企业所得税会计几个问题的探讨

本文研究企业所得税会计问题。针对我国企业所得税会计准则在执行过程中存在的方法、理念几个等认识误区问题,提出相应解决措施,主张理念决定方法,只有从理念、依据的角度深刻认识所得税会计准则的主旨,才能在实际工作中正确执行准则的相关规定。     

经济转型中城镇居民受益均衡性的经验分析

基于1985~2012年城镇居民收入分组数据,分析了经济结构转换、投资增长以及经济开放程度的改变对于各收入组收入增长的不同效应,以及这一期间相应宏观经济变量对城镇居民收入增长均衡性的影响。结果表明:产业结构升级会拉大城镇居民收入差距,第三产业比重增加更有利于高收入人群收入提高;国内投资与利用外资、经济开放程度对城镇不同收入组收入增长都具有不同的影响。     

The Treatment of Non-Recurring Items in the Income Statement and their Consistency with FASB Concept Statements

This study provides evidence on the consistency of Accounting Principles Board Statement No. 30 (APB, 1973) classification criteria with the objectives of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Concept Statements Nos 1 and 2 (FASB, 1978, 1980). It is hypothesized that the current APB 30 requirement to classify items of a non-recurring nature in the operating section of the income statement decreases the predictive ability of income before extraordinary items. A random sample of 50 firms with non-recurring adjustments to income, which were included in the operating section of the income statement, was selected from Standard and Poor's Corporation Records. Naive models were used to generate earnings per share forecasts for the year in which the adjustment to income occurred, the prior year and subsequent year.
The results indicate a statistically significant decrease in the predictive ability of earnings per share before extraordinary items associated with the year that the adjustment occurred and a significant increase in the variability of earnings per share. Also, differences in predictive ability were noted between small and large firms and firms with positive and negative adjustments to income.
The results of this study also imply that the managers of most firms with negative adjustments to income are not using the adjustments to smooth income for either the purpose of decreasing the variability of earnings or increasing predictability. The results are more consistent with the 'big bath' theory. These conclusions appear to be more relevant for smaller firms than larger firms.     

Earnings Components,Accounting Bias and Equity Valuation

In this paper we address three issues in accounting-based equity valuation: (i) How are valuation parameters related to earnings persistence and accounting conservatism when earnings components aggregate, or “add up”, in valuation? (ii) What does aggregation of earnings components in valuation imply for abnormal earnings dynamics? and (iii) When is an earnings component “irrelevant” and “core”?earnings the relevant construct for valuation? Assuming linear valuation, no-arbitrage, dividend irrelevance and clean surplus accounting, we show that when earnings components aggregate, valuation expressions and abnormal earnings dynamics are generalizations of the Ohlson (1995) model, incorporating simple adjustments for accounting conservatism. When “core” earnings are the relevant earnings construct, valuation expressions closely resemble the aggregation case, but core (abnormal) earnings replaces clean surplus (abnormal) earnings. We demonstrate that an earnings component can be irrelevant in valuation even when it is predictable.     

公司治理结构中会计目标的法律经济学解释——兼论我国会计法律制度的完善

公司治理涉及各种利益相关者责权利的划分和制衡。会计是连接权利和利益的纽带,会计信息质量在公司治理结构中扮演着重要的角色。公司治理中对各种利益相关者的约束与制衡机制需要以会计信息作保障。会计目标与公司治理目标具有内在的关联性,在我国公司目前所处的经济环境下,公司目标是影响公司治理结构的重要因素.会计法律制度的完善对我国公司治理具有重要的意义。     

经济全球化与会计规范的国际协调

经济全球化和区域经济一体化是当今世界经济发展的两大趋势。全球化的经济需要全球化的治理。面对日益全球化的国际经济形势以及加入WTO后的外部环境，处于转轨经济背景下的我国会计规范建设应当顺势而为，积极进行有效调整，以推动会计国际化进程，降低我国经济国际化的制度成本。     

新企业所得税法的经济影响分析

《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》(以下简称"新企业所得税法")在税制要素及征纳方法等具体方面做出了调整。本文从税率、应纳税所得额、税收优惠政策、纳税调整、纳税方式的变化入手,分析了新企业所得税法将对企业及经济运行的影响。     

新会计准则下固定资产处置的会计处理和税法的差异

本文简要分析了新会计准则和税法产生差异的原因,而后从固定资产处置入手,详细分析了固定资产的会计处理和所得税、流转税处理的差异。经过分析,得出的结论是会计准则和税法产生差异是不可避免的。     

论会计准则制定中的政府间博弈

会计准则具有经济后果,产生于不同会计准则的不同会计信息,会因此影响各利益集团的利益分配。因此会计准则的制定不是一种纯技术过程,而是各利益集团多次博弈达成的均衡结果。本文基于博弈论的视角,深入分析了会计准则制定中的政府间博弈,并就我国会计准则的国际趋同提出了一些建议。     

Editorial proximity equals publication success: A function of rational self-interest or good-faith economy?

This paper inquires into a recent finding that shows that proximity to the editor of a top accounting journal significantly increases one's chances of publishing in that journal. Three explanations are provided for this finding—two based on ‘rational self-interest’ and one on the ‘good-faith economy’. These explanations are further considered in light of interview data collected from individuals who worked in the same social space as these editors. While the first two of these explanations align themselves with the field's dominant methodological assumptions they alone do not fully describe actual practice in this field. Indeed, to the extent that this field's actors ignore or discount the third, good-faith explanation the field abrogates its scientific commitment to truth-seeking and objectivity, putting its faith instead in a naïve and potentially damaging vision of human behavior.     

汇率变动与经济增长方式的转换——基于结构优化的视角

汇率变动具有实际收入效应,居民实际收入的变化会影响需求结构,并进而改变不同产业间的相对价格,引起产业结构的变动。由于产业结构的优化对经济增长方式的转变具有重要影响,因此,汇率变动在改变产业结构的同时,也会对经济增长方式产生重要影响。