关于社会责任会计的辨析

随着许多社会问题越来越严重,人们要求企业在追求微观利益的同时,也要承担相应的社会责任。社会责任会计应运而生,并成为会计关注的热点问题。本文主要对社会责任会计与传统企业会计、社会会计、责任会计和环境会计之间的关系进行分析,以期为更准确的理解社会责任会计提供参考。     

构建环境责任报告审计目标体系的探讨

环境责任已成为政府和企业社会责任的重要组成部分,环境审计也引起了世界各国会计和审计界的广泛关注与研究。近代社会经济学家认为,企业不能只注重市场,还要关注整个社会环境,企业对环境责任是客观存在的,也有履行环境责任的义务。企业环境责任报告是为了弥补企业现有报告的不足而产生的诸多企业社会责任报告中的一种。社会要求会计主体提供的环境责任报告信息对决策者有用,因此,该报告必须进行审计。构建环境责任报告审计的基本目标和具体目标是审计工作的发展,也是环境审计作为一门新的审计门类从理论到实践的必然性。     

生态补偿机制下的矿产资源开发环境会计重构

本文试图从建立生态补偿机制这个经济手段入手,从企业履行社会责任的需要出发,探讨了矿山企业增加生态补偿环境会计核算的重要性及其框架构建。     

对环境会计模式及会计处理方法的探讨

随着环境问题的日益突出,企业发生的环境事项也越来越多,然而传统的企业会计对这些环境事项并没有明确的核算规定,因此在制度层面上规范企业环保业务的核算,即构建企业环境会计制度,是将环保业务核算融入企业会计制度的产物。目前,我国对企业环境会计制度的研究尚处于起步阶段,还未形成一套公认的、可以在实务中运用的环境会计制度。本文论述了构建我国会计体系的必要性,并提出建立符合中国国情的环境会计制度的对策建议。     

浅析现代环境会计的核算模式

企业的可持续发展是环境会计建立和发展的基础和前提?而环境会计的存在是企业实施可持续发展战略的客观要求。它是以自然资源耗费应如何补偿为中心而展开的会计,它试图将会计学与环境经济学相结合,通过有效的价值管理,达到协调经济发展和环境保护的目的,因此有必要对企业经营活动进行绿色核算。     

Approaches and perspectives in social and environmental accounting: an overview of the conceptual landscape

In recent years there has been a marked resurgence of interest in the areas of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social and environmental accounting (SEA) among business, governments, public policymakers, investors, unions, environmentalists and others. While at one level there appears to be widespread agreement that CSR and SEA are worthy topics of attention, different groups have very different understandings of these fields. This article provides an analysis of these differences by comparing three broad approaches to SEA: the business case, stakeholder‐accountability and critical theory approaches. It also responds to concerns a number of commentators have expressed regarding the current dominance of ‘business case’ perspectives. While not seeking to impose on readers a ‘correct’ way of viewing SEA and CSR, exposure to competing perspectives is viewed as one way of challenging us to think more reflectively about the frames available to us and their implications for the social realities we construct, embed or seek to change. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

An analysis of environmental corporate social responsibility

This article investigates corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices while taking into account their product substitutability and environmental responsibility. CSR firms, integrating environmental and social concerns into its business operations, are introduced. The effects of the firms' social concerns, environmental responsibility, and product substitutability are all captured. First, firms' social concerns improve both outputs and CSR firms' objective function value, while reducing the profit maximization firm's profits. Second, environmental responsibility has the contrary effects. Both the outputs and the objective function values of both firms decrease with their product substitutability. Finally, social concern effects on CSR firms' performance are uncertain.     

社会责任会计基本准则初探

首先综述了传统会计准则的性质,然后从现行传统的企业会计准则体系入手,分析了社会责任会计准则的法律地位、性质和应采纳的模式,最后构建了我国社会责任会计基本准则体系。     

家族企业社会责任:研究述评与未来展望

在企业社会责任不断重构家族企业商业模式和可持续发展路径的背景下,家族企业的社会责任问题日益成为社会关注的热点。尽管过去十多年来学者们从多种理论视角对家族企业社会责任的前因和结果等议题展开了颇具成效的研究,但研究成果呈现出碎片化和模糊化的特征。基于此,首先区分了家族企业与非家族企业社会责任的不同内涵,明晰了家族企业社会责任的内涵与特征;其次,整合并评述了不同理论视角下家族企业社会责任的行为动因,并系统归纳了家族企业社会责任的影响效应,在此基础上构建了家族企业社会责任研究的逻辑框架;最后,对家族企业社会责任的未来研究方向进行了展望。     

企业社会责任财务分析指标研究

随着SA8000的出台,企业社会责任的关注度越来越高。从财务上如何评价企业的社会责任就显得十分重要,而传统的财务分析总是以单纯经济指标来分析企业经济责任。本文依据现有会计信息系统对财务数据进行挖掘,试图建立一套涵盖传统经济责任指标的企业社会责任财务分析指标,以使社会各团体客观公正地分析评价企业的社会责任。     

Greenwashing and environmental communication: Effects on stakeholders' perceptions

Since the first Earth Day in the 1970s, corporate environmental performance has increased dramatically, and cases of greenwashing have increased sharply. The term greenwash refers to a variety of different misleading communications that aim to form overly positive beliefs among stakeholders about a company's environmental practices. The growing number of corporate social responsibility claims, whether founded or not, creates difficulties for stakeholders in distinguishing between truly positive business performance and companies that only appear to embrace a model of sustainable development. In this context, through the lens of legitimacy and signalling theory, we intend to understand and assess the different influences that various types of misleading communications about environmental issues have on stakeholders' perceptions of corporate environmental responsibility and greenwashing. Stakeholder responses to an environmental scandal will also be assessed. The hypotheses tested through a four‐for‐two design experiment reveal that different levels of greenwashing have a significantly different influence on stakeholders' perceptions of corporate environmental responsibility and stakeholders' reactions to environmental scandals.     

A General Dynamic Capability: Does it Propagate Business and Social Competencies in the Retail Food Industry?*

abstract Given that firms have both business and social goals, an important unanswered question is whether a general dynamic capability breeds competencies in both these areas. In studies of the US retail food industry, we find that while a general dynamic capability affects firms’ competence in supply chain management (a business competency), it does not affect their competence in environmental management (a social competency). Firm mission and the extent to which firms obtain technical assistance are found to affect the acquisition of this latter competency. These findings offer insights into the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm and provide lessons for corporate social responsibility. They reveal more precisely what a general dynamic capability yields and how far its reach extends, suggesting that the factors that drive competitive advantage are not the same as those that drive social responsibility.     

企业环境成本核算的障碍与对策

工业经济快速发展造成了日益严重的环境问题。实施环境成本核算、采取措施控制环境成本对实现可持续发展是非常必要的。目前实施环境成本核算存在观念、制度和技术等方面的障碍。转变观念、强化企业社会责任教育、加强会计法制建设、完善市场调节等将对环境成本核算有积极促进意义。     

本土关系营销情境中的消费者心理契约研究反思

消费者心理契约主要是指消费者对企业在与之交易过程中或关系维系过程中,在规范要求、人际互动及竞争提升的环境影响下,对企业必须承担的某些责任的感知,是"潜规则"、"惯例",属于"礼"的范畴。本土消费者心理契约主要包括三个方面:规范责任、人际责任和发展责任,其中人际责任受本土文化影响最大;结合消费者个性因素、企业因素和社会环境因素,消费者心理契约可以分成8种类型。消费者心理契约不同方面对顾客关系的维系作用机制存在较大差异。     

论社会责任会计信息披露监管的改进路径

近年来,企业履行社会责任并披露社会责任信息日益受到关注;对社会责任会计信息披露的监管问题目前存在着诸多问题亟待改进。本文综述了国内外社会责任会计的相关研究后,从社会责任会计信息披露的各主要博弈方着手,分析了社会责任会计信息披露监管存在的问题及主要原因,最后提出了社会责任会计信息披露监管的改进路径。     

Values and the Social Responsibility of Global Business

ABSTRACT

Business is widely viewed as one of the major institutions in society. It has assumed a socially responsible role for itself that has given rise to two competing paradigms, social philanthropy and corporate citizenship. Business, however, has not fulfilled its social responsibility particularly well. One reason is that business does not seem to have understood the interplay between individual-level, culture-level and corporate-level values nor the implications of national differences in culture-level value priorities. Some recent developments in cross-cultural psychology offer a useful paradigm for understanding this interplay and resolving any conflicts which result from the attempts of global business to implement socially responsible policies.     

责任会计的几个主要理论问题

责任会计的对象是企业各责任单位可控的经济活动,其主要内容是划分责任中心、明确责任内容、制订经营目标、落实措施、进行责任控制与考评等。对责任的考核不仅要定性,更要定量;既要有价值指标,又要有非价值指标。责任会计本质上是与各种形式的经济责任制相适应,运用会计测定、反映不同责任者的工作业绩并同经济管理者的责任与报酬结合起来的会计管理体系,它与财务会计既有联系又有区别。     

多重视角下企业价值相关研究

企业价值是一个衡量企业业绩的重要指标,社会责任、隐性成本、会计指标等都是影响企业价值的重要因素。从当期来看企业承担社会责任会降低企业的价值,但是从长期发展来看社会责任能提升企业价值。企业只有以科学发展观为指导思想,通过良性循环发展才能从真正意义上降低自身经营成本,实现企业价值的提升;在传统的成本控制下人们只重视显性成本,但是在今天的经济环境下要想在市场上胜出一筹,只重视显性成本是远远不够的,隐性成本已经成为当今企业价值流失的一大祸根;在进行企业价值量化评估时经常用到企业账面价值、评估价值和市场价值等,怎样使用和准确把握这些指标是评估企业价值的关键所在。     

Environmental accounting: an essential component of business strategy

Environmental accounting is on an expansion path. With increasing social focus on the environment, accounting fills an expectation role, to measure environmental performance. The status of environmental awareness provides a dynamic for business reporting its environmental performance. Examining the integration of environmental policy with business policy is the focus of this research. The business firm's strategy includes responding to capital and operating costs of pollution control equipment. This is caused by increasing public concerns over environmental issues, and by a recent government‐led trend to incentive‐based regulation. This paper describes the environmental component of the business strategy, producing the required performance reports and recognizing the multiple skills required to measure, compile and analyze the requisite data. Special emphasis of the research is on generation of reports and their standards, for the range of business and regulatory purposes. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

高校校园企业的社会责任体系构建研究

高校商贸服务企业长期以来为高校师生提供丰富的生活服务需求,是保障校园正常运转的重要组成部分。本文在客观梳理高校商贸服务企业特点的基础上,对其社会责任体系的现状和特点作聚焦性地分析。其除了一般的社会责任之外,在营造校园文化氛围和人才培养中也承担着责任,指出小微企业的社会责任体系建设同样不容忽视。文中提出了构建完善的社会责任体系的途径,还尝试构建针对高校商贸服务企业社会责任的考核指标体系。