论比较管理研究的现实与理论根据

比较管理研究注重于探讨不同环境和背景下的企业和管理体系的异同点。鉴于全球经济一体化的发展趋势，对中、美、日、欧洲等经济区域的国家从民族、宗教、文化背景探讨了现实差异与特点；对比较管理研究中的经济发展论、环境论、行为论、开放系统论及近来出现的文化论等五种理论基础作了分析；对比较管理的动因和意义作了分析。     

浅析企业慈善行为对消费者感知的影响

企业慈善行为影响消费者感知因素是通过一些具体要素来实现的,笔者认为企业慈善行为对消费者感知影响的要素内涵,主要包括领域、时机、资源、数量、宣传五大方面。针对这五方面,企业慈善行为采用不同方式会对消费者感知产生不同的效果,并通过对消费者感知因素的两个维度的影响进行了分析,在此基础上提出了一些建议。     

产业链、企业生产率与农副食品业纵向一体化研究

产业链纵向一体化是企业采取的一种重要竞争策略行为,涉及企业组织边界的变化。利用我国31个省、直辖市5年面板数据,实证研究上下游产业链因素和企业生产率对农副食品企业纵向一体化程度的影响。结果发现上游农业环节的比较优势水平和下游食品制造企业的生产率水平会正面影响农副食品业纵向一体化程度,农副食品业环节的比较优势水平会产生负面影响。农副食品企业生产率水平不仅正面影响其纵向一体化程度,还会对农副食品业比较优势效应产生负向调节作用。     

伊利股份纵向一体化战略绩效分析

近年来,许多大型企业都加快纵向一体化战略的实施。其中,伊利股份作为乳品行业龙头,其纵向一体化战略最具代表性。除了并购上游企业,伊利还通过参股、牧场建设和产业链金融实现与上下游企业的协同。本文将2000～2021年划分为三个阶段,分析伊利股份在其不同发展阶段的纵向一体化行为,并从盈利能力、发展能力和资产管理水平三个角度分析伊利股份纵向一体化行为的绩效,发现纵向一体化行为能够增强企业盈利能力,同时保障企业稳定发展,但随着纵向一体化程度的加深,企业对上下游的利益出让可能导致资产流动性的降低。     

农户行为对农业生态的负面影响与优化对策

农户不同的经济行为对农业的生态产生不同的影响。本文首先分析了农户的几种行为,并进一步分析了这些行为对农业生态产生的不利影响。然后提出优化农户经济行为,促进农业生态保护,实现农业可持续发展的几种措施。     

论企业并购的财务风险及防范

随着经济全球化的发展和经济一体化的进程,企业并购所涉及的资金交易越来越大,并购所产生的交易值不断增加,企业并购已经成为企业一项不可缺少的资本运营方式。在企业并购中,之所以会存在一系列的财务风险,是因为在并购过程中会出现一些不确定因素,比如经济周期的变化、通货膨胀和通货紧缩、利率的上浮和下降等因素,都会给企业并购带来一定的财务风险。本文首先对企业并购进行了简单的介绍,然后对企业并购的财务风险进行了分析,最后对企业并购中财务风险的防范措施进行了研究。     

产业集聚形成机理及其竞争力的经济学分析

以往产业集聚理论不同程度地强调了集聚是在市场经济的作用下自发形成的。以此观点为基础从企业的微观经济行为层面入手,按照经济学上对"理性人"假设的逻辑判断,通过构建产业集聚的决策模型和产业集聚竞争力分析模型,分别对产业集聚行为产生的内在机理和产业集聚竞争力进行了经济学分析,最后得出行业的附加值、技术增长率和集聚内厂家数量的年增长率是产业集聚竞争优势的关键影响因素的结论。     

我国企业社会责任动因调查

本文从Schwartz＆Car-roll的企业社会责任概念模型出发,提出企业社会责任的动因主要来自外在压力（制度动因）与内在驱动（经济动因和伦理动因）,并进一步分析三类动因在驱动企业社会责任行为中的作用。问卷调查显示,企业慈善公益行为的最重要驱动力来自于经济因素,其次是伦理因素;企业的环境保护行为、伦理动因和制度动因同样重要;企业在员工方面的社会责任行为更多的是经济因素的驱动,还有伦理因素。     

欧盟对饲料物流安全的集成化管理方法

全球经济一体化使得国际贸易日益频繁,物流管理也就成为了一项专业性很强的经济行为。文章介绍了欧洲在饲料原料采购贸易、饲料生产企业和养殖企业内部的原料和产品管理、信息采集分析和共享、专业化的计算机管理系统等物流管理方面一些成功的经验和做法,对我国粮食和饲料行业具有参考意义。     

对华农产品倾销与反倾销行为的产业损害分析

农产品贸易摩擦的背后是赤裸裸的产业利益.倾销行为不但影响了农产品的市场价格,也影响了产业、企业、上下游之间的贸易关系,造成了产业损害,破坏了公平竞争的贸易环境.笔者从宏观和微观两个不同的层面对倾销行为的产业损害做了理论和案例(马铃薯淀粉起诉案)分析,并以浓缩苹果汁应诉案为例探讨了反倾销行为的危害性.应该说,实施反倾销将引发一系列的经济效应,不仅会弱化反倾销措施对本国进口竞争产业的保护效果,而且还会加大执行反倾销的保护成本.     

Antitrust economic analysis in food marketing channels: a global perspective

Antitrust enforcement concerning monopolies, mergers, and cartels is converging across all market‐oriented economies in the world. This convergence is based upon neoclassical economic analysis of industrial organization. The role of empirical economic analysis, however, has not converged as rapidly as the conceptual model because different countries have different enforcement institutions and strategies. This article explains how antitrust enforcement has evolved over time from public agencies to a market for enforcement that admits private parties. Private party law suits, and especially class action law suits on behalf of groups such as farmers and consumers, is a mechanism for redressing the often superior legal and economic resources that defendant corporations have and public agencies do not have. Enforcement and the role of empirical analysis are compared in the United States and other countries. Examples of enforcement from different countries illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches. Finally, some insights explain how economists function in enforcement and the attributes required for success.     

建设用地扩张对经济增长的贡献及其区域差异研究

研究目的：应用1999 — 2007年分省数据,测度近年建设用地扩张对中国及不同区域经济增长的贡献及变化趋势,为土地政策制定提供依据。研究方法：效率评价法、多元回归分析法、比较分析法。研究结果：（1）1999 — 2007年中国固定资本、劳动力和建设用地的产出弹性分别为0.745、0.274和0.083;（2）初级产品阶段地区、工业化阶段地区、发达经济阶段地区建设用地的产出弹性分别为0.376、0.068和0.066;（3）地区技术效率和土地宏观调控对建设用地扩张存在显著抑制作用。研究结论：（1）建设用地扩张对经济增长的贡献随着发展阶段演进逐渐减小;（2）对处于不同发展阶段的地区,应实行差别化的土地管理策略与绩效考核方法。     

The Effect of Self-Sufficiency on Fruit and Vegetable Consumption of China's Rural Households

Multivariate analysis of variance and econometric analysis are used in conjunction to analyze China's rural household consumption behavior across households that differ in the level of self-sufficiency relative to the production/purchase of fruits and vegetables. There is a significant difference in consumption patterns for different households with different levels of self-sufficiency. Households that purchase but do not produce fruits and vegetables exhibit a notably more market-oriented price responsive behavior. The consumption decisions of households that produce fruits and vegetables, but do not purchase them, are influenced more heavily by implicit income effects than by implicit price effects.     

Farm diversification strategies in northwestern Spain: Factors affecting transitional pathways

The present paper identifies strategies that farmers have undertaken in northwestern Spain, an area characterized by late structural adjustment. For this study, a survey of over 559 farms has been conducted in four areas representative of different specializations and rural situations, from marginal to productive intensification. Farms have been categorized according to social and productive characteristics through a multivariable analysis. Four basic behaviors have been identified and connected with farm types and rural areas using a multiple correspondence analysis. These basic strategies were defined depending on whether investments have been made on farms to increase or intensify production and whether new on- or off-farm diversification activities have been introduced. This analysis allows us to assess transitional pathways for the future and to assume some consequences of farm behavior in connection with structural adjustments. Thus far, empirical evidence shows that the nature and main drivers of the diversification process are different from those in northern European areas. At the same time, a significant level of farm abandonment is registered.     

农村居民点人均用地面积差异及其影响因素分析——以湖北省孝感市杨店镇为例

研究目的:确定农村居民点人均用地面积存在盖异的影响因素.研究方法:方差分析法,多元线性回归法、主成分分析法.研究结果:通过分析认为扬店镇现状人均居民点用地差异主要由耕地资源禀赋、农业生产结构、农业生产效率和农民生活水平等因素引起.研究结论:促进扬店镇农村居民点集约节约利用的有效途径为改善农业生产结构、提高农业生产效率、完善农地流转制度和进行中心村建设.     

Approaching reality: Comparing stakeholder analysis and cultural theory in the context of natural resource management

Increased pressure on ecosystems and enhanced competition over the use of natural resources makes it necessary to develop sustainable methods for natural resource management (NRM). However, NRM is a complicated issue. It involves numerous stakeholders, with different needs, resources and perceptions of nature. Stakeholder participation will necessarily be selective, based both on theoretical assumptions about who is a legitimate stakeholder and unevenly distributed power among stakeholders. Although stakeholder involvement is important, sometimes the theory appears to be rather blunt. It has been suggested that, since different categories of stakeholders embody different perceptions of nature, cultural theory could provide important additional criteria for stakeholder involvement. Based on field studies in Naivasha, Kenya, this paper analyses pros and cons of stakeholder analysis and investigates the usefulness of cultural theory for improved stakeholder analysis.     

Economic potential for improving the nutritional characteristics of feed grains

A comprehensive set of potential new feed grains for Australia was evaluated to help establish the options with the highest priorities for research. The cost–reducing impacts of the different options were analysed using a linear–programming model that determined the least–cost feed rations for the different livestock industries. Economic welfare analysis was then used to estimate the size and distribution of the benefits of research from the feed grains quality–improving research. The analysis revealed that there are only limited opportunities to improve the productivity and competitiveness of Australia's livestock industries by improving the nutritional characteristics of feed grains.     

不同兼业程度农户耕地利用行为及其效率研究——基于甘肃、青海两省部分市县的实证分析

运用农户模型构建兼业对耕地利用行为及其效率的分析框架,在分离性成立的前提下,以农户调研数据为基础,利用分组比较、数据包络等方法分析不同兼业类型农户之间的耕地利用行为和效率的差异。研究结果表明:兼业类型对农户耕地利用方式和行为选择有显著的影响,不同类型农户的投入、管理行为和土地规模存在较大差异。总体来说,兼业农户的资本投入、劳动投入等高于纯农户,在兼业户中兼业户Ⅱ高于兼业户Ⅰ;不同的耕地利用行为又导致了耕地利用效率的差异,在分离性成立的条件下,数据包络分析计算出的技术效率表现为纯农户大于兼业户Ⅰ,且两者均大于兼业户Ⅱ。     

Innovation level and local development of EU regions. A new assessment approach

The main purpose of the study is to present a new approach to comparing EU regions according to their level of innovation. For many years, different organizations have published reports related to the innovation level of EU countries and regions. Usually, taxonomic methods are used to measure development in this area. The main disadvantage of this approach is that it offers an assessment of EU innovation level based only on the mean, while the main goal of this kind of analysis should include an assessment of results compatibility obtained in different areas constituting a composite measure. For this purpose, a different procedure based on the multi-criteria taxonomic method is proposed. In this method, the innovation level of every object (in the paper, EU regions) is assessed using results obtained in every group of indicators taken into account for this purpose. This means that EU regions can be divided into groups according their level of innovation in all considered areas, not only according to their mean value of development. This is the basic advantage of this type of analysis. An added value of the considerations presented in the paper is the possibility of obtaining supplementary information about the internal structure of the innovation of socio-economic objects. It should be emphasized that such analysis is a new approach to this kind of assessment. The results are especially relevant to associations such as the European Union, in which internal cohesion is one of its strategic developmental goals.     

杭州市住宅价格空间分异:基于特征价格的两维度分析

研究目的:从特征价格的视角,构建城市住宅价格空间分异的两维度分析框架,并对杭州市住宅市场进行实证研究。研究方法:文献资料法和计量分析法。研究结果:住宅特征对住宅价格影响程度的差异性以及住宅特征空间分布的不均匀性,导致了住宅价格的空间分异。研究结论:基于特征价格模型的分析框架是有效且合理的。