推进我国住房抵押贷款证券化的金融环境研究

商业银行推行住房抵押贷款证券化可以在很大程度上解决流动性风险问题,提高其资本充足率,同时为我国资本市场开辟了新的投资渠道。并且推行住房抵押贷款证券化能通过吸引机构和个人投资者将社会盈余资金导入房地产市场,优化资源配置,从而间接刺激有效需求,同时充分发挥房地产市场的杠杆作用,带动相关产业的发展,促进经济增长。建立活跃的住房金融市场,有针对性地扩大住房抵押贷款的供应量,同时,深化住房金融政策改革,为我国推进住房抵押贷款证券化创造良好的金融环境。     

高校贷款风险防范对策探讨

很多高校为快速发展欠下了高额贷款,目前高校的还贷高峰期已到,由于缺少还贷资金正常运行受到影响。这一问题如不及时解决将制约我国高等教育的持续健康发展。本文以吉林大学欠下巨额贷款为研究背景,结合我国高等教育公共政策的相关理论,对目前解决我国高校巨额贷款无力偿还这一问题进行探讨。     

提高贷款经济效益的几点建议

提高银行贷款的经济效益必须解决两个问题。一是考核贷款经济效益的标准是什么?二是用什么办法达到这个标准?目前有些同志主张把产值资金率或销售资金率作为考核标准。正反两方面的经验告诉我们,只用一个产值、销售资金率来考核贷款的经济效益,不仅不能完整地反映贷款的真正经济效益,而且容易把信贷工作引向单纯管资金、片面压贷款的错误轨道。就象工业、     

扩大内需亟待房地产证券化

本文提出解决房地产资金制度的有效办法,是实行证券化融资,推动房地产证券化,不仅能拓宽抵押贷款资金的来源,也能够增强抵押贷款的流动性。     

解决农民贷款难问题需要多方努力

对农民贷款难问题,应当有这样几个基本的判断:一是对农民的贷款需要应客观地进行分析,不是所有的需要都要满足,只有符合一定条件的有效需求才能给予支持,这类需求得不到满足才能称农民贷款难;二是贷款难问题对农村和农民来说,是经济发展过程中普遍存在的现象;三是看待农民贷款难问题,要有一分为二的观点,一方面是金融机构的服务不到位,但另一方面也反映出金融机构经营安全性原则得到贯彻,信贷行为是谨慎的;四是农民贷款难问题只能缓解,不可能从根本上解决,资金短缺在我国将长期存在,只要农村资金供给不足的问题得不到解决,农民贷款难问题就不可能根除;五是农民贷款难问题不能仅靠农村信用社一家解决,需要各类农村金融机构协调运作.     

流动资金及其贷款问题:成因与对策

我国企业流动资金紧张以及银行流动资金贷款高不良率等问题有着深刻的经济和体制原因,解决这些问题应该从转变经济发展战略和改变社会资金配置方式等方面入手。     

金融支农贷款和财政支农资金使用情况的调查与思考

为了认真贯彻落实中央“一号文件”精神，加强支农贷款和财政支农资金的协调配合，提高两项支农资金的使用效益，更好地促进农村经济的发展，我们对咸宁市支农贷款和财政支农资金的使用及效益情况进行了调查分析，并就解决这些问题提出一些粗浅的建议。     

经济发达地区村镇银行农户贷款创新模式研究——以昆山鹿城村镇银行为例

农户贷款难作为一个世界性难题,一直未能得到妥善解决。长期以来,我国运用各种手段致力于解决"三农"问题,其中以村镇银行为代表的新型农村金融机构,成为解决农村金融薄弱问题的一个重要手段。然而,农户由于先天的劣势,很难在金融机构取得资金支持。如何进行贷款模式创新,是解决"三农"问题的关键。本文旨在以经济发达地区的村镇银行为切入点,对农户贷款的创新模式进行深入探讨,并以江苏省苏州市昆山鹿城村镇银行为例,具体阐述农户贷款创新模式的机制和作用。     

浅论农村信用社如何适应市场需要做好贷款营销工作

农村信用社作为我国最重要的农村金融机构,除了支持地方发展经济外,自身也需要实现经营效益才能够生存和发展壮大.随着地方经济的不断发展,农村信用社的资金存量也在不断地增加,特别是四大国有商业银行陆续撤并农村基层网点之后,原来的存款业务相应地转给了当地的信用社,使得信用社的资金变得更加富裕了.过去单一的贷款方式已经无法适应新形势的发展.如何有效地运用资金,创造出更好的经济效益,是农村信用社迫切需要解决的问题.本文就农村信用社如何适应市场需要搞好贷款营销工作提出一些浅见.     

中小企业过桥贷款投融资的财务效应——来自我国中小企业板上市公司的证据北大核心CSSCISSCI

近年来,不少短期资金周转不灵的中小企业使用过桥贷款融资来解决资金缺口问题,而拥有闲置资金的企业则作为"放款人"参与到过桥贷款的投资中,试图获取高额投资回报。那么,过桥贷款投融资活动相对规模有多大,对企业财务绩效又将产生怎样的影响?本文以2008-2014年我国中小板非金融类上市公司为样本进行研究,结果发现:企业参与过桥贷款投资的资金规模起伏变化较大,过桥贷款融资的资金规模出现逐年增长趋势,样本企业过桥贷款融资规模大于过桥贷款投资规模;企业参与过桥贷款投融资活动,或者只参与过桥贷款投资、过桥贷款融资,均不能改善企业的财务绩效,甚至对于企业财务绩效具有负向效应。研究结论表明,企业不切实际的金融化选择,反而会恶化财务绩效,企业的持续发展应依托主营业务的创新驱动。     

我国农村金融市场的供需矛盾和成因分析

农村金融市场对推动农村经济的可持续发展具有巨大作用,然而目前我国农村经济发展迟、农民收入水平增长缓慢,本文认为其主要原因在于金融抑制,农村金融整体供需失衡,难以发挥农村金融的基本功能。虽然我国农村金融发展速度很快,规模也迅猛扩大,金融体系也进行了多次改革,但是,农村金融问题仍得不到很好地解决。由于农业、农村经济和农民问题始终是我国经济发展中的重要问题,因此,本文从供求理论视角出发,以一般功能理论为基础,对当前面临的困境及其成因进行全角度的剖析,有着较为重要的理论和现实意义。     

The Behavior of an Institutional Investor with Arbitrage Opportunities and Liquidity Risk

This study analyzes the efficiency of liquidity flows in stabilizing distressed markets from a theoretical perspective. We show that even in the event of a major negative market shock, a financial institution can increase its investment in the market when there is a strong incentive for arbitrage profit. However, the institution may choose to reduce its investment if the fear from liquidity risk exceeds the arbitrage incentive. In addition, our model reveals a positive relationship between funding liquidity and market liquidity. Our findings help to explain several financial issues in distressed markets, including the flight to quality, liquidity dry-ups, asset fire sales, and market shock amplifications.     

房地产金融调控政策效应评价:佛山实证

近年来,国家通过采取金融、财税、产业等政策措施组合对房地产市场进行调控,对于维护房地产市场平稳运行,促进经济健康发展起到了积极作用。但是,当前我国房地产供求矛盾突出、房价上涨过快等深层次问题并未得到有效解决。本文以佛山为案例的研究表明:宏观经济因素、前期的房价上涨情况、个人住房消费贷款、人民币汇率升值是导致房屋需求增加的最主要因素。为此,要提高房地产金融调控的有效性,应进一步完善房地产金融调控机制,实行需求调节与供给调节相结合的金融调控新方式;加强跨境资金流动管理,合理引导外资流向和流量。     

Reprint of: Market liquidity in the financial crisis: The role of liquidity commonality and flight-to-quality

We examine the dynamics and the drivers of market liquidity during the financial crisis, using a unique volume-weighted spread measure. According to the literature we find that market liquidity is impaired when stock markets decline, implying a positive relation between market and liquidity risk. Moreover, this relationship is the stronger the deeper one digs into the order book. Even more interestingly, this paper sheds further light on so far puzzling features of market liquidity: liquidity commonality and flight-to-quality. We show that liquidity commonality varies over time, increases during market downturns, peaks at major crisis events and becomes weaker the deeper we look into the limit order book. Consistent with recent theoretical models that argue for a spiral effect between the financial sector’s funding liquidity and an asset’s market liquidity, we find that funding liquidity tightness induces an increase in liquidity commonality which then leads to market-wide liquidity dry-ups. Therefore our findings corroborate the view that market liquidity can be a driving force for financial contagion. Finally, we show that there is a positive relationship between credit risk and liquidity risk, i.e., there is a spread between liquidity costs of high and low credit quality stocks, and that in times of increased market uncertainty the impact of credit risk on liquidity risk intensifies. This corroborates the existence of a flight-to-quality or flight-to-liquidity phenomenon also on the stock markets.     

Market liquidity in the financial crisis: The role of liquidity commonality and flight-to-quality

We examine the dynamics and the drivers of market liquidity during the financial crisis, using a unique volume-weighted spread measure. According to the literature we find that market liquidity is impaired when stock markets decline, implying a positive relation between market and liquidity risk. Moreover, this relationship is the stronger the deeper one digs into the order book. Even more interestingly, this paper sheds further light on so far puzzling features of market liquidity: liquidity commonality and flight-to-quality. We show that liquidity commonality varies over time, increases during market downturns, peaks at major crisis events and becomes weaker the deeper we look into the limit order book. Consistent with recent theoretical models that argue for a spiral effect between the financial sector’s funding liquidity and an asset’s market liquidity, we find that funding liquidity tightness induces an increase in liquidity commonality which then leads to market-wide liquidity dry-ups. Therefore our findings corroborate the view that market liquidity can be a driving force for financial contagion. Finally, we show that there is a positive relationship between credit risk and liquidity risk, i.e., there is a spread between liquidity costs of high and low credit quality stocks, and that in times of increased market uncertainty the impact of credit risk on liquidity risk intensifies. This corroborates the existence of a flight-to-quality or flight-to-liquidity phenomenon also on the stock markets.     

粤港澳金融共同市场构建进程中的法律协调机制研究

构建粤港澳金融共同市场是我国深化金融改革的一项重大举措。目前,金融共同市场的构建应主要通过市场自发解决,但市场机制有时会遭遇行政区划、法律制度等方面的障碍,在出现争端时需要适当的法律协调机制来处理。国际上许多区域经济一体化组织都设置了不同特征的法律协调机制,其中又以欧盟、北美自由贸易区的经验最值得借鉴。本文拟从法律的角度分析粤港澳金融共同市场建立和完善法律协调机制的必要性、可行性,并借鉴国际经验提出完善法律协调机制的建议。     

Multinational banks in the crisis: Foreign affiliate lending as a mirror of funding pressure and competition on the internal capital market

We investigate how the lending activities abroad of a multinational bank’s local and hub affiliates have been affected by funding difficulties during the financial crisis. We find that affiliates’ local deposits and performance have been stabilizing loan supply. By contrast, relying on short-term wholesale funding has increasingly proven to be a disadvantage in the crisis, which has seen inter-bank and capital markets freeze. By introducing a liable approximate measure for intra-bank flows, we detect competition for intra-bank funding between the affiliates abroad as well as an increasing focus on the parent bank’s home market activities. In addition, the more an affiliate abroad relies on intra-bank funding in the crisis, the greater its dependence on its parent bank having a stable deposit and long-term wholesale funding position. We consider changes in long-term lending to the private sectors of 40 countries by the affiliates of the 68 largest German banks. To obtain a more precise picture, we clean our lending data from valuation effects.     

高等教育利用资本市场融资探析

虽然我国已经初步建立起高等教育的多渠道筹资体制,但目前依然存在高等教育经费的主渠道薄弱,结构不合理等诸多问题,导致政府财政压力过大,高等教育经费投入严重不足。要发展高等教育就必须充分利用市场的资源配置功能,扩大和调整现在筹资渠道,提高经费的使用效率。     

信用衍生工具及其在我国的应用探析

信用衍生品是20世纪90年代末发展起来的一种新型金融衍生工具．它将信用风险从市场风险中分离出来,并使信用风险变得可以交易和管理,从根本上改变了传统的信用风险管理模式。尽管信用信息缺乏、金融法规不健全、债务交易二级市场滞后等问题限制了我国信用衍生工具的发展,但随着我国金融业对外开放程度的迅速提高和金融体制改革深化,发展信用衍生工具将成为我国未来金融市场发展的必然选择。     

Funding liquidity and equity liquidity in the subprime crisis period: Evidence from the ETF market

Using index and financial exchange-traded funds (ETFs), this study explores the relation between funding liquidity and equity liquidity during the subprime crisis period. Our empirical results show that a higher degree of funding illiquidity leads to an increase in bid–ask spread and a reduction in both market depth and net buying imbalance. Such findings indicate that an increase in funding liquidity can improve equity liquidity, with a stronger effect for the financial ETFs than for the index ETFs. Our study provides a better overall understanding of the effect of the liquidity–supplier funding constraint during the subprime crisis period.