韩国消费者政策的现状及发展方向

当前国际贸易正在快速发展向无限竞争时代。在面对和克服对外经济贸易环境的变化与金融危机的过程当中，韩国国内产业发生着相应调整，消费者主权也得到了显著增强。韩国消费者政策，正从过去的单纯对消费者损害进行救济的层次，逐渐向果断解除防碍消费者自由选择的原有的法律上和产业结构上的限制，建立如制造物责任制度等消费者安全制度、加强对商品消费者的信息提供服务、支持２１世纪型先进消费者教育等的方向发展。     

日本的竞争政策分析

日本的竞争政策分析“竞争政策比较研究”课题组在步入社会主义市场经济新体制的进程中，竞争政策的健全和完善无疑具有举足轻重的地位。一个好的竞争政策，不仅会起到优化市场秩序、促进竞争，最终达到微观上主体行为合理，宏观上资源配置逼近最优配置的作用，而且会消除...     

发展中国家竞争政策中的消费者保护

本文认为,发展中国家竞争政策中的消费者保护有其特定的含义,它不仅包括通过维护和促进竞争提高消费者福利水平的内容,还包括防范与禁止厂商欺诈行为以保护消费者合法权益及运用直接价格干预的方法保护低收入个人消费者的内容.文章提出,发展中国家的竞争政策应专注于促进竞争、提高效率、增进消费者福利,并通过政策目标和竞争例外范围的设定与其他经济和社会政策相互协调,解决消费者权益保护和低收入人群保护的问题,避免竞争政策执行过程中因目标和标准冲突而造成的混乱和低效率.     

日本新政策影响中国出口

<正> 近日从中国驻日大使馆商务处了解到,日本今年4月起修改实施的普惠制取消了3种中国产品的普惠资格,增加了许多新的项目,这一调整将对中国出口企业产生重要影响。 对价值1.4亿美元的中国产品     

日本服务贸易的发展及启示

近些年，日本服务贸易飞速发展，其服务贸易进出口额均进入世界前列。日本在发展服务贸易过程中有很多成功经验和教训值得我国借鉴和总结。本文通过对日本服务贸易发展状况的分析，得出日本发展服务贸易的经验和不足，并以此作为我国发展服务业的启示。     

美国消费信贷的经验分析与我国消费信贷市场的发展

本文通过对美国和我国消费信贷市场的比较分析,归纳我国消费信贷市场发展的经验得失,在此基础上,提出发展我国消费信贷市场的政策建议。     

Entrenchment of New Governance in Consumer Policy Formulation: A Platform for European Consumer Citizenship Practice?

Consumer typologies reveal categories of the consumer that stretch from the vulnerable to the empowered notion of the consumer citizen. At the empowered end of this spectrum, consumers in Europe have a developing, normative, organisational structure that provides channels for the consumer voice to influence consumer policy at the European level. This is an organisational structure with mechanisms for developing an effective consumer empowerment and enforcement framework across all EU Member States. It is a framework that forms a coherent whole with the European-level consumer institutions. This paper examines the integrated nature of these institutions and their role in influencing the development of consumer policy through a multi-level platform of new governance. It discusses the normative processes that, through empowerment and engagement, are encouraging a consumer citizenship practice to exploit these channels of communication in order to influence policy development.     

Consumer Law and Policy in Kenya

This contribution seeks to examine the consumer protection law and policy in Kenya with a view to understand how consumer issues, such as product safety and product liability, are addressed as well as the remedies for defective goods. It also seeks to understand the available provisions on the safety standards of consumer products, such as mobile phones, by highlighting the consumer issues that arise for mobile phone users with particular reference to the services provided by mobile network operators (MNOs) – i.e., the financial services and products – and how the consumer protection regime has addressed them. It will conclude by examining how the Kenyan consumer law has manifested itself, either by its influence on other states’ consumer laws and policies or the way(s) in which its own laws have been influenced by foreign and supranational consumer laws. References will be made with regard to the influence by the European Commission (EC) Product Safety Directive, the EC Product Liability Directive, the EC Consumer Sales Directive and the EC Unfair Commercial Practices Directive. Furthermore, this contribution will highlight the challenges encountered with respect to the achievement of a consumer protection regime in Kenya, as a result of the fragmentation of the law and policies.     

Consumer Law and Policy in Ghana

This paper presents a picture of the landscape of consumer law and policy in Ghana and reviews the scope of protection of consumer interests with specific regard to product safety and liability, consumer sales, and telecommunication services. It assesses the legislative and policy framework on consumer contracts, product safety, and unfair commercial practices; discusses the role of national agencies in enforcing safety standards; and highlights some critical consumer issues in telecommunications service delivery. The paper examines the regulatory framework on other consumer issues such as advertising, labelling, and marketing of consumer products; terms and conditions of consumer contracts; and after sales services including the enforcement of guarantees, warranties, refund, and return policies. The paper also discusses the extent of external influence on the development of consumer law and policy in Ghana and reviews the level of interaction with other legal systems and supranational bodies in the three focal areas. The contribution also explores areas of Ghana’s consumer protection framework which could benefit from guidance from the EU transnational model on consumer protection and makes recommendations for the enhancement of the emerging legislative and policy regime on consumer protection in Ghana.     

我国政策性银行发展问题研究

随着中国加入世界贸易组织和市场经济体制的逐步建立,金融体制正在加大改革力度,政策性银行正面临新的挑战。政策性银行要得到发展,必须开辟新的业务领域和功能,转变政策性资金配置目标的侧重点,摆正政策性银行在我国金融组织构架中的位置,调整有关法规并提高其科学性,改善财政补贴机制,尽快化解潜在风险。     

日本对WTO新的谈判的一些考虑

<正> 近日,《日本经济新闻》报道了日本对世贸组织(WTO)新的谈判的一些考虑。在新的磋商中,日本谈判战略的课题是如何协调好在完善贸易规则方面的攻势和在农业领域的守势,做好发展中国家的争取工作是其战略的关键。日本最积极地主张新的磋商中须包括一揽子内容。日本一直认为,为弥补双边或区域性自由贸易协定的不足,必须强化多边贸易规则,建立稳定的贸易和投资环境。但在农业谈判中,日本希望能够避免在形势不利的状态下继续孤军作战。为此,在新的磋商中日本将与同样     

英国消费者保护法评析

一、背景在二十世纪三十年代以前,英国消费者如果因产品质量问题而受到损害,只能根据合同法寻求法律救济。但前提是作为原告的消费者与被告之间要存在合同关系,即所谓“合同关系不及于第三人原则”。据此,消费者一般不能依据合同法将生产商推向被告席。因为在一般情况下,消费者和生产商之间并没有建立直接的合同关系。生产商的产品往往要经过多个环节才能最终进入消费者手中。反之,如果消费者要根据合同法提起诉讼,便只能起诉与之建立有合同法律关系的销售商。在这样的法律框架下,消费者的权利不能够得到很好的保护。消费者在寻求合同法救济…