基于TPB和TAM整合扩展模型的景区预约行为意向研究

本研究以4处上海市4A级景区为案例地,整合计划行为理论、技术接受模型,围绕构念“担忧”构建游客景区预约行为意向整合扩展模型,使用偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)进行模型检验。研究发现：主观规范、景区预约态度和知觉行为控制对景区预约行为意向有显著直接影响;感知易用性相较于感知有用性对知觉行为控制的影响更为显著;因疫情产生的担忧情绪通过主观规范和知觉行为控制间接影响景区预约行为意向。研究在理论上对传统模型进行整合拓展,从技术和管理角度为优化景区预约方式提供理论依据与实践建议。     

熟悉度对旅游形象感知行为影响研究——以重庆市民对上海旅游形象感知为例

潜在游客对目的地旅游形象的感知是旅游目的地选择行为的开始,而旅游形象的感知又来源于对该旅游地的认识,也就是通过各种信息"熟悉"该旅游目的地.本文根据前人研究结果提出了以熟悉度作为前因变量,认知形象与情感形象为中介变量的旅游形象感知行为模型,并以重庆市民对上海旅游形象感知为例进行了实证研究.研究表明:在本文的旅游形象感知行为模型中,对于旅游意向影响最大的因素是熟悉度,它通过4条路径对旅游意向产生间接和直接影响,其总影响效果达到了0.591;其次为认知形象和情感形象,它们对旅游意向的总影响效果分别为0.546和0.378.     

生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响研究

本文从游客对旅游住宿产品体验和感知的视角,研究生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客环保行为意向的影响。结果表明:(1)游客的生态住宿体验和个人涉入度对游客的环保行为意向具有显著的正向影响;(2)个人涉入度包括"感知重要性与娱乐价值"、"符号价值"、"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"4个维度;其中"感知重要性与娱乐价值"及"符号价值"对游客的环保行为意向表现出显著的正向影响,而"风险可能性"和"风险重要性"对环保行为意向的影响不显著;(3)生态意识的调节效应显著。该结论对于丰富国内外相关研究具有一定的理论价值,为旅游住宿企业开发产品的价值诉求提供决策参考。     

基于T PB拓展模型的出境游客文明旅游行为意向影响机制研究

提升我国公民出境旅游文明素质,培育其文明旅游行为已刻不容缓.文章基于TPB视角,引入道德规范与地方依恋,构建了出境游客文明旅游行为意向影响机制模型.以出境游客为研究样本,运用结构方程模型方法探讨了主观规范、行为态度、感知行为控制、道德规范及地方依恋对文明旅游行为意向的具体影响.研究结果表明:(1)主观规范、感知行为控制、道德规范及地方依恋均通过行为态度间接影响出境游客文明旅游行为意向;(2)主观规范不仅直接影响行为态度,且通过道德规范间接影响行为态度;(3)行为态度是驱动出境游客文明旅游行为意向的最重要因素.     

顾客选择入住绿色饭店的行为意向研究——基于计划行为理论角度

文章以北京市金叶级绿色饭店的消费者为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方法,基于计划行为理论模型(TPB),对消费者选择入住绿色饭店的决策机制进行了分析,以期发现影响消费者购买意向的内在因素.总的看来,计划行为理论模型经过修正后,运用于绿色饭店的消费者购买意向研究中,修正模型对行为意向的解释和预测作用较好.结果表明:(1)行为态度、主观规范和感知行为控制3个因素会显著影响顾客是否选择入住绿色饭店的行为意向,其中行为态度对行为意向的影响最大,表明消费者在进行入住绿色饭店的决策时,行为态度是最重要的因素.(2)主观规范不但会直接对行为意向产生影响,而且会作为中介变量,通过行为态度和感知行为控制这两个变量来影响行为意向,表明消费者在进行绿色消费时会倾向于服从社会规范.(3)消费者的性别和年龄在决策过程上具有差异,男性消费者和大龄组消费者更容易受到主观规范的影响而产生购买意向.(4)有近一半的消费者并不清楚自己是否入住过绿色饭店,说明绿色饭店在环境友好措施宣传方面需加强.     

旅游者恢复性环境感知与游后行为意向——影响机制和边界条件

游客恢复性环境感知作为联结旅游体验和健康的重要环节,是游客与旅游地环境交融形成的综合性体验,是游客管理研究的新视角,但游客恢复性环境感知对游后行为意向的积极效用还未得到深入理解。文章从注意恢复理论出发,应用Mehrabian-Rusell模型,探讨游客恢复性感知、满意度对游后行为意向的影响及游客涉入的调节作用。通过问卷调查收集数据,得到547个有效样本,使用结构方程建模。研究发现:游客功能类恢复性感知(一致性、新奇)正向影响情感类恢复性感知(迷人、兼容性、逃逸);兼容性比迷人对满意度的正向影响更大;新奇比逃逸对游后行为意向的正向影响更大;兼容性与满意度在"一致性、新奇-游后行为意向"的结构中有多重链式中介作用;迷人、兼容性对满意度的影响受游客涉入的正调节。游客恢复性感知对游后行为意向的影响过程表现为"环境刺激认知-情感-意向"三阶段传递机制。最后讨论了上述发现对目的地营销与管理的启示。     

基于扩展计划行为理论的乡村旅游经营者从众行为研究——西安市上王村实证

乡村旅游是实现巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接的重要路径选择。乡村旅游经营者的从众行为能够促进旅游地的规范化与规模化发展,但一味地盲从也必然会给旅游地造成不可挽回的损失,理性对待乡村旅游经营者的从众行为对旅游地的可持续发展意义深远。本文基于扩展的计划行为理论基本框架,引入精英影响感知和模糊情境感知两个变量,对乡村旅游经营者从众行为意向的影响因素进行实证研究,并构建乡村旅游经营者从众行为形成机制的理论模型。研究发现,行为态度、指令性规范、知觉行为控制、精英影响感知和模糊情境感知与从众行为意向呈显著正相关关系。另外,乡村旅游经营者的受教育水平对从众行为意向存在显著影响,且呈现受教育水平越高从众行为意向越低的趋势。为了进一步发展乡村旅游,助推乡村振兴,建议提升乡村旅游经营者的经营能力;发挥乡村旅游精英的信息传递与示范带动作用;落实政府的引导与监管职能;防范政府决策层的盲从行为。     

旅游移动APP能够持续吸引用户吗?——一个有调节的中介检验模型

在移动互联网背景下,旅游移动APP潜在商业价值巨大,相关企业为推广APP应用投入巨大.然而,旅游移动APP的用户是否会受到“强推”式营销策略的影响从而产生持续吸引力并构建顾客忠诚度呢？文章在已有成熟理论的基础上,引入了使用经验、传染性、自我效能3个变量,构建了有调节的中介检验模型.实证结果显示:旅游移动APP用户的感知优势对使用行为的直接效应与中介效应均显著,表明其只是部分通过中介变量作用于使用行为;传染性因素正向影响旅游移动APP用户的感知优势与使用行为,虽分享价值已被利用,但离充分发挥移动客户端营销爆炸性传播力量仍有距离;使用经验对态度与使用意向之间关系以及使用意向与使用行为之间关系的调节效应不显著,自我效能对旅游移动APP用户态度与使用意向之间关系的调节效应显著,而对使用意向与使用行为之间关系的调节效应不显著,旅游移动APP的内容与形式亟待完善.现有补贴、返利、首单立减等营销手段,可短时间引爆市场却尚不能够真正“俘获”用户,如何激发并培育用户的忠诚度仍需探索新的策略.     

旅游App用户粘性与购买意向:互动性视角

旅游App间的激烈竞争不断升级.如何提高旅游App用户粘性与购买意向是企业亟须解决的重要问题.文章以"信念→态度→行为"为框架,综合运用互动性理论与流体验理论,构建旅游App互动性影响用户粘性与购买意向的路径模型.采用问卷调查法,收集211份有效样本,执行偏最小二乘估计法,研究发现:预期互动性会正向影响感知互动性,但对用户满意没有直接影响;感知互动性不仅会直接影响而且还会通过流体验间接作用于用户满意;流体验和用户满意不仅会直接影响而且还会通过用户粘性间接影响购买意向;感知互动性和流体验对用户粘性与购买意向影响的总效应都很强.在理论上,发展了旅游App使用行为理论,丰富了互动性理论的应用范围;在实践上,提出时刻关注用户对互动性的预期与着力强化旅游App互动性体验两点建议.     

酒店管理专业实习生职业认同影响因素研究

大学生在酒店的实习体验,直接影响其对酒店职业的认同程度,更影响留职意向。职业认同作为一种心理学现象,是个体对所从事的职业给予的肯定性评价,激励着个体更加自觉和主动地参与职业活动,是实习生能否认可酒店工作,并积极完成工作任务的心理基础。因此,从大学生的酒店实习体验出发,研究酒店实习生的职业认同,明晰其影响因素,对于提高大学生的专业实习效果,帮助酒店留住高素质人才都有着重要的意义。     

A comparison of competing theoretical models for understanding acceptance behavior of information systems in upscale hotels

This study investigated which intention-based model, namely: (1) the technology acceptance model (TAM; Model 1); (2) the theory of planned behavior (TPB; Model 2); and (3) the decomposed TPB (DTPB; Model 3) is best for predicting and explaining employees’ behavioral intention to use hotel information system (HIS). Data were obtained from employees of 13 upscale hotels in Jeju, South Korea, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to examine and compare the three competing theoretical models (CTMs) in terms of overall model fit, explanatory power, and paths significance. The findings of this study revealed that if the key objective is to predict behavioral intention to use HIS, the TAM is preferable. However, if the key objective is to explain behavioral intention to use HIS, the DTPB is preferable.     

Exploring the dimensions of online destination brand experience: Spanish and North American tourists' perspectives

As the use of online platforms to search for information about tourist destinations grows, so does the need for destination marketing organizations (DMOs) to offer positive online destination brand (ODB) experiences. Two studies were conducted online to explore the central elements of a positive ODB experience with four official destination platforms (the website, Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter). Based on a photo-elicitation technique, the grounded theory approach, and data triangulation, this study identified six dimensions of a positive ODB experience: sensory, affective, behavioral, intellectual, interactive, and social. Thus, it extends the four-dimensional brand experience scale created by Brakus, Schmitt, and Zarantonello (2009) and proposes two other dimensions that deepen the understanding of an ODB experience: interactive and social. The results indicate that, rather than disseminating content, DMOs should focus on generating sensory, affective, behavioral, and intellectual experiences as well as fostering person-to-person connection and enabling users to create content on destination platforms.     

Mechanisms of consumers' trust development in reviewers' supplementary reviews: A reviewer-reader similarity perspective

The literature on online reviews tends to focus on initial consumer postings and reviews, but supplementary online reviews posted by the same reviewer remain an unexplored area in marketing in general and hospitality in particular. To address this gap in the research, this study offers a research model that examines the effects of reviewers' attributes on consumer trust and positive behavioral outcomes, using hotel attributes performance as a moderator. Using responses from 414 hospitality consumers in China, our findings reveal that reviewers whose supplementary reviews use similar identities to those of their initial review, review similar firms, and use similar websites gain consumers' trust. Hotel attributes performance has a strong positive moderating effect on the relationship between reviewers' attributes and consumers' trust, and the trust engendered in this way creates the psychological comfort that leads to positive behavioral outcomes. Implications for theory and practice are discussed along with suggestions for future research.     

Positive emotions and behavioral intentions of customers in full-service restaurants: Does aesthetic labor matter?

Based on the Mehrabian–Russell model, this study investigates whether aesthetic labor performance affects the positive emotions and behavioral intentions of customers in full-service restaurants. This research also identifies the mediating effects of positive emotions on aesthetic labor and behavioral intentions. A total of 320 valid questionnaires were collected from the customers of a well-known chain of restaurants in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate a model linking aesthetic labor, positive emotions, and behavioral intentions. The results revealed that aesthetic labor positively and significantly influences positive emotions and behavioral intentions, and that positive emotions positively and significantly influence behavioral intentions. However, when the control variables of food quality, ambiance, and service quality were added, aesthetic labor did not positively influence behavioral intentions. In addition, positive emotions did not mediate the relationship between aesthetic labor and behavioral intentions. Finally, we provide a discussion on practical implications and suggestions for future research.     

Destination Image,Novelty, Hedonics,Perceived Value,and Revisiting Behavioral Intention for Island Tourism

This paper examines tourists’ experience of island tourism and investigates the causal relationships between the destination image, novelty, hedonics, perceived value, and revisiting behavioral intention. A total of 355 respondents completed a survey conducted on Green Island (Lyudao in Chinese), Taiwan. Using structural equation modeling, the results of the analysis supported the proposed revisiting behavioral intention model as follows: (1) the destination image had a significant and positive influence on novelty, hedonics, and perceived value; (2) tourists’ perceptions of the novelty of island tourism had a significant and positive influence on hedonics, but the effect on perceived value was insignificant; (3) hedonics had a significant and positive effect on perceived value; and (4) perceived value had a significant and positive influence on revisiting behavioral intentions. The empirical results indicate that the destination image leads to a greater perception of novelty, promotes hedonics and perceived value, and fosters the revisiting behavioral intention in tourists. Managerial implications with regard to island tourism are drawn based on the research findings, and suggestions for future researchers are presented.     

How to win the consumer’s heart? Exploring appraisal determinants of consumer pre-consumption emotions

Emotions are key drivers of consumption in the tourism and hospitality sector. Therefore, advancing our understanding of the determinants of consumer emotions is critical for tourism and hospitality marketers to effectively influence consumer affect-driven consumption behavior. However, research on the determinants of pre-consumption emotions remains under-explored. This study aims to fill the research gap and proposes a theoretical framework to explain affect-driven behavior. Grounded on the cognitive appraisal theory of emotions, we hypothesize that marketing stimuli are personally appraised based on several dimensions such as novelty and goal relevance. These appraisal dimensions determine the elicitation of positive emotions, leading to behavioral intentions. A total of 655 participants were recruited for an empirical study to test this framework in the context of a tourism event experience. We use an experimental research design to examine consumer appraisals, emotions and behavioral intentions in four conditions: two marketing visual formats (poster vs. video) over two delivery channels (advertising vs. e-word-of-mouth). Research outcomes support the theoretical framework of consumer affect-driven behavior, suggesting that the elicitation of positive emotions beneficially guides consumer behavior in goal striving and novelty seeking. Based on this, emotion-focused marketing implications are recommended, including goal-based segmentation, goal-relevant content development and the use of eWOM as an emotion-enhancing message delivery channel.     

The Effect of Service Climate on Perceived Service Value and Behavioral Intentions: The Mediating Role of Service Quality

The purpose of the current study is to assess the influence of employees’ perceived service climate on customers’ perceived service value and behavioral intention. Furthermore, the paper investigates the extent to which service quality mediates the relationship among employees’ perceived service climate, customers’ perceived service value, and behavioral intention. Data were collected from convenience samples of 400 customers and 375 hotel employees. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that: (1) employees’ perceived service climate has a positive and significant influence on service quality, customers’ perceived service value, and behavioral intention and (2) service quality has a positive and significant influence on customers’ perceived service value and behavioral intention. Additionally, this study revealed that the indirect effect of employees’ perceived service climate on customers’ perceived service value and behavioral intention through service quality is more than the direct effect of employees’ perceived service climate, customers’ perceived service value, and behavioral intention.     

Determinants of the intention to participate in firm-hosted online travel communities and effects on consumer behavioral intentions

The increasing presence of firm-hosted online travel communities is motivating significant changes in the travel industry. This study attempts to explain consumers’ intentions to participate in such communities, and other consumer behavioral intentions, on the basis of a model that integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior, the Technology Acceptance Model, and Social Identity Theory. In addition, this research investigates the link between the intention to participate in a community and two behavioral intentions that may benefit the host firm: the intention to use the firm’s products/services and the intention to recommend the host firm. The results reveal that the chosen theories provide an appropriate framework for explaining the intention to participate; this intention in turn has a positive effect on the two other behavioral intentions. On the basis of the results, the authors propose some key conclusions and managerial implications.     

Travelers’ social identification and membership behaviors in online travel community

Given the growing use of the Internet, not only for the purchasing of holidays but also for exchange of information and sharing experiences, the issue of how social identification is created in an online community assumes potential importance. This study investigates travel members’ social identification through their online community experience and its positive behavioral outcomes (i.e., membership behaviors). Data are derived from 352 respondents belonging to MSN groups and are analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results of this study show that members’ active participation fortifies their sense of belonging to the online travel community, which makes members support the community by showing several positive member behaviors such as knowledge sharing, community promotion, and behavioral changes. Travel member’s interaction levels are further revealed to strengthen the magnitudes of the proposed relationships.     

Behavioral intention of visitors to an Oriental medicine festival: An extended model of goal directed behavior

Despite the importance of Oriental medicine festivals to Oriental medical tourism, little research has been conducted to understand the behavioral intention of visitors to these festivals. Therefore, this study examines the behavioral intention of visitors to a Korean Oriental medicine festival. This study employs the extended model of goal-directed behavior (EMGB) that incorporates two constructs related to Oriental medicine festivals: the Oriental medicine image of festival site (image) and the perception of Oriental medicine (perception). An on-site survey was conducted with 423 visitors attending the Sancheong Herbal Festival in South Korea. Results reveal that attitude, subjective norm, and positive anticipated emotion influenced visitors' desire to attend the festival, which, in turn, influenced their behavioral intentions. Two constructs of image and perception formed positive and significant relationships with attitude toward attending the festival. Practical implications of the study results are discussed.