论广告中的情感诉求——开启心灵的密码

古人云：感人心者，莫先乎情。好的商品广告往往是为受众着想，关心受众的感情，调动受众的情绪，使其沉醉于广告形象所给予的愉悦和认同感之中，从而在潜移默化中接受那些附着于或暗含于广告中的商品信息。在广告实践活动中，广告创意人员往往采用情感诉求的方法以唤起消费者的情感，进而使之转化为购买产品使用的行动。     

性诉求广告及其传播效果探微

什么是性诉求广告?它有哪些主题?广告能否通过性诉求增强其传播效果?有哪些因素会影响这一效果?通过综合分析国外对性诉求广告的实证研究,文章对以上问题进行了初步回答:1、性诉求在提高受众注意的同时却妨碍了他们对品牌信息的编码;2、能提高受众对广告的情绪情感体验的同时又不能肯定将之转移给其产品;3、受众的性别、年龄、人格特质等因素是重要的制约因素。     

试析广告的恐惧诉求

广告的恐惧诉求是指利用人们害怕的心理来制造压力试图改变人们态度或行为的方法。从传播学的角度来看,影响恐惧诉求有效性的主要因素是受众的接受心理和信息内容的本身两个方面。而恐惧诉求的信息内容只有具备了有效构成因素和适宜的诉求强度,才有可能被受众接受并产生预期的传播效果。     

浅析情感诉求在广告心理学中的应用

情感诉求通过诉求消费心理需求的情感内容,如欢乐、情爱、幽默、怀旧等,去感染、说服消费者,进而让大众形成积极的品牌态度.本文试图对情感诉求在广告心理学中的应用策略做出相关探讨.     

探析房地产广告感性诉求中的人文关怀

本文从感性诉求在房地产广告中的运用着手,以实证案例解析房地产感性诉求包含的人文关怀。     

房地产广告诉求对消费者消费心理的影响

本文所探讨的不是楼盘开发商是否应该或者该怎样营造他们宣传的、消费者预期的"生活方式"的问题,而是希望从广告心理学及文化传播的角度分析在现有条件下如何使开发商的广告宣传与他们的产品之间形成一个更好的融合点,以此促进楼盘销售的同时在业界和消费者中形成口碑,树立品牌形象,更为关键的是引导一种健康向上并可持续发展的居住理念。     

广告中的罪恶感诉求研究述评

罪恶感诉求在现代广告中运用已经非常广泛,但罪恶感诉求并非万能灵药,合理的运用需了解其作用机制和影响因素.依据已有最新研究成果,文章首先介绍了罪恶感诉求的概念,其次总结了罪恶感诉求在广告中的作用机制,然后介绍了影响罪恶感诉求广告效果的因素,最后指出当前研究不足并提出策略建议.     

中西方性诉求广告在表现形式上的差异比较

虽然中西方文化背景、受众心理有差异,但是对于广告的表现却异曲同工。我们需要学习西方的观念和创意,却不能简单地生搬硬套,符合中国的文化生长环境才能长久生存。文章从五个方面比较了中西方性诉求广告在表现形式上的差异,学习西方成功的性诉求广告表现方式,取其精华去其糟粕,才是中国性诉求广告发展之道。     

浅谈现代广告中的情感诉求

<正>如果广告只注重介绍产品功效的理性诉求,很容易使人产生"王婆卖瓜,自卖自夸"的印象和逆反心理。而富有人情味和艺术性情感诉求的广告,通过激发消费者积极的情感体验,可以有效地克服消费者的心理抗拒,使其在潜移默化中接受广告影响,达到润物无声的效果。一、情感广告对消费者消费心理的影响     

Gender and Professional Ethics in the IT Industry

In this paper, we discuss the ethical responsibility of the Information Technology (IT) industry towards its female workforce. Although the growing IT industry experiences skills shortages, there is a declining trend in the representation of women. The paper presents evidence that the IT industry is not gender-neutral and that it does little to promote or retain its female workforce. We urge that professional codes of ethics in IT should be revised to take into account the diverse needs of its staff.     

Gender effects on consumers’ attitudes toward comedic violence in advertisements

Abstract

This study examined gender’s effects on attitudes and tendencies to share online ads containing comedic violence. The results show that males enjoyed comedic violence more than females, when the perpetrator of the comedic violence was male, regardless of the victim’s sex; and, when the perpetrator and victim were both female. When the perpetrator and victim were of different sexes, the impact of attitudes toward comedic violence on sharing the ad varied by gender. However, when the victim and perpetrator were of the same sex, there was no significant gender difference in the effects of attitudes toward sharing the ad.     

Gender portrayals revisited: searching for explicit and implicit stereotypes in Cypriot magazine advertisements

The study pursues a line of inquiry into contemporary gender stereotypes drawn from print advertisements in Cyprus. The investigation of implicit modes of stereotyping suggested by Goffman across explicit gender roles yield novel and interesting insights that broaden existing knowledge on male and female advertising depictions. Through a content analysis of 3.729 characters, the study reveals the existence of gender clichés in Cypriot magazine advertisements. Neither male nor female evolving roles are adequately reflected in advertisements, as men tend to be portrayed in traditional masculine stereotypes while women lean towards decorative portrayals. Implicit stereotyping is more likely to suggest the subordination and lower status of women compared to men. The study indicates that advertising in Cyprus reinforces the diffusion of hostile sexism by the underrepresentation of professional women and their commonplace portrayal in body revealing attires. At the same time, the high proportion of women's implicit subordination signifies benevolent sexism. The distorted representation of both genders raises key public policy concerns, as diminishing portrayals hold sway upon men's and women's psychological well-being and professional development.     

‘The Business of Ethics and Gender’

Unethical decision-making behavior within organizations has received increasing attention over the past ten years. As a result, a plethora of studies have examined the relationship between gender and business ethics. However, these studies report conflicting results as to whether or not men and women differ with regards to business ethics. In this article, we propose that gender identity theory [Spence: 1993, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 64, 624–635], provides both the theory and empirical measures to explore the influence of psychological gender traits and gender-role attitudes on ethical perceptions of workplace behaviors. Statistical analyses of the data reveal that based on sex alone, no differences occur between men and women in their ethical perceptions. Yet, when a multidimensional approach to gender is applied, results show that expressive traits and egalitarian gender-role attitudes contribute to both men’s and women’s propensity to perceive unethical workplace behaviors as unethical. The implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are presented.     

Gender Differences in Ethics Judgment of Marketing Professionals in the United States

This empirical investigation reexamines the impact of gender on ethics judgment of marketing professionals in a cross-section of firms in the United States. In the study, gender differences in ethics judgment focus on decisions in the context of marketing-mix elements (product, promotion, pricing, and distribution). The results of statistical analyses indicate that men and women marketing professionals differ significantly in their ethics judgment. Overall, female marketing professionals evinced significantly higher ethics judgment than their male counterparts. Given the changing demographics of corporate America, it is conceivable that ethical decision-making in organizations stands to improve as the ratio of women in executive positions increases. The finding also bodes well with the recent emphasis of moving away from transaction-based in favor of relationship-focused conceptualization of marketing.     

Organizational Ethics: Perceptions of Employees by Gender

As more women enter the work force and assume management positions in corporations, increasing attention is being given to employment diversity. In addition, studies suggest that females have more propensity for ethics than males. However, these results may be debatable and limited data are available to substantiate these claims or assess gender differences among employees. Ethics codes can aid in supporting policies and enhancing corporate diversity. To assist one company in the development of an ethics code, a survey of 4005 employees in one U.S. corporation was conducted to ascertain their opinions of the ethical environment of the company. The survey used the Ethics Environment Questionnaire (EEQ), consisting of twenty items on a 5-point Likert-type scale; reliability on Cronbach's alpha was 0.94. Response rate was 50%, with the sample paralleling the population in proportion of males and females. Respondents reported a profile of 3.18 out of the high of 5.0, but with several significant differences between the male and female employees, including differences on education and position. Males were more in agreement than females that the firm had an ethical environment. On some items, however, males and females were in strong agreement. Comparisons to prior studies were drawn, including suggestions for ways corporations could use an ethics survey to tailor in-service training, enhance diversity in the work force, and support the development of an ethics code.     

Effects of alcohol warnings and advertisements: A test of the boomerang hypothesis

Two experiments examined the effects of warnings and advertisements on memory, intentions, and benefit and risk perceptions. The experiments were designed to replicate an important recent study (Snyder & Blood, 1992), where it was suggested that an alcohol warning may have a boomerang effect such that drinkers perceive alcohol as having more benefits when the warning is present. In Experiment 1, a planned comparison did not support the boomerang effect. A larger sample size was used in Experiment 2 to increase the statistical power to detect the boomerang effect, but the effect was not observed. In both experiments there was evidence that advertisements led to greater perceived benefits and lower perceived risks. There was some evidence that warnings increased perceived risk and reduced advertising effects on perceived benefits. Subjects' sex and alcohol use were often strongly related to the dependent measures. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Assertiveness Bias in Gender Ethics Research: Why Women Deserve the Benefit of the Doubt

Gender is one of the most researched and contentious topics in consumer ethics research. It is common for researchers of gender studies to presume that women are more ethical than men because of their reputation for having a selfless, sensitive nature. Nevertheless, we found evidence that women behaved less ethically than men in two field experiments testing a passive form of unethical behavior. Women benefited to a larger extent from a cashier miscalculating the bill in their favor than men. However, in three follow-up studies, we found that women did not necessarily intend to benefit at the expense of someone else. Women are less prone to speak up to a cashier than men are, even when the mistake is made in their disfavor. These results reveal that gender differences in assertiveness affect differences in unethical behavior.     

Culture,Gender, and GMAT Scores: Implications for Corporate Ethics

Business leadership increasingly requires a master’s degree in business and graduate management admission test (GMAT) scores continue to be an important component of applications for admission to such programs. Given the ubiquitous use of GMAT scores as gatekeepers for business leadership, GMAT scores are likely to influence organizational ethical behavior through gender, cultural, and other biases in the GMAT. There is little prior literature in this area and we contribute by empirically documenting that GMAT scores are negatively related to the cultural dimensions of masculinity and power distance and are positively related to math literacy, uncertainty avoidance, and individualism. We estimate that cultural factors may account for as much as an 80-point difference in cross-national mean GMAT scores which are also related negatively to local language literacy, national educational spending, wealth per capita, wealth inequality, and gender development. Most interestingly, we also find a significant negative association of GMAT scores with ethical orientation. These findings have important implications for business schools and corporate ethics and leadership.     

Business Ethics in Turkey: An Empirical Investigation with Special Emphasis on Gender

In today's complex business world, the question of business ethics is increasingly gaining importance as managers and employees face numerous ethical dilemmas in their jobs. The ethical climate in the Turkish business environment is also at a critical stage, and the business community as a whole is troubled by ethical problems. This study attempts to determine the effect of individual, managerial and organizational factors on the ethical judgments of Turkish managers, and to evaluate the ethical perceptions of these managers. The findings of this study reveal that the ethics score, the measure of ethical judgment, of Turkish managers differs significantly only with respect to gender and that female managers have higher ethics score than male managers. Other individual, managerial and organizational factors considered in this study do not have any significant effect on the ethical judgments of the managers. A comparative analysis between female and male managers in terms of their ranking of the eleven ethical business scenarios, ranking of the sixteen unethical acts, ranking of the factors influencing managers to engage in unethical practices, and ranking of the various parties to whom a company is socially responsible enables the researchers to enlighten the subject of business ethics in Turkey.