基于企业相关者利益的会计契约构建

本文分析了会计契约有利于界定产权和剩余利益索取权、降低企业的契约成本、能充当利益相关者协调的工具等功能。它是利益相关者博弈均衡的结果,合理的会计契约安排有利于协调企业相关者利益。在此基础上本文还就如何合理安排会计契约进行了探索。     

对利益相关者理论的再认识

利益相关者理论是现代企业理论、契约理论研究的核心问题之一.通过对利益相关者理论的界定、起源,发展、内涵、理论基础及其应用进行综述,期望对利益相关者理论形成一个清晰的框架.     

基于利益相关者集体选择的企业所有权形成机理推演

企业所有权形成是利益相关者集体选择的结果,需经历两次集体选择过程。第一次集体选择是所有社会成员对“企业”这种经济主体所有权共识的普选过程,即宏观层面选择,其结果是形成对所有企业所有权都具有约束力的法律、法规或者规章制度等;第二次集体选择则是在第一次集体选择形成的正式规则框架下,由特定企业的利益相关者对特定企业所有权所进行的集体选择,即微观层面选择,其结果是形成多样化的所有权结构。     

基于契约理论的企业利益相关者命题探析

现代企业契约理论对企业所有权分配的研究令人关注,并引起越来越多的争论。以前人的研究为基础,将剩余控制权进行了分割,提出企业所有权是剩余索取权与终极剩余控制权的融合体,并对所有权最优安排进行了讨论,认为股东拥有企业所有权是现实与理论逻辑的统一,利益相关者财富最大化目标理论基础并不可靠,实际操作更不现实。     

论述企业和利益相关者之间契约关系下的税务筹划

伴随着税务筹划被越来越多的企业所接受,各种形式的税务筹划正逐渐兴起。税务筹划与企业契约之间有着密切联系,将契约理论应用到企业税务筹划中,能够客观辩证分析企业税务筹划中各个利益相关的契约关系,有利于加深企业税务筹划的动机、效应等,进而制定出有效的税务筹划对策。     

利益相关者视角的石油企业社会责任评价指标选择

对于石油企业社会责任具体内容的界定模糊以及可量化的评价指标缺乏使石油企业在量化企业社会责任过程中缺乏依据。本文在选择石油企业社会责任评价指标中引入利益相关者理论,拟从利益相关者视角来分析石油企业社会责任的具体内容,并在此基础上选择确定石油企业社会责任评价指标,对进行石油企业社会责任评价提供量化基础。     

基于关键利益相关者的企业战略绩效评价模型研究

本文从利益相关者和企业多重责任入手,分析总结了现有的企业战略绩效评价内容和模型,论述了企业财务绩效和社会责任的一致性,并提出了与关键利益相关者相适应的新的企业战略绩效评价模型。     

利益相关者视角下的会计政策选择参与机制研究

随着投资主体的多元化,公司已非简单的实物资产的集合.而是一种法律框架结构,其作用在于权衡所有参与企业财富创造活动的利益相关者之间的相互关系.如果利益相关者之间的利益不均衡,不仅会造成整个社会资源的浪费,而且他们之间的利益冲突将会使企业遭受巨大的损失.因此,企业管理层在选择会计政策时,应站在利益相关者的视角,把它提高到企业战略的高度来认识和选择,从更长期的角度来进行审视,剔除短期行为,排除管理层毁灭企业价值的机会主义行为,有效解决会计政策的选择问题,从而持续创造企业价值.     

利益相关者共生视角下企业集团财务控制模式的现实选择

企业集团财务控制权是企业所有权的核心内容,选择合适的财务控制模式是企业财务控制权健康运行的保障,是企业集团核心竞争力提升的重要基石。本文从利益相关者共生理论的基本内容和特征出发,论证了企业财权的运作特征,在此基础上重点分析了利益相关者视角下财务控制模式的三种形式,最后提出了现阶段财务控制模式的现实选择。     

基于利益相关者理论的企业社会责任会计信息披露相关问题研究

正一、研究背景企业是经济性组织,为市场高效率、低成本地提供有价值的产品或服务,获取较好的绩效是企业可持续发展的基础。企业自身作为经济性组织,是人力、物力以及财力的集合体,它的经营过程必然牵涉到企业内部的利益相关者的权益。同时,企业是社会的企业,它的经营发展也会对社会产生一定的影响,因而也必然牵涉到社会上的利益相关者的权益问题。因此,企业作为一个独立的市场个体,在发展的过程中,也需     

企业成长视角的利益相关者利益要求差异研究

企业与利益相关者之间所缔结的综合性社会契约是利益相关者利益要求的根源,综合性社会契约的复杂性造成企业对利益相关者利益要求认知的差异。文章通过实证研究,从企业成长的视角,对不同规模与不同生命周期的企业对利益相关者利益要求的认知差异进行识别与分析。根据研究结果,文章建议社会各方应给予中小型企业与衰退期企业更多关心与关注,以促使其更好地回应利益相关者利益要求,强化其社会责任意识。     

The Democratic Firm: An Argument Based on Ordinary Jurisprudence

This paper presents an argument for the democratic (or 'labor-managed') firm based on ordinary jurisprudence. The standard principle of responsibility in jurisprudence ('Assign legal responsibility in accordance with de facto responsibility') implies that the people working in a firm should legally appropriate the assets and liabilities produced in the firm (the positive and negative fruits of their labor). This appropriation is normally violated due to the employment or self-rental contract. However, we present an inalienable rights argument that descends from the Reformation and Enlightenment which argues that the self-rental contract, like the self-sale or voluntary slavery contract, is inherently invalid. The key intuition of the inalienable rights theory is that one cannot in fact voluntarily transfer de facto responsibility for one's actions to another person. One can only voluntarily co-operate with another person, but then one is de facto jointly responsible for the results. Just as the legal authorities legally reconstruct the criminous employer and employee as a partnership with shared responsibility, so justice demands that every firm be legally reconstructed as a partnership of all who work (working employers and employees) in the enterprise, i.e., as a democratic firm.     

理论中的企业所有权:悖论性质及其超越

本文认为,无论用剩余索取权还是用剩余控制权抑或用这两种剩余权利的统一体来定义企业所有权,由于其对企业自然属性的忽视以及考察企业所有权的方法存在的问题,导致其无法规避理论上的悖论性结果。文章提出,为跨出这种理论上的悖论境地,必须寻找新的途径对企业所有权进行重新界定。在企业理论中,如果涉及到企业所有权,就简单地直接使用法律上的企业所有权概念;而研究那些"实际存在"的权利的时候,就使用产权这一概念,因为产权本来就表示一组权利。     

关于我国家族企业股权结构及治理模式的研究

我国家族企业数量众多,其发展状况直接影响着中国的经济。本文分析了我国家族企业目前的治理结构具有的特征,在对目前治理模式的优、劣势进行了剖析后,本文认为,随着企业的发展,家族企业治理模式面临转换和创新,需要对所有权与经营权进行合理安排,并使之制度化、系统化。     

异质企业贸易模型的理论进展

21世纪初国际贸易领域的研究重点逐渐由对产业的关注转向对国际贸易中异质企业的关注。本文介绍了异质企业贸易模型的建立、异质企业贸易模型的拓展,围绕企业生产率异质性、企业出口行为和FDI行为选择、企业一体化和外包组织形式选择等核心问题,对现有国际研究成果进行了综述,并探讨了异质企业贸易模型的发展方向。     

柔性公司模型及其应用

随着经营环境动态性和复杂性的增强,越来越多的企业实施柔性劳动力雇佣。欧洲的柔性公司模型主要采用三类雇佣模式:共同雇佣、直接雇佣和间接雇佣,这些模型在国内应用必须依据我国国情实际,以及国内的现行法律。     

Towards an Integrative Model of Small Firm Internationalisation

Firm internationalisation has long been regarded as an incremental process, wherein firms gravitate towards psychologically close markets and increase commitment to international markets in a gradual, step-wise, manner through a series of evolutionary stages. However, much of the recent literature provides clear evidence of rapid and dedicated internationalisation by born global firms. Typically, these are smaller entrepreneurial firms that internationalise from inception, or start to shortly thereafter. Their main source of competitive advantage is often related to a more sophisticated knowledge base. In addition, the authors have found evidence of firms supporting this born global pattern of behaviour but also evidence of firms that suddenly internationalise after a long period of focusing on the domestic market. These born-again globals appear to be influenced by critical events that provide them with additional human or financial resources, such as changes in ownership/management, being taken over by another company with international networks, or themselves acquiring such a firm. Based upon the extant literature and our own research, we propose an integrative model that recognises the existence of different internationalisation pathways. We then explore differences in behaviour due to the firm's internationalisation trajectory and discuss the strategic and public policy implications.     

企业进化的基因结构模型及其启示

文章结合生物进化论和演化经济学等学科的相关研究,以企业成长进化论为理论基础,指出企业核心理念和惯例分别构成了决定企业异质性和成长状况的组织基因的双层结构,并进一步通过构建企业进化的组织基因结构模型对企业进化三种机制进行全面深入论述,以期对企业的成长过程做一新的理论探讨,并对我国企业实现可持续成长有所启示。     

The Stakeholder Model: The Influence of the Ownership and Governance Structures

This paper addresses the possibilities to introduce the stakeholder model in the firm, especially the possibility to give property or decision rights to stakeholders. This paper argues that it is not practical to give full property rights to more than one group of stakeholders. Decision rights to employees and creditors are already in place in some countries, but the possibility to introduce them more generally to other stakeholder groups depends very much on the governance and ownership structure of the firm and the legal environment. The future of the stakeholder model in a globalised economy is also analysed.Eva Jansson is currently associate professor of managerial economics at the Universitat Autònoma of Barcelona. She holds a BA in statistics from the University of Stockholm and graduated in economics from Universitat of Barcelona. She holds a Ph.D. from Universitat Autònoma of Barcelona. Her research interests have been in fiscal policy, regulations of service sectors and recently topics in corporate governance. Special interest has been given to international comparison of ownership structures, changes in ownership structure of Spanish firms and to the evolution of ownership structures of privatized Spanish firms. Recent works include topics on the stakeholder model.