevance of financial reporting to local stock market operators because the gap between book and market values is wider when IFRS are applied. While there has been no gain in terms of the usefulness of financial reporting in the short-term, improved usefulness may be achieved in the medium to long-term.     

Formal Participation in the EFRAG’s Consultation Processes: The Role of European National Standard-Setters

While the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) considers European national standard-setters (NSSs) as close partners that play a vital role in its legitimacy, empirical evidence on EFRAG’s consultation processes and the involvement of NSSs therein remains scarce. We use a multi-issue/multi-period approach to investigate the formal participation in EFRAG’s consultation processes. By examining 2,102 comment letters submitted to EFRAG in the 2002–2015 period, we find that NSSs typically outweigh other stakeholder groups in terms of level of participation across stages of the consultation process and project topics. Although NSSs’ level of participation is rather stable over time, it significantly varies across European countries. We also provide a recent classification of European NSSs and show that NSSs’ level of participation varies by their institutional status and is the highest for private NSSs. Our findings have implications for aspects of the legitimacy of both EFRAG and NSSs and shed light on the role of intermediaries in international accounting standard-setting.     

金融发展的金融相关比率分析

戈德史密斯认为,金融相关比率有提高的趋势;金融相关比率达到一定的发展阶段该比率将趋于稳定.这两个结论只是一种经验的判断,戈德史密斯并没有进行数理的论证.本文在前人的基础上主要做了以下工作:(1)探索性地推导了金融相关比率的上界极值和收敛值,证明了戈德斯密斯的两点结论,提出了在金融发展过程中可能存在的阶段性;(2)通过回归分析得到我国金融相关比率受货币化比率和金融中介比率影响较大,而经济增长率和通货膨胀率对金融相关比率影响较弱;(3)对中国的金融相关比率进行了时间序列分析,并对我国长期的金融相关比率进行了预测.作者认为金融管理者可以通过有意识的调控货币化比率和金融中介比率,间接调控金融相关比率,来选择我国金融发展的稳定路径.     

The impact of total quality management adoption on small and medium enterprises’ financial performance

This paper examines whether the management accounting practice of total quality management (TQM) positively impacts on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). While research has investigated the impact of TQM on larger firms, to date, there has been no comprehensive analysis of the impact of TQM on SMEs’ financial performance. Our analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics financial data for 3776 SMEs found no evidence that TQM improved financial performance after controlling for size and risk. Our results contribute to literature by highlighting that management accounting practices developed for larger companies may not necessarily be transposable to SMEs.     

Maximising international returns: Impact of IFRS on foreign direct investments

This study investigates whether the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by a country increases Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) and impacts the profitability of investments conducted by Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs). The proposed regression models are tested on a data set containing 493 observations of Swedish companies’ FDIs in 73 countries made during 2007–2014. Empirical evidence is provided for a significant impact of IFRS adoption on FDIs and earnings generated by foreign investments, depending upon the extent of IFRS implementation and the level of convergence. This study also suggests that IFRS adoption is significant both for FDIs and reported profits obtained through FDIs for developed countries, contrasting with emerging markets. Finally, this is one of the first papers to empirically test and confirm that several significant underlying variables (including IFRS), which can explain both FDIs and profits reported by MNEs, are identical.     

Foreign affiliates of the world largest financial groups: Locations and governance

This paper has two objectives. The first is the documentation of the relative importance of the largest financial groups in the world. The list of top 50 financial groups ranked by total assets in 2003 is compared to a similar list available for 1986. The second objective is to examine where financial firms are expanding their operations and to document some of the factors that may explain the most-favoured locations of these financial groups.The results of this study have two important implications. First, they indicate that location-specific advantages such as size, human capital and cultural distance, do provide an explication of the internationalization of financial firms. Second, they show that good governance has a strong impact on the choice of countries by firms.     

Relevance of Differences between Net Income based on IFRS and Domestic Standards for European Firms

Net income adjustments resulting from mandatory 2005 IFRS adoption in Europe are value relevant for financial and non‐financial firms. Differences in relevance of the aggregate adjustment and adjustments related to several IFRS standards, for financial and non‐financial firms and across country groups, suggest differences in domestic standards and institutions affect investors’ assessment of the relevance of IFRS accounting amounts. Despite these differences, except for French/German non‐financial firms, investors view net income measured using IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement as more relevant than that measured using domestic standards, which is notable because IAS 39 was highly controversial in Europe.     

Convergence with IFRS in an expanding Europe: progress and obstacles identified by large accounting firms’ survey

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) acquired greater legitimacy and stature when the European Union (EU) decided to require all listed companies to prepare consolidated accounts based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) beginning in 2005. This study examines the progress and perceived impediments to convergence in 17 European countries directly affected by the EU's decision. These include: (1) the 10 new EU member countries, (2) EU candidate countries, (3) European Economic Area (EEA) countries, and (4) Switzerland. We utilize data collected by the six largest international accounting firms during their 2002 convergence survey. Additionally, we analyze subsequent events and studies.While all surveyed countries will either require or effectively allow listed companies to prepare consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS by 2005, few are expected to require IFRS for non-listed companies. This suggests the development of a “two-standard” system. The two most significant impediments to convergence identified by the survey appear to be the complicated nature of particular IFRS (including financial instruments) and the tax-orientation of many national accounting systems. Other barriers to convergence include underdeveloped national capital markets, insufficient guidance on first-time application of IFRS, and limited experience with certain types of transactions (e.g. pensions).     

金融企业社会责任与财务绩效关系的实证研究

从企业社会责任的概念出发,根据利益相关者的理论框架,提出以股东、员工、消费者、政府为利益相关者的金融企业社会责任指标体系,运用极值标准化处理原始数据和层次分析法设置权重.并通过对我国上市的14家银行2003～2007年的面板数据进行相关分析和回归分析,验证了金融企业社会责任与财务绩效之间的关系,结果基本上证实了金融企业履行社会责任可以提高财务绩效等理论假设.     

The Effect of Tournament Incentives on Financial Restatements: Evidence From China

In this study, we examine the association between tournament incentives and financial restatements in China. Prior research documents that tournament incentives have a positive impact on firm performance. However, an alternative view suggests that tournament incentives can also have detrimental effects on firm performance. Using a sample of Chinese listed companies for the years 2008–2015, we find that tournament incentives, in the form of large pay disparities, reduce the occurrence of both core and non-core financial restatements. This negative association is more pronounced for SOEs as compared to non-SOEs. We further document that the negative association between tournament incentives and financial restatements is related to CEO turnover, and is stronger if the successor CEO is recruited from within the organization. This research contributes to a better understanding of tournament incentives, as a corporate governance mechanism, in constraining the occurrence of financial restatements in a unique institutional setting where state ownership is pronounced.     

Microfinance institutions and International Financial Reporting Standards: An exploratory analysis

Previous studies analyzing firms’ incentives to choose international accounting standards show that firms with strong contracting incentives will be more likely to comply with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). These studies are mostly centered on developed economies and are based on European and US data. Little is known about development finance organizations’ incentives to choose to draft their financial statements according to IFRS. Because commercialized microfinance institutions (MFIs) have strong contracting incentives, we investigate whether commercialization drives the choice of IFRS and study a pooled international sample of MFIs’ audited financial statements extracted from the MIX from 2007 to 2014. Consistent with our predictions, evidence shows that commercialization and maturity (age) are likely to drive the MFIs’ choice to comply with IFRS. Results are robust after controlling for heterogeneity in national regulations with regard to IFRS.     

A comparison of debt measures in fiscal statistics and public sector financial statements

This paper examines the differences between measures of debt used to analyse a government's financial position. It compares the statistical and accounting approaches and presents a way of reconciling the two statements: thereby identifying possible convergence between GPFS and GFS. In doing so, it contributes to the ongoing international debate on harmonization of public sector accounting standards, such as IPSAS/EPSAS and GFS.     

The impact of central bank digital currency news on the stock and cryptocurrency markets: Evidence from the TVP-VAR model

This study employs a non-linear framework to investigate the impacts of central bank digital currency (CBDC) news on the financial and cryptocurrency markets. The time-varying vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model developed by Primiceri (2005) is estimated based on weekly data from the first week of January 2015 to the last week of December 2021. The vector of endogenous variables in the VAR estimation contains the Central Bank Digital Currency uncertainty index (CBDCU), cryptocurrency policy uncertainty index, S&P 500 index, VIX, and Bitcoin price. The TVP-VAR model’s time-varying responses demonstrated that the reactions of the cryptocurrency market to central bank digital currency announcements vary remarkably over time. The impacts of the CBDC shocks on the financial market have been increasingly visible during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the time-varying forecast error decompositions, CBDCU and VIX shocks have accounted for most of the variance in cryptocurrency uncertainty and Bitcoin return shocks, notably during the COVID-19 period.     

金融发展理论国外研究的最新进展

金融发展理论已经由早期的以新古典经济学为基础的M-S范式经由以内生增长理论为基础的内生金融发展理论发展到以新制度经济学、新政治经济学为基础的新制度金融发展理论。金融发展理论的研究范围已经由发展中国家(或地区)扩展到各种类型的国家(或地区),研究内容从发展中国家如何通过金融深化促进经济增长扩展到金融中介、金融市场如何产生和发展,从发展中国家的金融结构问题扩展到不同金融体系的比较上,从具体的金融机构观扩展到一般的金融功能观,从研究金融发展与经济增长关系这样的显在问题深入到研究金融(自身的)发展规律等潜在问题,进而由仅考虑经济变量扩展到考虑正式制度变量再发展到考虑非正式制度变量,诸如历史、文化、宗教和社会习俗等制度背后更深层面的因素,由把制度变量当作外生变量处理发展到把制度视作经济体系的演化博弈的内生过程。     

中国金融发展中的稳定性问题研究

经过 2 0多年的改革开放 ,我国金融在国民经济运行与发展中的地位和作用日益重要 ,金融发展已成为经济发展的先导与推动力量 ,金融稳定是经济稳定的先决条件。但我国现行金融制度的缺陷加大了中国金融业内在的不稳定性 ,金融发展中重数量增长、轻质量提高的倾向及其粗放式经营所导致的结构失衡和效率低下削弱了金融发展的稳定性 ,金融产业化发展进程中的矛盾也对稳定性产生了不利影响。在现实国内外的金融发展格局下中国金融必须坚持走稳健发展之路 ,需要通过金融的稳健发展促进并保持经济的稳健发展。为此需要以金融创新为金融发展的内在推动力 ,以调整金融结构为近期重点 ,增强中国金融发展中的稳定性 ,同时加快金融体制改革 ,消除金融发展中的不稳定因素。     

金融创新、金融风险与金融稳定的理论分析

金融创新、金融风险和金融稳定的关系是一个具有现实意义的问题,金融创新是金融领域各种要素的重新优化组合和金融资源的重新配置。从微观层面看,金融创新对金融稳定的促进作用体现在金融风险规避、金融效率提高和金融市场发展。从宏观层面看,金融创新有助于货币融通、金融体系稳定和金融发展安全等。而另一方面,金融创新可能带来金融脆弱性、危机传染性和系统性风险,并给金融监管带来巨大挑战,对金融安全产生负面冲击。     

中国金融状况指数的构建及其时间演化特征

通过选取利率、汇率、房价和股价等方面的指标,利用VAR广义脉冲响应模型赋权来构建中国金融状况指数,并运用马尔科夫区制转移模型对其进行时间演化特征分析。结果表明:中国金融状况指数具有非线性、周期性和两阶段动态变化特征,且在扩张阶段和紧缩阶段表现出相互变迁的结构性突变。同时,中国金融状况指数在各区制内的平滑概率值较大,均接近于1,说明各区制具有一定的持续性。     

Implementing IFRSs in the public sector: caveats from a case in the UK

This article assesses the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) in the United Kingdom public sector. Possible motivations for the move are suggested before presenting the findings of interviews with, and a survey of, key personnel. The primary issues discussed are the rationale, challenges and costs associated with implementing IFRSs. The article concludes that the policy appears to have been implemented against a backdrop of indeterminate benefits and to be a continuation of New Public Management-style reforms with their emphasis on public sector professionalization and the language of accountancy.     

企业社会责任研究

企业社会责任是构建企业与社会和谐关系的基本思想,然而我国企业在履行社会责任方面还存在一些问题,人们对企业社会责任的认识还存在误区,企业没有树立正确的生产经营意识和经营理念,企业在建立企业社会责任体制方面不够健全,政府和企业社会责任划分不清,因此企业要转变观念以提高承担社会责任的意识,政府要加强法制建设,抓紧研究制定企业社会责任的法律法规,强化政策导向,形成企业社会责任的激励机制。