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国外航空工业补贴对我国补贴大飞机项目的启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国政府已正式启动大飞机自主研发项目,基于大飞机项目的高投资、高风险、高技术特性,国家必须对该项目进行巨额补贴才能使其顺利进行.但是,中国加入WTO时已对补贴措施做出一定承诺,近几年西方发达国家又依据其国内法对我国某些产品采取反补贴措施,中国在大飞机项目中实施补贴将面临诸多困难.本文对欧美补贴其航空工业的具体措施作简单介绍和评析,以借鉴适用干我国航空工业,为我国大飞机项目进行补贴的基本思路提出初步建议. 相似文献
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中国把大飞机项目作为国家"十二五"规划的重点,面临波音和空客的双寡头垄断,中国的大飞机作为市场挑战者,想成功打破这种垄断局面具有多重困难.文章总结了波音与空客的博弈竞争策略,从市场定位、产品差异化、自主创新等方面分析了对中国发展大飞机项目的启示,并提供参考建议. 相似文献
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案例简介
加拿大庞巴迪公司(Bombardier Limited)是仅次于美国波音和欧洲空客的世界第3大航空航天制造商,在小型公务机、支线飞机和水陆两用机方面居全球领先地位。巴西航空工业公司(the Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica,简称Embraer)是全球第4大民用飞机制造商,是巴西的最为重要的出口企业之一。 相似文献
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我国的“大飞机”项目从前期论证到最后立项的过程中,除了各界关注的技术问题之外,政府在如此大的项目中需要扮演的角色也是一个重要的讨论话题。大飞机作为一种特殊的商品,对于其研发是否需要财政投入以及需要以何种方式投入这些问题.都可以在财政学范畴内探讨。 相似文献
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本文通过对我国民航事业快速发展的需要、我国航空工业发展历程以及国际航空工业发展趋势的全面分析,结合我国大飞机研制自主创新和A320总装线国际合作项目的引进,提出我国民用航空工业发展需坚持两条腿走路的原则,并要解决好两者之间的关系。 相似文献
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民间粮食储备研究综述及其政策启示 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
粮食是国民经济的基础,尤其是在我们这样一个人口大国,自然禀赋相对稀缺,地区发展不均衡,人口数量呈绝对上升趋势,城镇化加速发展带来的耕地日趋减少的情况下,搞好粮食储备事关国计民生。民间粮食储备可有效弥补国库库容小,储备能力不足,占用资金过大,账实不符,陈粮不能及时轮换等缺点。本文综合分析了国内外的民间粮食储备现状,提出了政府资助扶持农户粮食储备的设想,这种设想倘若得到实现,必将有利于我国粮农(尤其是种粮大户)增加收入,保持种粮积极性,维持未来粮食生产能力,是当前我国寄希望通过直接补贴政策提高粮农收入水平的一种有益补充。 相似文献
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改革开放以来,中国经济一直保持高速发展,然而地区经济发展不平衡加剧,东西部经济发展差距不断扩大,西部大开发实施的效果不如人们的预期,国家经济政策导向在促进东西部经济发展缩小差距、实现地区经济均衡发展并最终实现共同富裕的过程中日益必要。本文就西部地区经济发展中国家的经济政策导向进行探讨,并提出了具体的政策建议。 相似文献
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We examine strategic research and development (R&D) policy for quality-differentiated products in a third-market trade model. We extend the previous work by adding a third exporting country, so that the market structure is international triopoly. We show that the presence of the third exporting country affects strategic R&D policies. With three exporting countries, the lowest-quality exporting country gains from taxing domestic R&D and the middle-quality exporting country gains from subsidizing domestic R&D under both Bertrand and Cournot competition. As in the duopoly case, however, the optimal unilateral policy for the highest-quality exporting country depends on the mode of competition. Various cases of policy coordination by exporting countries are also examined. 相似文献
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研究排污税、减排补贴对减排的影响机理,并从污染排放控制效果、等量污染排放下的社会福利影响等方面对减排效应进行比较分析,得出以下结论:排污税率、减排补贴率均与污染排放负相关,与社会福利水平的关系均受税率和补贴率的影响;当税率和补贴率等量提高时,排污税效果比减排补贴的效果好;当经济由未采用政策到采用政策而导致等量减排时,就社会福利的增加量而言,减排补贴比排污税的社会福利增加量大。此研究结论从政策的减排效果和福利影响方面,给予政府制定减排政策提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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Sylvain H. Boko 《Atlantic Economic Journal》2001,29(1):75-86
This paper estimates a fixed effects tariff model to study the impact of the tariff reform provisions of international agreements on domestic tariffs, using a sample of eight Sub-Saharan African countries. The structure of the model explaining domestic tariff changed from the preagreement period to the postagreement period. However, the results indicate that for the most part, efforts by governments to adhere to tariff agreements failed in all but a few countries. Even for the countries in which the agreements appeared to be successful, the significance of the results is relatively weak. 相似文献
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Ernest Dautovic 《International Economics and Economic Policy》2017,14(1):167-185
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of real-time projections of fiscal policy stances on government bonds long-term interest rates using a panel of 20 OECD countries between 1992 and 2008. To deal with endogeneity arising from forecasts of fiscal balances the paper exploits instrumental variables and GMM estimators together with the variation in real-time primary balances. The study shows how a static specification that does not include the one-period lag of the interest rate is prone to serial correlation and to downward bias in standard errors. To correct the bias, a dynamic specification with the lagged interest rates used as explanatory variable should be used due to the intrinsic persistent behavior of the interest rates. Results show that when the persistency of the interest rates is taken into account, it corrects the bias in standard errors of the estimates, and the correlation between fiscal policy variables and sovereign rates disappears: the inertia of the behavior of interest rates is the only variable affecting the relation. 相似文献
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Shishun Xiao Yuansheng Jiang 《美中经济评论(英文版)》2004,3(5):67-73
In this paper, the development and present status of agriculture subsidy of China are analyzed, and the background, objective and recent practice of direct farmer income subsidy in China are introduced and evaluated, at last some suggestions are given. 相似文献