创新性地建设社会主义新农村

建设社会主义新农村，是继税费改革后我国农村经济发展战略的又一次重大调整，是对农民利益的合理补偿，实质是通过调整国民收入分配格局，合理校正长期以来以工业和城市为中心的经济增长方式，真正实现以工补农和以城带乡。因此，各位应立足实际，找准制约农业和农村进一步发展的突出矛盾瓶颈制约，采取切实有效措施，创新性地进行建设，切忌将其作为主要满足政绩需求的政治活动。     

老年公租房选址决策研究

人口老龄化速度的加剧把公租房建设引入到解决中低端收入老年人群住房养老问题上来,因此老年公租房顺应时代的要求开始出现并将蓬勃发展。针对影响老年公租房建设的选址问题,采用层次灰色模糊决策模型对构建的指标体系进行分析,得出符合客观实际的结论。     

社会主义新农村建设研究综述

我国社会主义新农村建设的提法早在解放初期就已经出现,20个世纪80年代刚刚提出小康社会的概念时,中央的文件里就曾多次提到建设社会主义新农村,只是当时中国建设社会主义新农村的时机尚未成熟,新农村建设的构想并未引起更多的重视。纵观当前有关新农村建设的文献可以看出,关于新农村的研究自20世纪初就已经开始,而自20世纪80年代以来,这方面的研究引起了更多人的兴趣。2005年10月中央正式提出建设社会主义新农村之前,理论界和实践工作者通过不断的理论分析和实践探索,已经在新农村建设研究方面取得了初步的理论成果和实践经验。十六届五中…     

物流配送中心选址分析

本文分析物流配送中心选址的影响因素及选址方法;针对重心法在物流配送中心选址中的应用举出实例,并运用选址度量法对重心法在选址决策中存在的缺陷进行改进,通过综合分析得到最佳选址方案。     

深化改革积极健康地推进新农村建设

党的十六届五中全会作出建设社会主义新农村重大战略决策以来,新农村建设在全国各地蓬勃开展,农村改革在各领域中不断推进和完善。在这样的背景下召开“全国农村改革与发展座谈会”,及时总结各地新农村建设经验,分析建设过程中出现的问题,探讨下一步农村改革发展的方向,意义重大。在这里,我想从三个方面,谈一些个人的理解和认识:一是对当前农业和农村经济形势的基本判断;二是社会主义新农村建设一些进展情况;三是对明年推进农村改革与发展的一些思考和建议。一、当前农业和农村经济形势前些天,国家统计局发布了今年上半年农业和农村经济统计…     

我国汽车企业工厂选址主要因素分析

[提要]本文在分析汽车产业的特点及选址工作重要性的基础上,对汽车企业选址时应考虑的主要因素进行初步的探讨和研究。     

甘肃省应急物流设施选址问题研究

为研究自然灾害应急物流设施选址问题,利用运筹理论建模技术,综合考虑配送时间、辐射范围和区域需求量的情况下,建立应急物流设施选址模型,在满足多个约束条件下应用人工免疫算法对模型进行求解,借助于MATLAB平台编程实现,通过具体案例设置不同的实验参数运行程序进行比较分析,找到为实现目标函数最小时对应的应急物流设施地址,最后...     

辽宁省新农村建设用地集约利用控制标准初步研究

在社会主义新农村建设的过程中,非农建设用地的比例不断增大,农村建设用地的集约利用问题日益突出;对辽宁省农村建设用地集约利用控制标准作了初步研究,研究内容包括控制指标的选取、指标值的确定方法、标准体系的建立;提出了保障新农村建设用地控制标准实施的几点措施。     

城镇化进程中新型农村社区管理模式构建

随着我国社会经济的不断发展和迅速转型,农村经济随之迅猛发展,城镇化是其发展的必由之路,为此原始的村落通过行政规划改造或重建向社区转型。当前,农村社区的管理现状如何,存在哪些问题,需要如何改进,如何实现农村社区善治。     

农业产业化经营与农村地域发展的典型研究

山东省寿光市以农产品专业批发市场为依托,通过拓宽商品流通渠道,促进了区域农业产业化经营发展,实现了产加销一体化经营,推动了区域农村经济迅速发展。本文在回顾寿光农业产业化经营发展历程的基础上,论述了区域农业产业化经营发展的基本模式和地域推进机制,对于我国农村加强市场体系建设,推动农业产业化经营发展具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。     

Examining rural income and employment in Bangladesh: A case of structural changes in the rural nonfarm sector in a developing country

This study uncovers some important stylised facts about the structural changes in the rural nonfarm (RNF) economy in Bangladesh for the period 2000–2016 and identifies some broad determinants. Our work uses household-level, secondary sources such as Household Income and Expenditure Survey, Labour Force Survey and Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey. We find that the positive relationship between landownership and rural income has become weaker in recent years, indicating the increasing role of nonland inputs in generating rural income. The share of RNF income in total rural income has increased substantially over the years. The increase in nonfarm income is largely driven by the nonfarm wage income of the richer households, indicating adverse distributional consequences. There are also indications for specialisation in nonfarm activities—the share of income from the ‘mixed’ sources of farm and nonfarm has decreased, and the ‘only nonfarm’ source has increased. Households tend to move away from agriculture and specialise in RNF occupations as the education level increases. Our results offer important insights into rural development strategies and contribute to the broader questions of the development discourse on the structural changes in developing countries.     

The impact of collaboration on research about rural buildings and landscape: A case study in Italy

The importance of collaboration among peers in science is widely investigated: an essential issue is the relevance of credits shared among scholars for the good faith and cooperation in research projects. Despite its significance, so far in Italy the usefulness of collaboration in research activities is not taken in due consideration by both scientific community and research assessment bodies. In this study, the main aim is at investigating the actual up today extent of scientific collaboration among colleagues belonging to the Italian Scientific Disciplinary Sector (SDS) “AGR10 Rural buildings and agro-forest land planning”. We focus on research projects dealing with territory, landscape and rural buildings with the scope of raising consciousness on the key role of collaboration with other SDSs, international institutions or organizations. We harvested data through an on-line questionnaire about several research projects, scrutinized the responses, and found that the core area of current research developed by AGR10 colleagues includes topics concerning the analysis and planning of landscape. Furthermore, we found that the design of international project proposals attains mostly rural buildings and rural heritage analysis, reuse and enhancement, rural buildings and landscape integration, and rural buildings design. While the size of partnerships on international research activities is still limited, as for external synergies the SDS AGR01 ‘Agricultural Economics and Rural Appraisal’ is the most representative, and other SDSs involving ‘Ecology’ and ‘Informatics’ deserve to be mentioned. So, this study has been designed with the secondary aim of stimulating Italian -as well as other international- scientific communities in promoting similar investigations concerning the importance of collaboration and cross-fertilization for successful research activities. As a major output, official national or international research assessment authorities would be provided by a method for better appreciating the usefulness of collaboration and interdisciplinarity.     

European farmers and participatory rural appraisal: A systematic literature review on experiences to optimize rural development

Farmers are those who daily supervise and manage rural areas, but still their collaborations with those institutions entitled to decide the transformation of these territories are not managed properly. The experiences of participatory processes with the involvement of farmers are analyzed in many agricultural studies. A systematic review has allowed us to analyse experiences related to 35 participation paths aimed at rural regions’ development. The analysis has been made on the basis of 14 variables describing the path followed and its purpose, the agricultural holding involved and the areas surveyed.The work has the objectives to identify some strengths and weaknesses in the involvement of farmers in decision-making and the strengths and weaknesses of the processes themselves. The review has shown that too often in participatory processes farmers are considered only as a source of information to be used by researchers rather than as active participants in the choices for the protection, management and transformation of the rural territory. An effective participatory rural appraisal requires greater empowerment of farmers. In general, compared to the methods and tools used, farmers are wary of paths that are too complex and prefer the use of low-tech tools. This result can be attributed to the farmers’ demand of direct contact with the researchers to build trust and also to the average age of European farmers, which is pretty high.In participation contexts, it is not possible to establish standardized methods and tools, because each process should be tailored for the community that expresses it. Nevertheless, the work has highlighted the need to establish some minimum principles to avoid considering unsuccessful some participation paths which, in reality, have been only scarcely participated. In the work, these principles have been presented through the development of key questions, to which those who design the path for an effective engagement of agricultural stakeholder must respond: representativeness, empowerment, empirical knowledge, relationships, group type, numerosity and involvement stage.     

论包容性发展视角下农村金融创新

以包容性发展的视角来探讨农村金融创新,分析我国当前农村金融创新所面临的供需结构失衡严重,难以适应金融发展的要求、金融创新市场竞争格局缺失,农村金融服务效率偏低、农村金融创新相关配套制度建设滞后等问题,并从构建多层次包容性金融市场、提高组织结构的包容性、改善农村金融创新制度激励的包容度三方面来积极构建农村包容性金融创新体系。     

基于分形理论的江苏沿海农村经济发展差异研究

随着江苏沿海地区发展规划上升为国家战略,新一轮沿海开发的号角已经奏响.农村现代化是沿海地区现代化的重要组成部分,如何实现江苏沿海农村经济的快速发展及区域内协调发展是提高江苏沿海经济水平的重要内容,直接关系到沿海地区发展的成败.论文在对沿海地区认识的基础上,首先选取11 个指标构建了沿海农村经济发展差异的评价体系,运用分...     

农村宅基地流转纠纷及其解决机制完善

农村宅基地流转纠纷主要有传统和新类型两大类,其特征表现为主体呈现多元化、纠纷原因复杂多样、争议内容广泛。农村宅基地流转纠纷解决中存在的主要问题：现行法律规定不完善,导致纠纷解决缺乏确切的指导规范;司法救济效率相对较低,无法解决夹杂在宅基地流转纠纷中的其他社会矛盾;宅基地使用权和农村房屋的强制登记制度尚未建立,行政部门不配合加剧纠纷处理难度。完善宅基地流转纠纷解决机制的对策：逐步建立和完善相关法律制度;注重宅基地流转纠纷源头化解;完善宅基地流转多元纠纷解决机制。     

Using participatory rural appraisal and participatory research and extension in a post-independence environment: a case from East Timor

A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) conducted in East Timor in 2004 as part of an agricultural development project provided the basis for a number of community-based participatory extension initiatives. The PRA involved several communities throughout a watershed and also served as a training exercise for local agriculture ministry staff. Despite the poverty of many of the communities involved, and in contrast to published literature on the local agricultural situation, farmers clearly expressed their need for more marketable crops and alternative sources of livelihoods. Their desires contrasted with the project's initial assumption that the major need was for increased production of staple crops to alleviate food scarcity. The project consequently branched out from concentrating on basic agronomy of staple crops into developing marketable crops, improving livestock production and facilitating development of a local business. Farmers' groups were set up to allow farmers to develop their own agricultural enterprises. Some ministry staff who participated in the project welcomed the opportunity to move from the traditional authoritarian extension system set up under Indonesian colonial rule to a more collegial and educational system. The breakdown of institutions and lines of authority following independence may create new opportunities for participatory development in newly independent states.