烟台地区耕地资源态势及宏观驱动力研究

According to the statistics of cultivated land in Yantai area during the Reform and Opening-up over the past 20 years and with the detailed survey and changing data of land use during the recent live years, this paper reveals the basic characteristics of the resource utilization, the basic process of the changes, regional differences, and current direction of cultivated land In addition, this paper makes a preliminary research on the major driving factors and the influence mechanism for the changes in the cultivated land area. and reaches the following conclasions： （1） There was a trend of obvious fluctuant decrease in cultivated laud area during the past 20 years. The changes of cultivated land have undergone the process - slow decrease,steep decrease, slow decrease. And there were three peak periods of cultivated land loss around 1985. 1987-1996 and 1991-1993 respectively （2） The decreased cultivated land was mainly converted into land for industry and mining, residential area. and all kinds of traffic and orchards. The increase of cultivated land mainly came from exploitation and land and arrangement and reclamation of industry and mining land （3） The economic development. population growth and policy are the dominant macro-driving factors for the decrease of cultivated land area in Yantai. The obvious sudden changes during the change process of cultivated land acreage are relevant to the national macro.policies background The rapid decrease of cnltivated land area is synchronous with the overheated economic growth resulting from the direct investment in fixed assets. Spatial distribution of the decrease in cultivated land is congruous with the differences in speed and the scale of economic growth between the different regions of Yantai area. Furthermore. the decrease in cultivated land caused by population increase cannot be ignored.     

Research on driving forces for rural settlement land changes in China

During the rapid urbanization period, the contradiction between demand for the construction land and the preservation of cultivated land for food security is getting more and more serious in China. With the urbanization the rural settlement land is increasing instead of decreasing; This paper aims at.finding the driving forces for rural settlement land expanston. Based on land use change survey data （1996-2006） by the Ministry of Land and Resources P. R. C., this paper find, that per capita area for rural settlement land is more than per capita area for city; township and industrial land in each province except Tibet. Besides, rural settlement land area and per capita rural settlement land area are increasing while the rural poputation is decreasing in most provinces. The main problems of rural settlement land use are low efficiency, high vacancy rate, chaotic layout and illegal occupancy. Then the driving forces [br rural settlement land expansion, including economic development, family income, family scale, psychological factors, urbanization, transportation, lack of planning, limited circulation of dwelling-house land and imperfect sociat security, ate explored based on above analysis, Finalty, policy recommendations, in view of different influencing factors, are put forward to control the disorder expansion of rural setttement land.     

Status of CO2 emissions; driving forces and mitigation countermeasles of Tianjin, China

Climate change is a long-term and important challenge facing the whole world. Mitigation of CO2 emissions is one of important measures responding to climate change. The task of responding to climate change facing each city is very urgent. The total amount of Tianjin City＆#39;s CO2 emissions from energy use and industrial processes is large and the amount of CO2 emissions per capita from fossil fuel combustion is quite high. Mitigation of CO2 emission in Tianjin City encounters many difficulties such as increasing population, rapidly growing economy, heavy industrial structure, backward tertiary industry, low level of energy efficiency and product technologies, and energy structure relying mainly on coal. This paper analyzes Tianjin City＆#39;s general situation of economic and social developments, estimates Tianjin City＆#39;s status of CO2 emissions using 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, analyzes Tianjin City＆#39;s driving forces of CO2 emissions by methodology to analyze the driving forces of energy-related CO2 emissions, and puts forward countermeasures mitigating CO2 emissions in Tianjin City, such as strictly controlling increasing population, expediting industrial structure adjustment, insisting on strategy of energy conserving, vigorously enhancing energy efficiency, exploiting and using clean and renewable energy, advancing energy structure adjustments, and actively developing carbon capture and storage （CCS） technologies.     

Coordination of urbanization and cultivated land resources in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area:A case study of Guangzhou City

Guangzhou,a significant hub city in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,has seen fast social and economic growth as well as steady progress in the degree of urbanization.This research,taking Guangzhou city as an example,aims to provide an understanding of how land resources,urbanization,and spatial planning are coordinated in the study area.It also aims to explore how the coordination degree of land resources,urbanization,and spatial planning changes over time.It seeks to provide effe...     

County financial ecology and the development of new socialist countryside in China

The new rural construction will involve many fields, such as the upgrade of the industrial structure of agriculture, the impravement of the efficiency in the use of agricultural resources, the increase of farmers＇ income, maintaining sustainable agricultural development, and strengthening the construction of agricultural service system and circulation system.Finance, as the core of modem economy, should serve the new rural construction. However, there are many problems about the financial system in the rural area for a long time. So it is vital to build a good county financial eco-environment to promote the development of county financial systems and give full scope to the supporting function of finance. Only when we solve the problems in rural financial ecology and make clear the government ＇s fanction and activities, the county financial environment can function and be improved. Based on the reality of county economic development and starting from the connotation of county financial ecology, this paper analyzes the status quo of county financial eco-environment, especially the significance of optimizing the county financial eco-environment under the macroscopic background that the country proposed the socialist new rural reconstruction, and proposes the opinions and suggestions to construct and the maintain county financial eco-environment.     

The Positive Research of Human Capital Structure and the Disparity Problem of Area in Our Country

The factors that influence the economic growth are various and complicated.This paper has especially probed into calculating and impact on regional economic growth of the human capital structure. First, on the basis of considering human capital quality, we use Gini coefficient law to calculate human capital structure coefficient of our country＇s each province （municipal or district）; Second, according to the result of calculating of human capital structure coefficient, considering input of material capital, average education level and so on at the same time, we set up regional economic growth model and use the panel data to examine the model. The result indicates the human capital structure coefficient of each province （municipal or district）in inverse proportion to economic growth （- 0. 108）. The last is the conclusion of this text.     

Resource constraint,sustainable economic growth pattern and transformation of economic system in China

Over the past 20 years, China has made spectacular achievements in economic growth as well as in thetransformation of economic growth pattern. Industrial structure is being updated, and technology is playing a more andmore important role in economic development. The energy and resource consumption in many industries and enterprisesare reducing. However, we should realize that there are still many problems in changing the economic growth pattern,such as high input, high consumption, high discharge, inharmony, recycling difficulty, and low efficiency, which havegreatly impaired and restrict Chinese economic development. Therefore, the fundamental change of the economic growthpattern is inevitable. Based on the analysis on the status quo and the exploit of resources, this paper suggests that thetransformation from unsustainable to sustainable growth is the only choice in changing the economic growth pattern. Inaddition, the transformation should not completely rely on the fundamental effects of market mechanism. We should makefull use of the power of governments to speed up the transformation of economic system.     

Resource integration of regional economic development in northwest China

Northwestern area is the most arid and underdeveloped area in China. Lots of researches have been doneto find the approaches to alleviate poverty. But there are some problems, for example, how to invest, how to use capital,and why the utilization rate is ambiguous. Water, capital and human resources are analyzed in this paper to be comparedwith their Utilization rates. As a result, according to the dependences of economic growth on those resources, a newapproach has been selected to organize the integration ways among these resources for economic development innorthwestern China. The efficient ways to develop northwestern China are： firstly, use the wanting resources mosteffectively to make an efficient integration model of multiple resources. For example, enhance the utilization rate of waterto raise the value of other resources. Secondly, invest more in basic factors for economic development to upgrade thecompetitiveness in the western China. For example, invest more in primary education and sustainable development ofbasic natural resources in order to have more power for sustainable development.     

Comprehensive evaluation of regional ecological security for land use: a case study of Yanchi County, Ningxia Province

As an abstract study conception, most researches of ecological security generally are macro-scale theoretical study with a regional, national or global perspective. Micro-scale research mainly concentrates on ecological risk, ecosystem health and ecosystem safety. In order to assess regional ecological security and to accomplish the transition from micro-scale to macro-scale research, a Driving-Function-State-Output-Respond model framework （DFSOR model） is put forward in this paper according to the analyses on regional population, society, economy resources, environment and ecological risks＇. In empirical research an index system is set out to evaluate ecological security of land use. The DFSOR model comprises five group of indicators： （1） driving indicators, which include social population pressure and economic pressure; （2）function indicators, which include human function, hydrodynamic function, wind function and gravity.function; （3） state indicators, which include soil resources, water resources and land use/land cover; （4） output indicators, which include production output and ecological risk output; （5） response indicators, which are composed of all sorts of policies and measures for improving production of ecosystem. The method and procedure for ecological security evaluation is put forward based on DFSOR model as well. In the case study, Yanchi, the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry, is chosen for the study. An index system is built to evaluate ecological security based on the evaluation of regional ecological risks which including sandification, water erosion, soil salinization, soil pollution and shortage of water. The comprehensive evaluation result shows the regional ecological security index of land use in the research area increase obviously. But it is still in the state of low-graded danger.     

Development pattern of the industry form in mountains area： a case study of the Three Gorges Reservoir area

The mountainous areas （mountain, plateau and hilly area ） cover than 85% of total land territory of China.Nature and humanity in very mountainous ares has its own geographic characteristics.In the process of industrialization and urbanization in China, realizing the sustainable development of the mouniainous areas, optimizing man-land system, and adopting and continuously developing corresponding economic modes of the mountainous areas with multi-functions of economy, ecalogy, culture and society to chararacterize production content, mode of production. mode of operation is not only helpful to econonty, society and ecological value and is of great aesthetic value,but also solve the technological problems of the subject of starting undertaking to finally transform the regional resource advantage of the mountainous area into the advantage of capital and technology for economic development and to get rid of the contradiction between underdeveloped economy and abundant resources. This paper takes the Three Gorges Reservoir（TGR） area for example to show that it＇s of great practical and theoretical significance ,regional distribution,variety structure and quality structure.     

呼包鄂榆经济区县域经济的时空变化

采集呼包鄂榆经济区内38个旗县区2001、2005和2009年的数据,利用SPSS、AGCGIS、ESDA软件进行主成分分析、空间相关分析和可视化处理,研究县域经济的时间变化、空间变化、空间相关关系。结果表明:县域经济差异的年际变化曲线相对稳定,各县经济差异变化没有明显起伏;四种类型县域经济变化相对稳定,局部有明显变化;大城市的极化作用相对明显,而扩散作用明显不强;县域经济水平类型数量结构从"木桶型"向"橄榄球型"演变;县域经济水平的分布呈中心高、四周低的分异状态,经济发达县和高收入县主要分布在鄂尔多斯中部、呼和浩特城区、包头城区,低收入县主要分布在榆林市南部,集中分布;县域经济水平空间结构呈典型的"三核"形态,呼和浩特市、包头市、东胜区构成区域经济发展的"中心",但对区域经济的辐射带动作用不足;县域经济水平具有为明显的空间集聚性,即高值集聚、低值集聚的格局,高值集聚在鄂尔多斯中部,低值集聚在榆林市南部;热点区域主要是东胜区,盲点区域主要是榆林市南部8个旗区。     

长沙市土地利用结构信息熵时空变化研究

运用信息熵理论对长沙市1996—2008年的土地利用变化进行时间序列和空间变异分析。结果显示：在时间上,长沙市土地利用结构信息熵、均衡度在研究期间呈现波动上升态势,优势度则呈逐年下降趋势,说明长沙市土地利用系统正由低级有序向高级无序转化,结构性减弱,均衡度增加;在空间上,信息熵存在着较大的空间差异性,建成区的信息熵普通大于长沙市所下辖各县市的信息熵。通过土地利用结构信息熵相关性分析,结果发现：①长沙市土地利用变化主要表现为耕地、园地、林地、未利用地、水域及水利设施用地的减少以及交通、居民点和独立工矿用地的增加,直接导致了其信息熵的变化;②长沙市经济的快速发展,尤其是第二产业迅速增长,是其信息熵增大的根本动因;③总人口数的增加、城市化水平的提高与信息熵的增大有着密切关系。     

基于LUCC的南昌市生态资产价值演变及生态经济协调性研究

生态资产是经济社会发展过程中复合生态系统功能的价值表征,也是判断土地利用结构合理性的重要依据。论文通过GIS地理空间方法解析南昌市2008年、2013年、2018年的Landsat TM影像获得土地利用数据,利用相关模型分析南昌市土地利用幅度、速度、强度和生态资产价值的变化情况,并测算生态环境与经济发展的协调水平。结果表明:南昌市土地利用类型以耕地为主;生态资产价值主要源于耕地、林地和水域,但草地质量的下降、林地面积的缩减和建设用地的快速扩张使得生态资产价值下降了2.45%;并且生态环境与经济发展协调水平较低,生态环境在经济发展过程中承受了较大压力,从而提出要合理调整土地利用结构、注重生态经济协同发展,并建立绿色长远发展的生态保护屏障等政策建议。     

烟台市耕地流向及其与经济发展的关系研究

改革开放20多年来，随着人口的增长、经济的迅猛发展，工业化、城市化进程的加快，烟台地区耕地资源持续减少。本文基于烟台地区相关的统计资料，初步分析了烟台市耕地资源利用与变化的基本特征及耕地流向与经济发展的关系，得出以下结论：(1)烟台市耕地资源的数量和质量不断下降，耕地的主要流向是工矿用地、居民点和各类交通用地以及果园等；(2)经济发展是耕地面积变化的主要驱动力。因此，科学合理地利用城市有限的土地资源，已经成为当前城市建设与发展以及规划决策所面临的紧迫问题。     

区域经济不同发展阶段的合理判定——以广西崇左市、安徽滁州市、江苏南通市为例

首先简介了区域经济发展阶段各种理论及划分方法,并在区域经济发展阶段的指标体系及具体划分方面,提出自己见解。通过计算1984—2004年间,我国西部地区广西崇左市、中部地区安徽滁州市、东部地区江苏南通市经济发展的变化轨迹,确定不同区域经济发展阶段。最后根据分析结果及我国中东西部地区实际,提出区域经济发展相应对策。     

杭嘉湖平原地区土地利用变化驱动机制分析

选择位于杭嘉湖平原地区社会经济快速发展的浙江省海盐县为研究区,利用遥感数据,对研究区土地利用类型的空间转移与格局变化进行分析的基础上,选取研究区土地利用变化的社会经济驱动因子,运用典型相关分析方法诊断各社会经济驱动因子对土地利用变化格局形成贡献作用的大小,同时运用典型相关系数和冗余度分析,检验了分析结果。研究结果表明,人口密度、单位面积工业总产值、单位面积农业总产值、城镇化水平、农民人均年纯收入等5个因子是影响研究区土地利用变化的主要社会经济驱动因子。     

新行政区划调整下的合肥市环城游憩带（ReBAM）旅游发展现状及策略探讨

2011年安徽省撤销地级巢湖市,对合肥市行政区划进行调整,新设的县级巢湖市、庐江县划归合肥市管辖,使得合肥市人口增加,城市范围扩大,城郊旅游空间发生巨大变化,环城游憩带范围也因此出现调整。采取优化空间结构、推进资源整合、加大市场营销和完善产品体系等策略有利于合肥市促进环城游憩带的持续发展。     

基于GEE的淮南市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

以淮南市为研究区,基于谷歌地球引擎(GEE)云平台获取的土地利用数据和修正的当量因子表,分析2010—2018年淮南市生态系统服务价值(ESV)的时空变化,以期探究淮南市煤炭开采对ESV的影响,为淮南市可持续发展提供决策依据。结果表明:2010—2018年,淮南市的耕地面积减少,建设用地和水域面积增加,其他土地利用类型变化幅度较小;淮南市ESV呈增长趋势,由2010年的98.37亿元增长到了2018年的119.64亿元;基于1 km×1 km的格网尺度对淮南市ESV进行分析发现:淮南市ESV低值区面积减少,较低、中等、较高、高等级的面积均呈上升趋势;各土地利用类型价值系数的敏感性指数均小于1,说明研究结果具有可靠性;淮南市ESV与累计原煤产量有较高的相关性,两者相关系数R2为0.8546。     

昆山市城乡一体化进程综合评价分析

文章以昆山市域为研究范围,通过分析、比较、综合法构建适宜中小尺度区域的县(市)级城乡一体化评价体系,并运用层次分析法从经济、民生、科教、生态等方面进行综合评价分析。总结分析了昆山经济、社会在高速发展过程中的优势与不足,以及重点建设方向等。为提高政府对县(市)域城乡一体化建设的科学管理水平和为制订宏观调控政策提供理论依据。