竞合行为对装备制造业市场拓展的影响

以我国装备制造业20家上市公司的市场经营数据为样本,从市场效率、市场份额、产品差异等角度考察竞合对市场拓展产生的影响。研究发现,竞合行为的模式不同对装备制造业市场拓展产生的影响也不同,竞合行为并不会必然使双方都获得收益。从分析数据看,以关联联盟形式进行的竞合更能导致企业相对市场效率的改变,以规模联盟形式进行的竞合更有利于产品差异化,而在市场进入方面两种形式的竞合没有显著差异。显然,装备制造业如何理性选择竞合行为和实施策略以参与国际竞争成为亟待解决的问题。     

美日企业专利战略的差异及其启示

专利战略被认为是国际市场中占据优势、获取最佳经济效益的秘诀。美日各具特色的专利在专利战略的模式、战略 的侧重点、技术的市场化、管理制度等方面既有相同之处,也有较大差异。美日两国专利战略的经验对中国企业正确定位专 利战略、研究开发投入与创新、健全专利机构、加快专利技术商品化有很好的启示。     

节能减排政策对城市生态效率的影响——基于NDDF-DID的市级实证研究

采用非径向方向性距离函数测算了2005—2016年我国的城市生态效率,发现我国城市生态效率取得了明显改进,采用双重差分法实证研究了节能减排政策对城市生态效率的影响,结果表明:节能减排政策显著提高了城市生态效率,趋势性检验和安慰剂检验验证了双重差分估计的有效性和稳健性。最后,根据研究结果提出我国应该坚持推进节能减排政策,扩大节能减排政策的覆盖范围,加强节能减排政策的财政支持力度,同时指出城市在执行节能减排政策过程中,应当注重建立长效机制,以更好地实现节能减排政策的效果。     

"双循环"格局下基于价值网络重构的中国纺织业转型升级路径

摘要：在“双循环”新发展格局下，为推进在我国经济社会发展中发挥重要民生作用的纺织业转型升级，破解其“低端化”与“高碳化”双重锁定困境，立足双重价值链视角，基于价值星系理论重组产业链、供应链和价值链，形成双重价值链嵌入范式，选取波司登作为分析对象，采用纵向探索性案例分析方法，演绎新发展格局下纺织业在双重价值链分工中转型升级的实现路径并揭示其背后逻辑。研究发现，以顾客需求为导向，在价值星系成员的协同合作下创造具有竞争优势的系统集成产品，是我国纺织业破解双重锁定困境的关键；对纺织业产业链、供应链、价值链进行重组获得高水平自主转型升级能力，是我国纺织业采取主动战略参与国际分工的重要前提；基于重构的“产业链—供应链—价值链”三维度价值网络找到自身优势节点进行升级，是我国纺织业摆脱陷入线性升级动力不足和“交互锁定”困境的重要路径。     

IS THERE A CURSE OF RELOCATION? ANALYSING THE CAUSAL LINK BETWEEN OFFSHORING AND THE INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF (SMALL) FIRMS

We analyse the empirical link between offshoring activities and different dimensions of innovation performance at the firm‐level. In order to identify causal effects running from offshoring to innovation, we use a quasi‐experimental comparison group approach by means of (conditional) difference‐in‐difference estimations applied to German establishment‐level data for firms that conducted offshoring activities in the period 2007–13. We find that the international relocation of business functions has a negative impact on the firms’ propensity to be innovative in terms of product and process innovations as well as product improvements. While for larger firms the reduction in process innovations is most striking, potentially due to a lack of resources, stagnation in expertise and a reduction in intra‐organizational learning‐by‐doing associated with the relocation of some business activities, for small and medium‐sized enterprises we particularly observe a reduction in product innovations after the offshoring activity has taken place. When interpreting this ‘pessimistic’ picture on the link between offshoring and the innovation performance of firms, the reader should note that our findings for German establishments have to be assessed through the lens of a global economy in economic recession after 2008, which may have intensified the negative impact of offshoring on the firms’ innovation performance.     

产品差异、转移成本和市场竞争

文章通过在豪泰林空间差异模型的基础上结合转移成本构建的博弈模型,主要研究转移成本和产品差异的存在对于企业价格竞争和策略性行为的影响。文章发现纯策略价格均衡是否存在以及在位企业容纳还是遏制竞争对手的潜在进入,都依赖于转移成本相对于产品差异程度的大小。     

江苏中南部地区麦玉米稻新三熟制的生态与经济适应性分析

本文根据田间试验和生产调查结果，对麦玉米稻三熟制在苏中南地区的生态经济和社会条件适应性进行了系统的分析，结果表明，新三熟制在该地区的温度、降水和土壤生态适应程度都较高，亩产量比两熟提高24％左右，经济收益也同步提高。从社会需求性和劳动力负担来看，发展新三熟制也是可行的。     

Duopoly competitions with capacity constrained input

This paper focuses on the duopoly substitutability product with an upstream input subjected to capacity constraints. The effects of capacity constraints are captured. Combining competition effect with constraint effect, some interesting conclusions are reached. First, the relationship between capacity constraints and firm size is addressed. We argue that the capacity constraints reduce market size difference and price difference under Cournot. Second, under the Stackelberg case, the existence of solution is proved, and Stackelberg competitions enlarge firm-size difference and price difference if the more efficient firm plays the leading position. When the weaker firm plays the leading position, the conclusions depend on the total capacity. Finally, under the Stackelberg case, when the stronger firm plays the leading position, the firm-size difference and price difference decrease with total input under capacity constraints, which is contrary to the conclusions under Cournot competitions.     

Have Free Trade Agreements Created Trade? Evidence from CEPA

This paper revisits the issue of trade creation effects in multi‐stage free trade agreements (FTA). In contrast to the empirical studies that use the gravity equation to study trade creation effects, we apply a triple difference in differences approach to resolve their shortcomings, including factors being omitted and endogeneity. After the identification of treatment and control groups at the eight‐digit Harmonized System (HS) code product level, the regression analysis results show that there are no significant trade creation effects with the FTA, suggesting that the role of FTA may be a signalling beyond trade.     

The Strategic Management of Trade Secrets in Technology-based Firms

The importance of trade secrets to the effective strategic management of technology-based firms can make the difference between economic success and failure for significant new product lines, or even the firm itself. This article proposes the conceptual outlines of a framework addressing the strategic management of trade secrets. The author identifies three environments that strongly influence strategy formulation (legal and market) and strategy implementation (organizational). A conceptual framework for trade secret strategy formulation is developed, offering a logical approach to reaching a managerial choice of trade secrecy over other forms of intellectual property protection. Discussion of trade secret strategy implementation invokes an emphasis on managerial control structures and mechanisms, focusing on the use of the trade secret audit, the identification of components of an implementation strategy (e.g., employee education, controlling physical and electronic access, and monitoring competitors), and an ever vigilant defense of trade secret protection pursued in the courts.     

The Strategic Management of Trade Secrets in Technology-based Firms

The importance of trade secrets to the effective strategic management of technology-based firms can make the difference between economic success and failure for significant new product lines, or even the firm itself. This article proposes the conceptual outlines of a framework addressing the strategic management of trade secrets. The author identifies three environments that strongly influence strategy formulation (legal and market) and strategy implementation (organizational). A conceptual framework for trade secret strategy formulation is developed, offering a logical approach to reaching a managerial choice of trade secrecy over other forms of intellectual property protection. Discussion of trade secret strategy implementation invokes an emphasis on managerial control structures and mechanisms, focusing on the use of the trade secret audit, the identification of components of an implementation strategy (e.g., employee education, controlling physical and electronic access, and monitoring competitors), and an ever vigilant defense of trade secret protection pursued in the courts.     

企业平台化变革与创新影响因素双案例研究

在数字网络技术与相关产业融合背景下,平台以创新思维引领经济发展。平台化变革与创新是企业实现升级转型的重要战略选择,无论是传统制造业延续性创新,还互联网企业突破性创新,企业均需要根据平台战略,通过突破转型障碍获得持续发展。在已有理论的基础上,结合海尔和滴滴两个企业平台化战略实施案例,揭示企业平台化变革与创新的4个影响因素。结果发现,企业变革与创新受用户参与、产品服务、资源体量、韧性与成长周期等因素影响。因此,应根据各企业实际情况制定平台战略,使其成为企业转型升级的驱动力。     

基于SPSS因子分析的皖江城市带产业承接能力差异性研究

2010年1月,皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区建设纳入国家发展战略。经过四年多的建设,皖江示范区已经成为安徽经济发展的新引擎。围绕四年来皖江示范区产业转移的实际情况展开分析,以各地区产业承接能力为对象、建立较为全面的评价体系,采用SPSS因子分子法,选取皖江城市带9个城市的8个一级指标进行实证分析,得出皖江城市带不同地区产业承接能力的差异。这将有利于构建科学合理、全面系统的产业转移承接平台。     

基于地理标志培育资源禀赋型产业集群核心竞争力的研究

本文在对地理标志资源禀赋型产业集群核心竞争力的内涵、差异及影响因素分析的基础上,从实施区域品牌战略、实施标准化战略、发挥地理标志产品管理行业协会的引导作用、培育产业集群的技术创新能力等方面提出了培育地理标志资源禀赋型产业集群核心竞争力的思路。     

多元化战略及其与企业绩效的关系

多元化战略是企业发展到一定规模和水平后所采取的战略。多元化战略的类型与企业所获取绩效的关系已越来越受到企业最高管理层的关注。本文采取企业问卷调查搜集数据的方法，运用多元线性方差分析，得出多元化战略类型与企业绩效的相应关系，为我国企业的多元化发展提供借鉴。     

扎根理论下新能源汽车协同创新战略研究

宇通作为中国客车行业的领导企业,不仅在新能源汽车领域领先发展,而且对新能源汽车产业发展贡献卓越。借助扎根理论研究方法,通过对宇通新能源汽车原始资料的三段编码,深入探讨其发展战略。研究发现,宇通公司通过组织创新、技术创新、市场创新和产品创新等多维度创新,形成了协同创新战略,这是宇通新能源汽车取得目前成绩的关键。其中,产品创新战略是协同创新战略的核心,组织创新战略是重要保障,技术创新战略是基础和重要组成部分,市场创新战略是必要手段。在此基础上,形成协同创新战略模型和协同创新5阶段推进战略。     

“互联网+”下大规模个性化定制产品的三元证据融合配置方法

为了解决“互联网+”大规模个性化定制下存在的产品配置方案规模大、参与定制主体数量多等问题,首先针对客户异质性特点,结合产品参数约束和实例推理给出了产品配置备选方案的界定方法,然后基于基本信度分配函数构建了能够从企业、消费者、客户3类主体中有效提取经验证据、评价证据、偏好证据的三元证据获取方法,并依据证据推理方法构建了可以对同时存在可靠性和重要性两种性质的三元证据进行融合决策的方法步骤,最后以红领西服定制为样本模拟了提出方法的具体操作过程,验证了方法的应用可行性。     

西部大开发战略对西部地区碳排放影响效应研究

西部大开发战略在促进西部地区经济增长的同时,也影响了西部地区的碳排放量。为衡量西部大开发战略对碳排放的影响效应,文章收集了我国30个省份1997—2017年的省际面板数据,以Eviews10构建DID模型进行研究分析。发现西部大开发战略在西部地区碳排放绝对量增长的背景下,并未增加西部地区的碳排放量,反而促进了西部地区后发优势的发挥,具有生态友好性;进一步研究发现,西部大开发战略使西部地区碳源结构进一步向煤炭碳源倾斜。西部大开发战略在新时期应促进西部地区技术经济的发展,合理利用西部资源的同时开发新能源,保持生态友好性,促进西部地区经济—生态双赢模式的发展。     

Why strategists shun technologists

A model of computer-integrated manufacturing as the integration of strategy, implementation and innovation is presented. Strategy emphasizes a clear understanding of the objectives and goals of the organization. Strategy can be understood in terms of the interaction between product and process strategies, critial success factors and product life-cycle. Implementation stresses an iterative incremental process based on strategy, user involvement and tolerance. Innovation is the result of a successfully implemented strategy. It is both organizational learning and change.     

Survey of the computer-integrated manufacturing literature: a framework of strategy, implementation and innovation

A model of computer-integrated manufacturing as the integration of strategy, implementation and innovation is presented. Strategy emphasizes a clear understanding of the objectives and goals of the organization. Strategy can be understood in terms of the interaction between product and process strategies, critial success factors and product life-cycle. Implementation stresses an iterative incremental process based on strategy, user involvement and tolerance. Innovation is the result of a successfully implemented strategy. It is both organizational learning and change.