银行业股票价格与人民币汇率波动传导效应的实证分析

本文运用VAR模型,对我国银行业股票价格与美元/人民币汇率波动之间的传导效应进行实证分析,结果表明:银行业股价对人民币汇率波动不存在传导效应,但人民币汇率波动对银行业股价存在传导效应且传导过程是非线性相关的,对此文章提出相互良性传导的建议.     

人民币汇率对股票价格指数的影响

文章利用GARCH模型度量人民币汇率与上证指数收益波动率,研究结果显示,ARCH效应和外部冲击对波动的影响比较小,而GARCH效应比较大,波动持续性较强。人民币汇率波动率是影响上证指数波动的一个原因,另外,上证指数波动率也是引起人民币汇率波动的一个原因。     

汇率波动对云南省经济增长影响的实证分析

汇率波动是影响一个地区经济增长的重要原因,本文在对汇率变化影响经济增长的定性分析基础上,构建了汇率波动对经济增长影响的模型。运用云南省1986~2012年的数据,通过EVIEWs软件对汇率与进出口额、外商投资额的关系进行实证研究,结果表明,人民币汇率波动对进出口影响较小,汇率波动与外商直接投资之间呈同向变化。     

人民币汇率预期、汇率波动和中国短期资本流动 ——基于VAR和TVP-VAR模型

文章利用2018年1月至2月的人民币兑美元汇率,以及离岸市场的无本金交割远期协议(NDF)和短期资本流动数据研究汇率预期,汇率波动和短期资本流动之间的因果关系。由于样本数据不稳定且相同的顺序是单一的,因此使用Johanson协整检验来拟合VEC模型。并转换为等价的VAR模型,脉冲响应结果显示数据可能发生结构性突变,TVP-VAR模型证实了这一点并显示数据中有两处发生结构性突变。研究表明,短期资本流动对汇率预期和汇率水平的影响存在超调效应,而随着汇率市场化的进程加快,这种效应带来的各变量波动区间和波动幅度明显增大。     

人民币汇率波动消费者价格非对称传递效应分析简

文章依据中国1994年1月至2013年6月的季度数据,运用平滑转换回归（STR）模型来分析汇率波动与消费者价格之间的非线性、非对称关系。研究发现,以~stic函数作为过渡函数的STR模型可以很好的表现出汇率波动以及消费者价格指数之间的非线性动态传递关系。结果表明,在1994年1月到2013年6月期间,中国汇率波动与消费者价格之间存在明显的非对称性,具有很强的非线性特征,两者之间存在机制转换动态特征。通货膨胀较高时期,汇率物价传递效应较大;反之,在通货膨胀相对稳定且较低时,汇率物价传递效应较小。     

汇率波动加剧、资本流入反应与货币政策效应

本文先构建带有汇率波动的内生经济增长模型,理论分析人民币汇率波动加剧对资本流入的影响,进而基于TVP-VAR-SV模型,实证研究人民币汇率波动、货币政策与资本流入之间的互动关系。理论结果表明,人民币汇率波动加剧对资本流入的影响是不确定的,主要取决于厂商对进口资本的依赖程度,以及出口商品价格在一般价格水平中的相对权重。实证结果表明,人民币汇率波动对于利率和资本流入的影响乘数在整个样本期内均表现为负值,且保持相对稳定,而利率波动对于资本流入的影响乘数则表现为"先低-后高-再低"的趋势,表现出时变特征;对于不同提前期的汇率波动冲击,预期在利率和资本流入反应中,起到重要作用;而不同时点的汇率波动冲击,资本流入反应程度与汇率波动幅度之间呈正相关关系。     

离岸与在岸人民币汇率联动效应研究

随着香港离岸人民币汇率市场的发展,离岸人民币汇率价格体系不断地完善。本文运用Granger因果检验和BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型,研究了在岸和离岸人民币汇率之间的价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应,结果显示:在岸人民币即期和远期汇率对离岸汇率能够产生较为显著的价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应;NDF汇率对在岸即期和远期汇率有显著地价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应;离岸即期汇率对在岸远期汇率有显著地价格溢出效应,但波动溢出效应较弱;离岸即期汇率对在岸即期汇率未产生价格溢出效应,但波动溢出效应显著。     

我国股价和汇率的关联:基于VAR-MGARCH模型的研究

本文基于VAR-MGARCH模型,分别选择人民币对美元、欧元和日元等不同外币的汇率,研究了我国股价和汇率之间的关联。实证研究表明,存在一定程度的从人民币对欧元汇率到股指的价格溢出效应,存在人民币对欧元汇率和人民币对日元汇率到股指的波动溢出效应,但人民币对美元汇率和股指之间既不存在明显的价格溢出效应,也不存在明显的波动溢出效应。总体来说,当前我国股票价格和汇率之间的内在关联性并不强。为实现货币政策的有效传导,应采取措施加强股市和汇市两个市场的有机联系。     

“8.11”汇改后的人民币汇率风险测度

人民币汇率风险的精准计算和预测是管理和控制汇率风险的首要条件,并随着外汇市场的发展与完善受到越来越多的重视。文章利用GARCH模型和在险价值模型(CVaR)对人民币汇率风险进行测度。首先,对人民币汇率收益率进行统计特征分析,以确定GARCH族模型的适用性;其次,使用四种GARCH族模型对人民币汇率的波动性进行考量,根据变量的显著性和AIC准则筛选出性质最优的GARCH(2,2)模型。并基于金融时间序列可能出现的杠杆效应、非对称效应和均值效应,进一步建立了TGARCH(2,2)、EGARCH(2,2)、TGARCH(2,2)-M和EGARCH(2,2)-M。将以上五种模型进行比较,筛选出拟合程度较好的GARCH(2,2)模型。针对金融时间序列的"尖峰厚尾"性,文章还对GARCH(2,2)-N、GARCH(2,2)-T与GARCH(2,2)-GED进行分析,筛选出用于风险测度的GARCH(2,2)-N模型;再次,将利用刻画出的波动率带入到在险价值模型中完成人民币汇率风险的测度,将测度值与真实值进行比较,可以看到测度结果与真实结果较为接近,可以在本模型基础上建立人民币汇率风险预警体系。最后,基于实证研究结果给出政策建议与结论。     

人民币汇率波动对中国物价水平的影响——汇率制度变迁视角

利用1996—2012年月度数据,实证研究人民币汇率波动对中国物价水平的传递效应,结果表明:人民币汇率同国内物价水平之间存在长期协整关系,汇率波动对物价水平的影响较弱;误差修正模型分析显示,汇率波动对国内物价水平具有较好的自我修正机制。引入汇率制度变迁因素,可以发现:汇率制度变更后,汇率波动对物价水平的影响会发生变化,甚至系数符号会发生逆转;即便汇率制度相同下,不同时间段的汇率波动对物价水平的影响也具有差异性;无论汇率制度有无变迁,汇率波动对物价指数cpi、ppi、rpi的传递效应都具有差异性。     

Exchange-Rate Volatility,Exchange-Rate Regime,and Trade in OIC Countries

The authors examine the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade in the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) countries from 1995 to 2008 using panel estimations to distinguish differences between disaggregate trade, and examine its threshold effects. Results reveal that exchange rate volatility generally has significant negative effect on export and import with lag. However, exports of OIC with flexible exchange rate regime have significant positive exposure to exchange rate volatility. The authors also document a threshold effect for countries with trade value constitutes more than 30% of the real gross domestic product, and the exchange rate volatility becomes significant positive for export but significant negative for import with lag.     

Business cycle synchronisation in East Asia: The role of value‐added trade

We empirically investigate the relationship between business cycle synchronisation and the role of value‐added trade focusing on a panel of 12 Asian countries from 1995 to 2011. In addition, we propose the inclusion of two novel determinants, for example external value‐added trade intensity and exchange rate volatility and also saturate our empirical model with other common determinants found in the literature. Our findings first confirm that value‐added trade intensity, rather than gross trade intensity, has a sizable, positive and statistically significant impact on synchronisation among East Asian countries. Second, the exchange rate volatility has a significant negative effect on the business cycle synchronisation, which verifies that the exchange rate volatility is another important determinant of business cycle synchronisation. Our findings have important implications for the monetary cooperation in the region: strengthening trade linkage could reduce the costs of monetary cooperation by increasing the incidence of symmetric shocks.     

Volatility in Exchange Rate Components and the Volume of International Trade

By decomposing the changes in the real exchange rate series into fundamental and transitory components (market microstructure and stochastic element) and modeling the volatility in each via a GARCH process, this paper examines how volatility in exchange rate affects the volume of aggregate and disaggregate US trade with Canada, Germany, and Hong Kong during the 1989–2002 period. The results indicate significantly different impacts of volatility due to the fundamental and transitory components of the exchange rate series on US bilateral trade. While the findings suggest heterogeneous responses of traders to volatilities arising from different components of the real exchange rate, the impact of the volatility due to the fundamental component is also found to vary across commodities, implying disparities in the inter- and intra-trading arrangements made by traders of different goods in counteracting foreign exchange risk arising from changes in the economic fundamentals.     

The impact of parallel market exchange rate volatility and oil exports on real GDP in Syria: Evidence from the ARDL approach

This paper investigates the impact of parallel market exchange rate volatility and trade on real GDP and real GDP growth in the Syrian economy over the period of 1990Q1–2010Q4. To this end, we first construct a parallel market exchange rate volatility indicator. Second, we estimate an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model where we include our indicator of volatility among the main determinants of real GDP. Our findings imply that real GDP can be explained by three main variables: parallel market exchange rate, money supply, and oil exports. The long-run equilibrium reveals that parallel market exchange rate volatility has a negative impact on real GDP compared to the positive impact of money supply and oil exports. In contrast, the short-run impact of parallel market exchange rate volatility on real GDP growth is positive and very small counter to the long-run impact. Furthermore, the coefficient of the error correction term of the estimated ARDL model indicates that real GDP deviation from the equilibrium level will be corrected by about 10% after each quarter.     

Impact of Exchange Rate Uncertainty on Trade Flows: Evidence from Commodity Trade between the United States and the United Kingdom

Previous studies that investigated the impact of exchange rate volatility on the trade flows employed aggregate trade data and standard estimation techniques. They provided mixed results. In this paper we use disaggregated import and export data for 177 commodities traded between the United States and the United Kingdom to investigate whether volatility of the real bilateral dollar–pound exchange rate has any detrimental effect on trade flows at the commodity level. Additionally, we employ the bounds testing approach to cointegration and error‐correction modelling that is suitable for the models used mostly because it does not require pre‐unit‐root testing and variables in the model could be stationary, non‐stationary or a combination of the two. In most trade flow models estimated, we found a negative effect of exchange rate volatility on commodity trade.     

The Effect of Real Exchange Rate Volatility on the Trade of Educational Services

This article finds that high levels of real exchange rate volatility between two trading partners significantly decrease the amount of educational services traded. Many academic institutions are actively looking to expand exports of educational services as a means of increasing revenues. Internal policies that reduce real exchange rate uncertainty may help encourage trade of educational services between countries where volatility is high. The discovery that real exchange rate volatility serves as a significant barrier to attracting educational export opportunities to certain countries underscores an obstacle that should and/or could be addressed as academic institutions strive to expand their international enrollments.     

后危机时代人民币实际汇率波动 对我国FDI 流入的影响

汇率波动是影响FDI流入的重要因素。基于1994~2012年的时间序列数据,本文构建带有金融危机变量的模型和利用邹氏检验法对后危机时代人民币实际汇率波动与FDI流入的关系进行实证分析。经过实证检验发现,金融危机改变了人民币实际汇率波动与FDI流入之间原有的负相关关系,中国成为外资的"避风港"和外商规避贸易壁垒是后危机时代人民币实际汇率波动有利于FDI流入的两个主要因素。同时,人民币实际汇率的波动更加贴近市场实际汇率水平,会增加FDI的流入,有利于我国经济的发展与稳定。     

人民币实际有效汇率调整及其波动率与中美贸易收支

基于1995年1月至2007年9月的月度数据,分析了人民币实际有效汇率与中美贸易收支的关系。结果显示,人民币汇率波动率增加有助于缩小中美贸易收支顺差,人民币汇率升值无论长期或是短期,都不能解决中美双边贸易收支失衡问题。美国经济增长引致的进口需求是中美贸易顺差和我国收入增长的重要原因,在当前经济形势下,要警惕美国经济下滑导致我国的出口下降,进而使我国经济出现"硬着陆"的风险。     

Exchange rate jumps and exports: Evidence from China

We apply the autoregressive conditional jump intensity (ARJI ) model to monthly exchange rate returns of China against 81 countries and investigate the impact of exchange rate volatility on exports over the period of 1995–2004. We decompose bilateral exchange rate volatility into continuous and discrete components and find that only the discrete part of exchange rate volatility, that is, the exchange rate jumps, has a significantly negative effect on exports, which to some extent reconciles the old yet unsettled debate in previous literature on the role of exchange rate volatility in international trade. There is also some evidence suggesting that the development of domestic financial market will boost international trade, but it does not help attenuate the negative effect of bilateral exchange rate jump risk on exports.     

Monetary policy and welfare in a small open economy

This paper analyzes optimal monetary policy in a small open economy featuring monopolistic competition and nominal rigidities. It shows that the utility-based loss function for this economy can be written as a quadratic expression of domestic inflation, output gap and real exchange rate. The presence of an internal monopolistic distortion and a terms of trade externality drives optimal policy away from domestic inflation targeting and affects the optimal level of exchange rate volatility. When domestic and foreign goods are close substitutes for each other, the optimal policy rule implies lower real exchange rate volatility than a domestic inflation targeting regime. The reverse is true when the elasticity of substitution between goods is low.