小城镇建设中土地利用和农民补偿的经验和启示——以白沟镇为例

改革开放以来,我国的农村城镇化就进入了高速发展时期,而土地则是小城镇建设和发展中最重要的经济要素之一,在小城镇发展的过程中,对土地的需求呈现出上升的趋势,而由于土地资源有限性的制约,必然会引起土地资源的紧张.文章对白沟小城镇发展过程中土地利用的相关问题进行了探讨.     

活地兴镇--公主岭、双辽两市深化地改促进小城镇建设

发展小城镇是带动农村经济和社会发展的一个大战略,近年来随着土地使用制度改革的深化,吉林省各级土地行政主管部门不断探索土地管理为农村经济和社会发展服务的新形式,有力地推动了小城镇建设。目前,吉林省绝大部分建制镇都不同程度地实施了土地有偿使用制度。为了进一步推动全省小城镇地改,探索通过土地管理推动小城镇发展的科学途径,今年６月初,吉林省国土资源厅对公主岭市、双辽市小城镇建设过程中土地利用管理情况进行了调查。推广典型经验启动小城镇地改公主岭、双辽两市是吉林省开展小城镇土地使用制度改革较早的县级市。１９…     

小城镇土地可持续利用探讨

伴随小城镇的快速发展,其土地利用不可持续日益凸显,在对小城镇土 地利用面临主要问题分析的基础上,提出小城镇土地利用的对策与建议。     

完善小城镇土地调配机制

土地是促进城镇发展最基本的要素,科学合理的土地规划和土地调配机制直接影响着城镇化进程。 　　近年来,我局在小城镇建设中,围绕城乡结构和产业结构调整,着力完善土地调配机制。发挥土地在小城镇建设中的服务和调节功能,就必须科学规划,合理调配,积极引导土地向规模经营者集中,农民向小城镇集中,工业向园区集中。我旗乌兰花镇过去由于缺乏长远的土地规划,建设随意性大,建设布局不合理,道路建设不规范,土地利用粗放,镇内空闲地随处可见,而集镇规模却不断扩大,造成土地资源的极大浪费,严重制约了小城镇建设的持续发展。…     

小城镇建设中的若干重要问题与政策建议

一、关于小城镇建设中的土地利用与管理制度改革问题农村人口多、人均耕地面积少,是我国最基本的国情。因此,小城镇建设中所涉及的所有政策都应该以转移农村人口、集中兴办乡镇企业、保护节约耕地为最终目标。但从目前小城镇土地利用与管理制度看,并没能有效地实现上述...     

积极稳妥推进团场城镇化建设

规划、合理布局是小城镇建设的前提。规划是小城镇建设的“龙头”，按照“功能齐全、布局合理、突出特色、方便生产、有利生活”的原则，在明确城镇化发展方向和发展格局时，我们依据本团的人口、经济、资源的、交通、文化、自然环境等因素和团场的发展前景等状况，在充分调查研究、集思广益、比较分析的基础上，以可持续发展为目的，以经济社会全面发展为内容，把团场政治、经济、文化、环境保护、土地利用等与小城镇建设总体规划相衔接。     

小城镇土地配置效率探析

小城镇土地配置效率探析赵哲远，胡银根土地收益大小是衡量土地配置效率高低的首要标准．小城镇土地配置应当遵循土地收益曲线模式．小城镇建设的处延扩张犹如＂摊煎饼＂，似乎是越大越有份量，一边是占用大量耕地搞建设，一边是城镇内部土地利用不充分，土地配置的效率问...     

小城镇城乡结合部土地利用变化驱动措施

随着城市的不断扩展,用地规模不断扩大,城乡结合部成为建设用地重要的供应源.本文从小城镇城乡结合部土地利用及动态变化原因,开展该区域土地利用的时空变化研究,对于区域社会经济的发展、生态环境的保护、土地资源的可持续利用具有较强的理论价值和现实意义.     

农垦小城镇发展速度问题浅析

目前,我国农村小城镇的建设与发展愈来愈受到全社会的重视,农垦系统也把垦区范围内的小城镇建设提上了重要的议事日程;不少地方正着手制定小城镇建设的发展规划,有的已在投资建设;有关领导部门和关心小城镇建设的理论工作者也在探讨、采取加快小城镇建设的措施。然而,小城镇的合理布局和健康发展,协调建设步伐的措施,都必须以小城镇的合     

湖北省乡村旅游与小城镇建设互动发展探析——以长阳县都镇湾镇为例

小城镇建设是社会主义新农村建设的重要内容,而因地制宜发展乡村旅游则是推动小城镇建设的重要途经.长阳县都镇湾镇乡村旅游与小城镇建设发展步入了一个健康、良性循环的快速发展时期,但仍存在经济实力较弱、优势资源未被合理开发、乡村旅游与小城镇建设结合发展不够深入等一系列问题.基于以上问题,特提出长阳县都镇湾镇发展乡村旅游和小城镇建设的对策.     

土地利用功能分区与用途分区的差异比较研究——以山东省泰安市为例

土地利用功能分区有其产生的必然性;通过对因内外土地利用分区的相关研究,从分区内涵、目的、依据、类型等方面比较分析了土地利用功能分区与上一轮规划普遍采用的用途分区的差异,并对功能分区的内涵、特点及分区方法进行了研究;以山东省泰安市为例,进行了土地利用功能分区,将泰安分为中心城镇区、重点开发建设区、风景名胜旅游区、生态环境保护区、基本农田保护区等5个土地利用功能区,并指出了功能分区相比于用途分区在土地利用管理方面具有的优越性.     

空间规划体系下的“用地”规划协调研究

各类规划拥有自身理念和功能,在"多规并存"的现实需求下,"用地"协调成为各类"空间规划"协调的关键。运用文献研究法、比较分析法、归纳总结法,探索了"用地"类型、"用地"规模、"用地"布局以及规划年期等在"空间规划"协调中的现实途径。结果表明:"用地"类型要做到宏观上有统一、微观上有特色,一、二级地类强调一致,三级地类彰显特色;各类用地规模,尤其是农业用地和未利用地规模,应在区域规划宏观指导下由土地利用规划总体上统筹,用地规模管控做到"纵向到底、横向到边";用地布局做到各类规划合理分工,土地利用规划实行"刚性"与"弹性"相结合的土地利用分区,城市规划依据城镇用地和农村居民点用地合理确定每个城、镇、村的布局;同时保持各类规划的基期、近期和远期年份应至少有一个保持一致。     

基于灰色系统模型的城乡建设用地规模预测——以济南市为例

建设用地规模预测是土地利用总体规划编制的核心,也是土地利用管理的依据。为了切实搞好济南市的土地利用总体规划,使之更具有前瞻性、可操作性,必须切合实际地搞好建设用地需求规模和布局的预测。采用灰色系统模型,通过灰色关联度分析,建设用地发展与GDP、总人口、市镇人口、社会固定资产投资、第二产业产值、第三产业产值密切相关。基于这些因子,采用灰色系统模型法、建立GM(1,1)灰色模型,进行了2015年和2020年城乡建设用地规模的预测。     

Habitat and Open Space at Risk of Land-Use Conversion: Targeting Strategies for Land Conservation

Funds available to purchase land and easements for conservation purposes are limited. This article provides a targeting strategy for protecting multiple environmental benefits that includes heterogeneity in land costs and probability of land-use conversion, by incorporating spatially explicit land-use change and hedonic price models. This strategy is compared to two alternative strategies that omit either land cost or conversion threat. Based on dynamic programming and Monte Carlo simulations with alternating periods of conservation and development, we demonstrate that the positive correlation between land costs and probability of land-use conversion affects targeting efficiency using parcel data from Sonoma County, California.     

Modeling the effects of tourism and land regulation on land-use change in tourist regions: A case study of the Lijiang River Basin in Guilin,China

To a large extent, tourism development triggers an economic boost in certain regions. However, given its complex and dynamic forms of land use, tourism development also causes changes to land-use demands and patterns in tourist regions, which directly and indirectly interfere with local environments. The development of tourist regions must achieve a series of trade-offs to meet sustainability goals. This paper discusses the effects of tourism on land-use change and how land regulation policies integrate tourism development with land use. We employed a system dynamic-cellular automata hybrid model using the Lijiang River Basin as an example to translate tourism-affected land dynamics into spatial distributions and project their likely future changes under various development scenarios. We determined three major outcomes. (1) Tourism development causes a quantitatively increasing demand for construction land. With effective spatial regulations, the expansion of construction land does not necessarily suggest the loss of eco-land; rather, land-use pressures accordingly shift to cropland. Under these circumstances, land regulation policies help to balance land demand and optimize land-use patterns. (2) Tourism development causes a continuous spatial interference with landscapes. Land regulation policies have the positive and active effect of ignoring this interference rather than counteracting it. (3) The strict implementation of land regulation policies does not necessarily improve land-use patterns. Flexible policies achieve a better balanced land-use pattern than a combination of individual strict policies. However, the former cannot reduce as much vulnerability as the latter. Hence, policy assembly represents a trade-off with regards to balancing land demands, and it should vary based on regional land-use patterns and targets.     

桂西北喀斯特山区土地用地结构变化及驱动因素分析

利用土地利用变化幅度、单一土地利用动态度、综合土地利用动态度、土地利用程度综合指数等模型,对河池市土地利用动态变化分析,采用因素相关性分析法对其驱动因素进行分析;2001-2007年农业用地面积减少,园地面积逐步增长,建设用地面积一直呈现增长态势,累计增长量达5990．380hm2,2001年、2004年、2007年河池市土地利用程度综合指数分别为178．56,178．80,178．41,土地呈现从高度开发利用向合理调整转变的趋势;政策因素、经济和交通的快速发展、人口增长等都是促进土地利用变化的主要驱动因素。     

Major issues in Indonesia's urban land development

This article addresses issues of urban land development in Indonesia, including urban land use; ownership and transfers; land taxation; and land information systems. Until very recently, urban land-use planning in Indonesia was largely top-down in character and neglected to include the public as a stakeholder. This article argues that the role of government in urban land-use development needs to change at all levels and that the capacity of local government in land-use management needs to be strengthened. The presence of private developers in urban development should be encouraged. Land development permits—as a means of urban development control—while they may still be necessary should be granted primarily in relation to urban land-use plans (RUTR). Land taxation instruments have not been effectively applied to control land utilisation in the cities. Data and information on land affairs are lacking.     

Assessing multiple approaches for modelling land-use conflict potential from participatory mapping data

Spatial social data collected through participatory mapping are increasingly used to assess social dimensions for land use planning and management. However, there has been limited research to evaluate alternative approaches to identify potential land-use conflict. Using data from Queensland, Australia, we applied multiple approaches (land-use preferences, weighted preferences, combined place values and land-use preferences, and value compatibility scoring to identify land-use conflict potential and to assess these methods for four different land uses (residential development, tourism development, mining, and conservation). The performance of these approaches were evaluated using selected reference sites in the study area to determine which spatial attributes and methods were most predictive of conflict potential. Weighted preferences, and combined place values and land-use preferences were most effective for all land use types. The conflict mapping results for mining and conservation were sensitive to the number of place value and land-use preference points available for analysis and the number of individuals participating in the mapping process. To determine the inferential quality of conflict mapping results, we operationalised confidence levels based on the number of unique participants that mapped preferences in a given location. Overall, the highest confidence in mapped results was observed for tourism development, followed by mining, conservation, and residential development. Confidence levels varied across the study area and by reference sites. The findings of this study increase the external validity of preference-based conflict mapping methods while demonstrating a means to assess the inferential quality of conflict mapping results. The generation of confidence levels can assist in the prioritization and allocation of planning resources to places with both high conflict potential and high confidence.     

Compliance of land cover changes with municipal land use planning: Evidence from the Lisbon metropolitan region (1990–2007)

In the past few decades, urbanisation has become a major phenomenon in European cities, thus representing one of the key human land cover changes with socio-economic and environmental impacts. In the Lisbon metropolitan region it is estimated that 17% of natural and farmland have been transformed into artificial areas. Since the end of 1990s, specific EU guidelines have been issued to contain urban sprawl and preserve agricultural land. Spatial planning in Portugal obviously is integrating these assumptions into the statutory land-use master plans. But what is the performance of this land use planning system regarding land cover evolution itself? Based on the Lisbon metropolitan region (LMR), one of the major areas of urban growth in Portugal, we examine spatio-temporal land cover patterns between 1990 and 2007 by integrating cross-matrix analysis, spatial metrics, and gradient analysis. Additionally, we overlay these land cover dynamics with municipal master plans that regulate land development in order to assess the compliance levels of this land-use regulatory system. Results indicate that: artificial areas are growing by coalescence and/or by scattered development along an urban–rural gradient; agricultural land is reducing and fragmentation is increasing to enlarge peri-urban spaces; there are high levels of conversion of agricultural land into urban land in protected areas, thus showing a lack of compliance to the land use regulatory system visible in the existing gaps between the original land-use assignments of the master plan and the actual developments.     

Economic evaluation of agricultural land to assess land use changes

Land-use models express the relationship between various driving forces of land-use changes and are increasingly employed in practical applications to predict possible future land uses. The relationship between the agricultural land market and land-use changes is often neglected in such models. The objective of this study is to assess the production values of agricultural land to be integrated in an operational land-use model with the aim to improve understanding of land-use changes in all 28 European Union countries. This economic evaluation of agricultural land is based on the Net Present Value (NPV) method, a method that aims at uncovering the operational production values of land rather than real estate market value. The scientific relevance of this work is the development of a comprehensive methodology for the economic evaluation of agricultural land uses in different EU countries, the integration of economic production values of land to the local suitability approach in the studied land-use model and the provision of a EU-wide database of the NPVs of agricultural land uses, including various energy crops.