燃烧加热污染空气对超燃冲压发动机性能影响研究

针对燃烧加热地面试验设备存在的工质污染问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了燃烧加热污染空气对氢燃料超燃冲压发动机性能的影响。以飞行马赫数Ma=6.5,当量油气比ER=0.6为计算基准状态,分别对纯净空气和污染空气来流下氢燃料超燃冲压发动机的整机流场和性能进行了对比计算分析。燃烧化学反应模拟采用了改进的H₂/O₂七组分八方程模型,湍流模型为标准的 k-ε模型,并采用直连式燃烧室试验数据进行了数值方法的验证。研究结果表明:(1)相对于纯净空气来流,污染空气来流下的超燃冲压发动机推力和比冲均有所下降。(2)采用酒精燃烧加热器的前提下,来流参数匹配静温、静压、马赫数时,发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而匹配总温、总压、马赫数时相差最大。(3)来流参数匹配总焓、静压、马赫数的前提下,采用氢燃烧加热器时发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而采用甲烷燃烧加热器时相差最大。      

浅谈一种发动机冷却系统水阻测量方法

发动机冷却系统流道复杂，阻力较难计算。本文提出了一种利用水泵性能台架对发动机水阻进行测量的方法，为发动机冷却系统及水泵的设计开发提供基础数据。     

顾客忠诚的内涵及价值衡量

随着关系营销的不断发展,近几年来顾客忠诚一直是营销理论界研究的热点。本文在总结以往顾客忠诚研究的基础上,提炼出了顾客忠诚的两个核心概念情感忠诚与行为忠诚,并在此基础上用一组二维矢量模型结合我国企业的一些实例具体说明两者的相互作用及其对忠诚价值的影响,以期对顾客忠诚价值的衡量做出了初步的探索。     

多维地址码对OCDMA系统性能的影响

讨论了一维/二维二次素数码、光正交码的构造过程、相关性、容量等特性,分析了它 们对光码分多址(OCDMA)系统误码性能和用户容量的影响。为得到不同码字与不同维数码字 对OCDMA系统的 误码率影响程度,仿真比较了一维、二维二次素数码和一维、二维光正交码之间的误码 率与同步用户数的关系以及二维素数码与二维光正交码的误码率与同步用户之间的关系。 结果表明：二维误码性能高出一维码误码性能几个数量级;二维素数码在并发用户数较少时 ,优于二维光正交码,并发用户较多时,其误码率相当。研究结果对实际系统中不同条件下 选择码字提供了参考。     

圆形阵列天线方向图的分布函数优化方法

以离散有限长复指数和的计算为基础,讨论了二维阵列的方向图 问题。通过引入分布函数的概念,可知离散有限长复指数和为其分布函数离散傅里叶变换在 1点的值。基于此结论,分析了二维阵天线阵元分布于天线方向图之间的关系：二维阵列任 意方向的方向图为其在该方向分布函数的离散傅里叶变换,该分布函数可通过统计其投影在 该方向的临近区域处阵元数目获得。然后,通过对混合圆形阵列天线方向图的分析,验证了 该关系的正确性,并说明了上述关系在分析阵列方向图的应用。在此基础上,进一步分析了 阵元权重系数对方向的影响,发现该方法与通过改变阵列天线阵元分布的方法等效。最后 ,提出了基于分布函数的圆形阵列方向图优化方法,并通过仿真实验验证了该方法的可 行性。该方法可通过改变圆形阵列阵元沿径向的权重系数使得其对应的任意方向的方向图与 期望的窗函数近似。     

冲压发动机C/SiC喷管承压失效研究

新型三维编织碳/碳化硅复合材料存在较强的各向异性,而各个方向的性能数据积累不足,复合材料的强度计算方法尚不完善,为了发现新型三维编织碳/碳化硅复合材料在冲压发动机喷管中应用可能遇到的问题,并找到相应地解决措施,开展了这种复合材料应用于冲压发动机喷管的承压强度计算和承压实验研究。对承压实验中出现的低压破坏情况进行了分析,分析了低压破裂的原因,提出了改进措施。分析结果表明:C/SiC喷管喉部密度较低,导致强度较低,承载能力下降,是首次强度验证实验过程中该局部破坏的原因;为提高喷管强度,需要通过其形状设计并控制沉积流场,保证其喉部的沉积密度达到1.9g/cm³以上。对改进后的喷管进行了实验验证,实验结果与计算结果基本一致,满足要求。因此,在实际应用中应对喷管喉部和纵向密度的分布进行工业CT无损检测,确保喷管密度的分布均匀。      

一种跳频图案同步方法

针对战术跳频电台通信同步问题,在分析若干跳频同步方法的基础上提出了一种组合同步方法,并将收发双方维护的同步头频率组从一维扩展至二维,增强了同步头频率的抗干扰性.性能分析表明,此方法同步时间短、同步概率高,适用于战术跳频电台.     

我国汽车发动机检测用油标准发布

2005年1月12日，国家标准化管理委员会在北京发布了两种发动机检测用油，确立了我国的发动机检测用油标准。国家标准委发布两种燃油是点燃式和压燃式发动机检测用油，分别适用于汽油发动机和柴油发动机的功率和排污等各项性能的测定。     

论汽车发动机空燃比对环境污染的影响

本文主要介绍了汽车发动机空燃比及其对环境污染的影响和相应采取的措施.     

H2O/CO2污染对煤油燃料超声速燃烧影响数值研究

在纯净空气与H₂O/ CO₂污染空气来流对比试验结果基础上,采用数值计算方法和化学动力学方法,研究了H₂O和CO₂污染组分对煤油燃料超声速燃烧的影响,获得了试验手段难以得到的燃烧室流场参数和性能数据。完成了相应的煤油燃料超声速燃烧室二维数值计算,其中匹配了进口总温、总压、马赫数、氧气摩尔分数和工作当量油气比。将数值计算结果与相应试验测量值进行了对比分析,并结合燃烧室流场数据、性能参数分析了H₂O和CO₂污染的动力学影响、以及对燃烧室性能的影响。研究表明:(1)数值计算结果与实验测量值总体上吻合,两种手段均体现了纯净空气来流时不同煤油当量油气比的燃烧室性能,并反映了一致的“污染效应”影响趋势；(2) H₂O污染、H₂O+ CO₂污染的存在降低了煤油燃料超声速燃烧室性能,体现在燃烧诱导压升、燃烧效率、流向冲量增量的下降,而且随着污染组分含量的增加,燃烧室性能下降越加显著。      

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

Public Financial Expenditure——A Reflection of the Livelihood Improvement

In recent years.China's public finance put social construction high on the agenda and attaches more importance on livelihood insurance and improvement.The 2003-2007 public financial expenditure reflects a fact that the government isputting more emphasis on livelihood andissues concerning the people.     

Voices from the MPC and CPPCC

"Crucial for economic growth.energy utilization has its role in all economic sectors and every aspect of people's daily life.Now we are in dire need of a new profession,namely energy manager.We not only need to have passion and responsibility,but also a scientific approach to conserve energy and cut emissions.APpropriate legislation should be in place.and a special profession should be introduced to ensure the implementation of these laws and regulations."