自我职业生涯管理与科技人才组织承诺:工作内嵌入与专业认同的作用

以社会认同理论为基础,将科技人才自我职业生涯管理、工作内嵌入、专业认同和组织承诺整合在一个理论模型中,运用304个样本数据实证探究了四者间的关系。结果表明：注重自我职业生涯管理的科技人才,其组织承诺更高;工作内嵌入在自我职业生涯管理与科技人才组织承诺间发挥部分中介作用;专业认同度高的科技人才自我职业生涯管理对其组织承诺的正向影响更突出。     

人境匹配视角下员工创新行为研究

创新是当今社会发展的时代主题，对于企业而言，激励员工表现出卓越的创新性行为是提升企业创新优势的关键，而促进员工与企业融合则是实现上述目标的有效途径。基于人境匹配理论，系统探讨企业员工创新行为影响机制，构建个人领导匹配、个人组织匹配、领导认同、组织认同与员工创新行为结构方程模型，通过实证分析，结果发现：①员工领导匹配对领导认同、员工组织匹配对组织认同具有正向影响；②领导认同与组织认同对员工创新行为具有正向影响；③以上两种认同关系在人境匹配与员工创新行为之间起中介作用。该结论将原有人境匹配框架中的“匹配”有效扩展为“匹配-转化”框架，该框架在组织层面和个体层面的应用使人境匹配理论更加丰富和纵深，可为匹配理论视角下企业员工创新行为实践提供有益参考。     

人力资源管理动机归因如何催生员工的知识共享？

基于社会认同理论,研究人力资源管理动机归因(HRA)对知识共享的影响以及组织认同的中介作用机制,同时探讨任务互依性的调节作用。通过602份员工企业员工的调研数据,采用Mplus7.0软件构建有调节的中介模型进行检验。结果表明：承诺型HRA促进知识分享,控制型HRA削弱知识分享,组织认同完全中介了这一过程;任务互依性强化了组织认同与知识分享的正向关系,在任务互依性较高的情况下,强化了承诺型HRA对知识分享的正向影响,削弱了控制型HRA对知识分享的负向影响。     

权威、认同与家族企业代际传承问题

由于中国社会文化因素和家族企业自身的组织因素,家族企业中,员工的组织认同被领导认同所替代。领导认同支持和强化了领导权威,维系了家族企业中领导与员工权威关系的稳定性和有效性。但是家族企业的持续成长中,这种依赖个人基础之上的认同与权威有其局限和弊端。继承者的选择既要考虑传承的平稳过渡,也必须考虑到家族企业对认同与权威关系的处理。     

雇佣模式对员工创新行为的影响机制研究

雇佣模式如何影响员工创新行为已成为企业内外广泛议论的话题。从创新行为的组织影响因素出发，逐渐渗透到个体影响因素，探究工作安全感、组织认同感在雇佣模式与创新行为之间的中介作用，以及雇佣模式与心理契约感知不同维度对创新行为的交互作用。通过对439名不同地区员工调查发现：与无固定期限员工相比，固定期限员工更倾向于表现出较少的建言行为、组织公民行为和角色创新；工作安全感和组织认同完全中介了雇佣模式对建言行为的影响，部分中介了雇佣模式对组织公民行为和角色创新的影响；固定期限员工在交易型和平衡型心理契约感知下，表现为相对消极的组织公民行为和角色创新。     

Electronic word-of-mouth communities from the perspective of social network analysis

This paper is focused on the identification of influencers that can have an important impact over the decision-making of other users. For this purpose, a popular electronic word-of-mouth community like Ciao.com has been modelled as a social network. Using social network analysis techniques, the existence of influencers is justified by the power law distribution of user participation, and then they are identified using their topological features within the social network. The obtained results reveal that influencers are not determined by the number of performed reviews, but by the variety or scope of their performed reviews and their central position in the consumer network. The main contribution of this research is the identification of influencers based on the participation features of community users. As a difference to other studies, results are not based on surveys or opinions, but on the trace users leave when they post opinions, comments or scores.     

动态能力提升导向的新创企业组织学习研究

动态能力是新创企业生存发展的重要基础。新创企业组织学习应以动态能力提升为导向,围绕创业机会的识别、获取与开发进行。新创企业组织学习主要受创业者知识基础、心智模式及其战略共识以及新创企业知识管理能力、组织文化与社会资本的影响。因此,创业者应时刻保持学习的状态并积极引领组织学习,强化知识管理基础,做好组织学习规划,加强员工组织学习相关指导与培训,将新创企业打造成学习型组织并加强社会资本开发与利用。     

A general model for culture and technology

This paper offers a process model in which the interaction of technology and social institutions can be analyzed systematically within a single frame of reference. By considering both aspects of culture, not as substantive entities to be classified as to type, but as organizational states to be described and measured by a class of variables that is truly scaleable, it is possible to describe with precision and economy, a given state of techno-social organization and also design and predict future states of technological and social organization The potentialities and properties of various possible future states can be projected as highly compressed, synoptic models since the number of variables used to describe a real or projected system-state is small. Thus the model offers a versatile instrument for disciplining rich and diverse classes of data into manageable wholes. It also offers possibilities of making normative judgements of what kind of organizational linkages between technology and social institutions will produce relative consistency or effectiveness.     

Is the Efficiency Wage Efficient? The Social Norm and Organizational Corruption

The effectiveness of efficiency wage incentives is often jeopardized by perverse organizational corruption. We model organizational corruption as a phenomenon of social interaction and relate the substantial psychological role characterizing the social norm to the corruption problem. We find that if the status quo bribery rate within the firm is high, social norms can no longer serve as a sufficient sanction against a corrupt supervisor; pandemic organizational corruption tends to generate a critical mass effect—the snowball effect—which intensifies the corruption effect. This intensified effect, due to the snowballing character of social norms, may more than offset the usual incentive effect of wages, resulting in more widespread shirking in the firm.
JEL classification : D 82; J 41     

真心换真新：真实型领导风格对新员工创新行为的激发机制研究

随着“90后”成为新员工的主体,不同领导风格对其创新行为的激励作用越来越受到关注。基于认知—情感视角,探究真实型领导风格对新员工创新行为的影响机理,并识别师徒关系的调节作用。结果表明,真实型领导风格对新员工创新行为具有显著正向影响;组织公平感和工作投入具有中介作用,且组织公平感的中介作用更强;良好的师徒关系正向调节真实型领导风格和组织公平感、工作投入对新员工创新行为的影响,且关系越强,中介效应越显著。     

Political Economy and Organizational Leadership: A Hope-based Theory

Unlike other disciplines in the humanities and social sciences, economics has neglected leadership. This paper proposes that a distinctive leadership role is to facilitate the development of hope so that organizational members can sustain their commitments. The conceptual grounding for this approach can be found in the work of Amaryta Sen, Albert Hirschman and Jon Elster, who have tried to explain the effect of commitment and emotions on behavior. It is also proposed here that the authority organizational leaders have to call meetings gives them the capacity both to influence social interactions to carry out this role, and to gauge the organization's cultural strength and its members' receptiveness to inspirational information that can shape the choice of leadership styles.     

平台型领导对员工个体角色绩效的影响机制——被调节的链式多重中介模型

员工只达到传统的工作绩效已无法在动态工作环境中充分实现组织目标,包含熟练性、适应性、主动性的个体角色绩效更符合当今组织要求。因此,本文从领导视角出发,基于互惠原则及社会交换理论,纳入个性化交易、心理资本和组织支持感三个因素,通过对571份调查问卷进行层次回归分析法和Process中介效应检验法实证探讨平台型领导从员工行为和心理两条路径影响个体角色绩效的内在机制和边界条件,构建了一个被调节的链式多重中介效应模型。实证研究表明,平台型领导与员工个体角色绩效正相关,且个性化交易和心理资本在其关系中起到链式中介作用,同时组织支持感正向调节个性化交易及心理资本对员工个体角色绩效的影响。     

休闲福利与知识共享的关系探讨——兼论社会资本的作用

在这个信息大爆炸的时代里,知识共享是企业提高知识利用效率的最佳途径。然而,组织的知识共享并不容易在组织内自动发生,而是需要组织提供特定的环境。文章通过对企业休闲福利、社会资本与知识共享关系的探讨,得出的结论是:第一,企业为员工提供的休闲福利能够有效地提高员工的社会资本,而社会资本是促成组织知识共享的关键因素;第二,员工的社会资本越高,进行知识共享的意愿就越大;第三,组织内的知识共享更容易在非正式的休闲时间和场合中发生。在得出上述结论的基础上,文章还对企业提出了相关的建议。     

职业经理人、组织地位赋予与企业创新——来自家族企业的经验证据

职业经理人与家族企业有效融合是促进企业创新的先决条件。聚焦家族企业赋予职业经理人组织地位这一融合途径,探究家族企业赋予职业经理人组织地位对企业创新的影响。结果表明,家族企业赋予职业经理人组织地位能够促进企业创新;相较于约束型社会情感财富,延伸型社会情感财富对职业经理人组织地位赋予与企业创新关系具有更显著的促进作用。异质性分析发现,处于经理人市场发达地区、从属高技术行业以及信息透明度较高的企业,职业经理人组织地位赋予对企业创新的促进作用更显著。进一步研究发现,职业经理人的企业家精神在职业经理人组织地位赋予与企业创新关系中发挥中介作用。研究结论可为理解家族企业如何与职业经理人有效融合,进而促进创新提供新的经验证据。     

Social Economics and Evolutionary Learning

The major premise of this paper is that social and individual well-being depends significantly on people's capacity to learn and unlearn in communication with each other. This paper builds on social economic traditions that see communication and conversation as evolutionary generative and adaptive mechanisms through which individual and social learning occurs. Drawing on educational psychology and organizational behavior scholarship, five dynamic processes of conversational learning are introduced with the contention that they can help social economists understand at a micro level more deeply and more concretely how learning happens in the give-and-take of conversation. The paper explores the role of the state, organizations, and communities in fostering individual freedom and dignity, human rights, and economic democracy and concludes that the investment of value in people and their capability for purposeful action as social economic stakeholders can be enhanced through conversation as learning.     

Minutes of Spring Council Meeting, 1965, of the Catholic Economic Association

This research compares perceived organizational support to work–family balance measures and policies in various work environments to determine whether the organizational context can be a mediating variable or whether the social economy sector, with its mission and management approach (participatory decision-making) might have an influence on organizational support to work–family balance. We studied the social economy sector and compared findings with three other sectors in the public service that have a public service mission but not the same democratic or participatory management mode: a metropolitan police service, social work, and nursing, all in the same city. Our research identifies many significant differences between the four sectors, essentially owing to the characteristics of the social economy sector. In addition to our quantitative research, we conducted interviews (36) in the sector and results indicate that the specificity of the social economy sector, i.e. mission and management mode, explain the overriding concern for work–life balance in the social economy sector.     

Why are social enterprises good candidates for social innovation? Looking for personal and institutional drivers of innovation

The last few years witnessed theoretical and practical contributions to the field of social innovation and social enterprise. However, analysis of the interplay between these two different realms is still limited. This article aims to fill some gaps in this respect. We deal with historical reconstruction of the concept of Social Enterprise and Social Innovation, and their conceptual premises. We consider the process of creation of social innovation in social enterprises. As members’ motivations, ownership rights and governance rules in social enterprises create a new relational context and new routines, which are germane to the production of social knowledge and deliberation, social innovation can be considered one of the main outcomes of this setting. Social motivations, collective action of a cooperative kind, multi‐stakeholder governance and socialization of resources, and their interplay are singled out as main drivers of innovation. Social innovation is seen as akin to novelty in social interaction, a non‐standardized and non‐standardizable outcome of the operation of this organizational form.     

知识型员工知性特质与创新潜能：组织认同的中介调节作用

开发与培育知识型员工创新潜能，是企业创新驱动发展战略落地的重要举措。在问卷调查的基础上，采用结构方程模型，探索知识型员工知性特质（知识与性格）对创新潜能的作用路径，并检验在该路径上组织认同的积极影响。研究结果表明，员工知识对创新潜能具有显著直接促进作用，而主动性人格需通过组织认同的完全中介作用对创新潜能发挥间接影响；组织认同中的情境认同和深层结构认同对员工知性特质的效应发挥差异化调节作用。     

Organizational Cultures of Corruption

Systematic differences in the incidence of corruption between countries can be explained by models of coordination failure that suggest that corruption can only be reduced by a “big push” across an entire economy. However, there is significant evidence that corruption is often sustained as an organizational culture, and can be combated with targeted effort in individual organizations one at a time. In this paper, we propose a model that reconciles these two theories of corruption. We explore a model of corruption with two principal elements. First, agents suffer a moral cost if their corruption behavior diverges from the level they perceive to be the social norm; second, the perception of the norm is imperfect; it gives more weight to the behavior of colleagues with whom the agent interacts regularly. This leads to the possibility that different organizations within the same country may stabilize at widely different levels of corruption. Furthermore, the level of corruption in an organization is persistent, implying that some organizations may have established internal “cultures” of corruption. The organizational foci are determined primarily by the opportunities and (moral) costs of corruption. Depending on the values of these parameters, the degree of corruption across departments may be relatively uniform or widely dispersed. These results also explain another surprising empirical observation: that in different countries similar government departments such as tax and education rank very differently relative to each other in the extent to which they are corrupt. This is difficult to explain in incentive‐based models if similar departments face similar incentives in different countries.     

领导风格对员工工作投入的作用：组织文化和组织认同的影响

本文以中国企业员工为调查对象，对直接上级的变革型和交易型领导风格对企业组织文化以及下属的组织认同、工作投入的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明，变革型领导对组织文化以及员工的组织认同、工作投入都有非常显著的正面影响，而交易型领导的正面影响作用比较弱；两种领导风格都需要通过组织文化的中介作用对员工的组织认同和工作投入产生影响。