Gender Inequality in Employment in Mozambique

We investigate the gender employment gap in the expanding non‐subsistence sector of the economy in Mozambique, a country still characterized by a large subsistence agricultural sector. We show evidence that the gender gap has widened over time and we identify two structural factors strongly associated with it. One factor is the still relatively lower level of female human capital, with less attained education, as well as literacy and Portuguese proficiency rates. The lower conditional employment probabilities of married women, as compared with men, is the other factor. These findings point at expanding women´s education and facilitating the access of married women to the emerging labour market as the most effective ways of achieving a more inclusive growth path that does not leave women behind.     

Gender Differences in Schooling in Indonesia

Despite almost universal primary education in Indonesia, and increasing female educational participation, gender differences remain in access to Indonesian education. This paper attempts to measure and explain these differences at primary and secondary level in Indonesia's provinces between 1980 and 1985. It examines the relationship between provincial school enrolment ratios for males and females and four factors: school availability, formal sector employment, ‘drop-out’ patterns and marriage patterns. School availability is found to be a strong predictor of enrolment levels, and stronger for females than for males. Relationships between enrolment patterns and the other three factors appear less clear cut.     

五月,黄水林海春正浓千野火棘花似雪

5月,主城气温持续走高,春天的脚步渐远,夏天悄然而至.而此时的石柱黄水春意正浓,在那里,依然可以清晰地聆听到春天的花语,即使在一米阳光之内,也能感受到春天的美丽. 踏青赏花揽春色,风景这边独好 以“万亩森林、万亩石芽、万亩草场、万亩火棘”四大景观著称的千野草场,这时候总是澄澈的蓝天陪衬着悠悠白云,碧绿的草地映衬着逍遥牛羊.这里不但有北国草原的粗犷,亦有南方草地的妩媚.     

Hysteresis in unemployment in the Netherlands

Summary The Dutch labour market situation in the eighties can be characterized by the hysteresis phenomenon, i. e. a rising natural rate of unemployment as a result of the rise of actual unemployment in the past. It appears that the hysteresis phenomenon is more important in The Netherlands than in France and the United States and as relevant as in Germany and the United Kingdom. Because of the steep rise of unemployment in The Netherlands the natural rate of unemployment may have risen more than in Other European countries. As a consequence, the wage depressing effect of the current high unemployment rate has diminished rapidly.I thank J.C. Siebrand, D.P. Broer and C.B. Mulder for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper.     

贺年游齐鲁 17城市·贺年游产品精品集锦

济南1、悠活2人行D1:趵突泉、泉城广场、船游泉城、五龙潭、曲水亭街、大明湖新区、泉乐坊,品鲁菜风味餐、济南特色小吃,观《明湖曲韵》。     

The situation in currency markets in the CIS countries in 2009

The situation with currency markets in the CIS countries in 2009 was characterized by considerable fluctuations in national currencies against the background of the major problems in the financial sector, economic recession in most countries, slowing inflation in the consumer market, and deflation in prices of manufactured goods.     

Spoorwegen in Europa en in Amerika

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Women in rural development in Venda

Women frequently constitute the largest section of the adult population in rural communities of developing areas. For this reason, rural development can only take place if women at grassroots level are drawn to the centre of the arena, and their traditional concerns recognised and used as the starting point. In Venda, this approach is showing some positive results.     

新疆外贸行业市场结构变动分析

随着我国对外开放力度不断加大,内外环境不断改善,外贸行业准入门槛有所下降,新疆外贸企业数量不断增长,促进了新疆对外贸易规模呈现不断增长趋势,尤其是与中亚国家的贸易额不断上升。与此同时,2005年-2010年期间,新疆对外贸易的市场结构总体上竞争性下降,且出口部门和进口部门有显著差异。随着企业数量的增加,出口业务向更多的外贸企业分散,拉低了平均出口规模;同时,在局部上也呈现出口业务向位居前列的外贸企业集中的局面,即新疆外贸出口企业呈集团化发展态势;进口额的增长速度高于外贸企业数量增幅,且进口业务呈现向少数外贸企业集中的趋势,竞争性下降,垄断性增强。     

Effective Protection in Indonesia in 1987 1

This paper provides estimates of the 1987 levels of nominal and effective protection for 134 tradeable industries based on the 1985 Indonesian input-output table. The average nominal rate of protection was 11.5%; the average effective rate was 18.5%. The standard deviations of nominal and effective rates across the 134 tradeable sectors were 17 and 48 percentage points, respectively. The results confirm that the net effect of policies has been to subsidise manufacturing at the expense of mining and quarrying, and to a lesser extent agriculture. The average effective rates of protection for these broad aggregates were. 44% for manufacturing, including oil refining; 80% for manufacturing, excluding oil refining; 19% for agriculture; and -1% for mining (including crude oil and gas) and quarrying. Policy in 1987 was also strongly biased in favour of import substitution at the expense of export expansion: the average effective rate of protection for all import-competing sectors was 47%, while that for all export-competing sectors was -2%.     

Trends in Wage Inequality in the Netherlands

De Economist - In this paper I analyze changes in the wage distribution in the Netherlands. I use a matched employer-employee dataset that covers the population of employees. Wage inequality...     

收获2009奋斗2010温家宝就当前经济形势和2010年工作接受专访

新华社记者非常感谢您利用周末时间接受新华社的独家专访。我想提的第一个问题是，一年来，国际金融危机是我们应对的一个主要课题，可以说应对得惊心动魄，一揽子计划力挽狂澜，您亲身经历，一定有很多很多的感慨。大家想知道的是，您对中国应对国际金融危机打多少分？您最满意的是什么？最遗憾的又是什么？     

邮票上的陕西凤翔泥塑

马年跑过,羊年又来。人们惊喜地发现,国家邮票总局发行的马年、羊年生肖邮票的主图,都取自陕西凤翔县六营村的泥塑,充分展示了西部文化的优势和魅力。凤翔县彩绘泥塑以其历史悠久、造型生动、色彩鲜艳、古朴典雅的风格而代代相传,不断推陈出新。据《凤翔县志》记载:县境发掘出土的春秋战国、汉、唐时期的古墓随葬器物中,有各种形态的动物,人物陶俑,如虎、牛、鸽、猪、狗、羊、马、独角兽、骆驼等,其形制类似今日泥塑。唐代杨慧之在凤翔天柱寺塑有维摩诘像,多为后人效仿。据考证,凤翔的泥塑工艺品源于明朝朱元璋时代,其部下第六营士兵落户