Structured problem solving for materiel managers

A structured approach to problem solving and solution documentation is one of the keys to continuous improvement. Without it, it is quite possible to solve the wrong problem, to solve the right problem in the wrong way, or (maybe worst of all) to solve the same problem over and over again. Companies that have figured out how to solve the right problems in the right way, once and for all, will ultimately move forward much faster than their competitors.     

数据挖掘——CRM中的动力

客户关系管理(CRM)在中国已经取得了长足的进步,越来越多的企业将客户作为一切工作的出发点,比以往更加重视客户忠诚度和客户利润贡献率的提升。但是,在CRM发展的过程中依然存在着很多问题需要解决,最为显著的莫过于面对庞大的客户和销售数据,我们该如何去利用?正是为了满足这种要求,从大量数据中提取出隐藏在其中有用信息的数据挖掘技术得到了长足的发展。数据挖掘的出现和应用必将使得CRM取得成功。文章从CRM和数据挖掘的涵义谈起,论证了数据挖掘技术在CRM中应用的可行性和必要性,着重阐述了如何在CRM中应用数据挖掘技术的问题。     

货物配装和车辆路径问题的一种联合求解方法

货物配装和车辆路径问题(VRP)都是NP难问题,启发式算法是求解此类问题的常用方法。求解单配送中心多车型的货物配送问题,需要改进传统遗传算法:首先采用双层结构表示染色体,车辆数无需事先确定;然后对随机产生的客户序列,利用三叉树算法进行货物配装确定每辆车的配装方案,从而可以知道每个客户的货物装车顺序;依据先装后卸的原则,可得每辆车的客户装车顺序的逆序便是每辆车的客户配送顺序;最终得到货物配装方案和配送方案。基于此思想,通过Java编程验证了一个实例,证明算法切实可行,对实际作业有一定借鉴作用。     

Creating a culture of change

The objective of this presentation is to assist companies in creating a culture of change. In the 1970s our manufacturing companies pursued planning as the answer to competitive strength. Throughout the 1980s, we networked with suppliers and customers and smoothed the product flow. Now, in the 1990s, we are focused on the end customer to drive our programs to simplify the process to gain a competitive edge! Each of these answers was correct for its time. Stepping back from it all, however, we can see that the only lasting advantage is the underlying ability to adapt and change; to reinvent our companies again and again amid a rapidly changing, increasingly competitive environment.     

面向B2C及C2C业务的快递服务网点选址优化模型与算法

在分析各小区域潜在顾客群的特点及其构成的基础上,为了以最小的费用、最短的时间服务尽可能多的顾客,结合快递物流的特点,建立了混合0—1整数规划的快递服务网点的选址优化模型。该模型是一个高维、非线性、非凸性的复杂函数优化问题。为求解此模型,开发了一种改进遗传算法,实例表明,该算法能高效求得模型的最优解,是求解快递物流服务网点选址这类复杂优化问题的一个较好方法。     

关于中美贸易摩擦的思考与探索

近年来,中美经贸关系取得了稳定发展,两国间双边贸易额持续增长,但与此同时,中美贸易摩擦也频繁发生,主要表现在"反倾销反补贴不断增多"技术性贸易壁垒花样不断",而产生摩擦的根本原因就是中美贸易不平衡。如果这种现象得不到有效控制,必将影响到中美双边贸易的正常发展。因此,积极探索妥善解决贸易摩擦问题的途径将是保持我国经济可持续发展的重点所在。     

危城

暴雨、洪涝从北到南,这个夏天,灾害在中国肆虐。据民政部8月9日发布数据,7月份,各类自然灾害共造成中国6180.1万人次受灾,402人死亡,464.3万人次紧急转移安置或需紧急生活救助。扛过了7月,进入8月后,人们又开始备战台风。伤亡数字和经济损失在不断考验着政府的应急管理能力和应急产业指导策略。官员开始反思,市民开始行动。灾害在带来伤痛的同时,也重构安全概念,唤醒公民意识,这是今夏中国在灾害面前最大的进步。     

解决中小企业融资难问题的新视角——融资租赁

中小企业融资难既是一个世界性难题,也是一个长期性问题,解决中小企业融资难的问题,必须不断增加融资渠道,创新融资方式。融资租赁作为一种"融资与融物"一体化的方式,具有其自身的优势,是解决中小企业融资问题的一个有效方式。     

“Apple”理念在当下的精品酒店设计中的启发

时尚注重体验的"苹果"设计是本世纪不得不提的话题,以特色精致服务著称的精品酒店从上世纪开始风靡全球,文章将两者作类比分析,把"苹果"优秀理念与酒店的文化结合,用一种独特的方式呈现现代社会中的精品酒店设计。     

On a bivariate Markov process arising in the theory of single-server retrial queues

We introduce a bivariate Markov process which can be seen as the joint process of the channel state and the number of customers in orbit of a Markovian single-server retrial queue with state dependent intensities. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the process to be regular, and necessary and sufficient conditions for ergodicity and recurrence. A product-form formula for the stationary distribution is obtained. Besides, we study the busy period, the number of served customers and other related quantities. We show that for all the above problems there exist "equivalent" birth-and-death processes. However, a "uniformly equivalent" birth-and-death process does not exist.     

基于模糊C-均值聚类的ETC系统客户的逃费分析研究

随着我国ETC系统的普及,ETC系统客户的管理也成了急需解决的问题。文章主要通过利用模糊C-均值聚类的方法对采集到的收费数据进行分析,找出异常点对应的ETC系统客户,进行重点分析和重点监控,确定是否存在逃费行为,以减少通行费的流失,实现科学、合理、高效的管理。     

苏州锦诚物流运作模式研究

第三方物流企业提供的物流服务为客户创造了"第三利润源泉",其作用越来越被重视,但是由于我国第三方物流起步较晚,因此第三方物流企业运营管理的科学性有所欠缺。文章就苏州锦诚物流公司为例,对其公司物流运作模式进行了研究,提出该公司在经营运作过程中所存在的问题并给出相应的改进方法,通过解决这些问题来增强企业在市场中的竞争力。     

Data center supply chain configuration design: A two-stage decision approach

Data centers are special-purpose facilities that enable customers to perform cloud based real-time online transactions and rigorous computing operations. Service levels of data center facilities are characterized by response time between query and action, which to a large extent depends on data center location and data travel distance. Another aspect of service level is resource up-time availability, which is determined by data center configuration. Data center location and configuration decisions are, therefore, of great significance to ensure uninterrupted operations in customers of manufacturing and service industries relying on cloud-based computing resources. In this study, following a grid-based location approach, we present two mixed integer linear programming models for capacitated single-source data center location-allocation problems. The first model provides optimal locations, capacities and configurations of data centers, and allocation of demands to open facilities when there is no existing facilities in the region. Our second model considers the decision problem of meeting new demand when the existing demand is met by the already opened facilities. We term these newly arrived demand as replication demand, which results either from emergence of new users of existing customers at distant locations in the future, or as a means of increasing data resilience by creating data replication as a backup. To solve the decision problem for meeting primary and replication demand optimally, we propose a two-stage decision algorithm. The algorithm provides optimal locations, capacities and configurations for new data centers, capacity addition decisions to the existing facilities and subsequent allocation of demands. Both models and solution algorithm are implemented using AMPL programming language and solved with CPLEX solver. The models are found to be scalable and capable to provide high quality solutions in reasonable time.     

RSB-CWS算法解决CVRP问题

RSB-CWS算法结合了蒙特卡洛模拟和CWS节省算法,利用蒙特卡洛模拟对CWS算法节省列表中顾客对间的边进行模拟,模拟过程中采用基于类几何分布的直接抽样方法进行路径采样。对模拟得到的边序列应用CWS算法,所得解的质量能达到或者优于当前最优解.与其他CVRP问题算法相比具有高效、高质量的特点,且可以解决规模较大的CVRP问题。     

Service load balancing,task scheduling and transportation optimisation in cloud manufacturing by applying queuing system

Recently, there is a great deal of attention in Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) as a new service-oriented manufacturing paradigm. To integrate the activities and services through a CMfg, both Service Load balancing and Transportation Optimisation (SLTO) are two major issues to ease the success of CMfg. Based on this motivation, this study presents a new queuing network for parallel scheduling of multiple processes and orders from customers to be supplied. Another main contribution of this paper is a new heuristic algorithm based on the process time of the tasks of the orders (LBPT) to solve the proposed problem. To formulate it, a novel multi-objective mathematical model as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) is developed. Accordingly, this study employs the multi-choice multi-objective goal programming with a utility function to model the introduced SLTO problem. To better solve the problem, a Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm is developed to tackle this optimisation problem. Finally, a comparative study with different analyses through four scenarios demonstrates that there are some improvements on the sum of process and transportation costs by 6.1%, the sum of process and transportation times by 10.6%, and the service load disparity by 48.6% relative to the benchmark scenario.     

价值创造理念与动态管理方法相结合的企业现金流管理分析

西方财务学界充斥着“现金为王”的行为准则,由此就可看出现金流管理在企业财务管理中的重要地位,如何更好地实施企业现金流管理,笔者对国内外相关领域文献进行了整理分析,得出了价值创造理念与动态管理方法相结合的企业现金流管理应该是比较符合现金流本质特征和适应企业未来发展的一种方法,并进行了简要的分析。     

让每个平方米的仓储收益多起来

相对西方发达国家,中国的仓储服务业具有占地面积大、自动化程度低、投资回收期长、仓储服务普遍处于微利等行业特点.在当今中国物流“外包“需求不断上升、生产性客户普遍追求企业“零库存“的市场背景下,同时还面临着仓储用地资源日益紧缺,仓储企业竞争压力不断加大的新形势.如何提升仓库每个平方米的收益,如何探索差异化增值服务来增强仓储部门的竞争能力,文中从仓储服务中的业务延伸、时间管理等方面进行了一些有益的实践探索和初步的理论研究,对改善仓储服务、提升传统仓储业的竞争能力都将具有显著的现实意义和战略管理借鉴意义.     

Explaining incubators using firm analogy

Incubators are initiated to accelerate the development of new technology-based firms. Policy actors see them as a tool to initiate or revive innovativeness in regions and universities as a way to commercialize research results. However, even though the intended results of the incubator are good it is not known how the incubator should be managed and organized in order to achieve this end. When faced with a new type of organizations analogies can provide insights gathered from other contexts. To contribute to the further understanding of incubators this paper discuss the implications, in terms of highlighted dimensions and further clarifications needed when using the analogy of a firm. The paper uses empirical findings from six incubators. The discussion shows it is not clear who is the actual customer of the incubator. For example, can the policy actors that provide the funding to the incubator be seen as a customer paying for the service of regional revival and the NTBFs customers when their fees are not in relation to the services they are provided? In the discussion it is suggested that the incubator can have many customers with different value creation processes or no customers depending on the viewpoint taken.     

助人为乐的“道德困境”研究

本文运用博弈模型揭示了"助人为乐"现象逐步沦失的经济学原理,结论显示:在一定的假设前提下,出现了"道德困境"。即:不提供帮助和实施报复是经济人的最优选择。为了改变这一低效率的均衡,本文引入政府行为变量后再次博弈,最终得出解决"道德困境"的途径。