服装卖场背景音乐对消费者情感与购买行为的影响

<正>目前,在竞争愈加激烈的服装市场上,背景音乐扮演着越来越重要的角色,其应用不仅能够美化购物环境,而且影响着消费者情感与购买行为。尤其服装卖场背景音乐的编排与设计,将随着声波的传递,直接体现着品牌文化与品牌定位,还能给消费者积极或消极的心理影响,对     

Consumers’ Social Media Brand Behaviors: Uncovering Underlying Motivators and Deriving Meaningful Consumer Segments

The current research identifies the range of social media brand behaviors (i.e., brand touch points) that consumers can exhibit on social media, and subsequently queries a representative sample of consumers with regard to such behaviors. The analysis reveals four underlying motivators for consumers’ social media behaviors, including brand tacit engagement, brand exhibiting, brand patronizing, and brand deal seeking. These motivators are used to derive meaningful consumer segments identified as content seekers, observers, deal hunters, hard‐core fans, posers and, respectively, patronizers, and described through co‐variates including brand loyalty, brand attachment, and social media usage. The findings are critically discussed in the light of literature on the needs that consumers meet through brand consumption and on the types of relationships consumers build with brands. Not least, the managerial implications of the current findings are debated.     

金融危机对消费者行为的影响及企业的营销策略研究

金融危机对中国消费者的心理、行为产生了影响:消费者信心下降、消费趋于理性,导致消费者购买力和档次降低、消费计划延迟,尤其是使消费者对促销和渠道的偏好发生改变.企业必须采取相应的营销措施和策略,改变营销环境,扩大销量,提高市场占有率,以便在危机时期迎合消费者,增强其信心,满足其需要,增加企业利润,从而实现企业和消费者的双赢.     

Adolescents’ perceived brand deprivation stress and its implications for corporate and consumer well‐being

Stress can impact various aspects of a person's well‐being. While some researchers have suggested that consumption‐related activities may cause stress, no research has yet explored such stress among vulnerable, younger consumers. To better understand this phenomenon, the concept of adolescents’ perceived brand deprivation stress (BDS) is introduced as a state of tension perceived negatively by a young consumer when he or she does not have specific brands from a particular product category. In a series of three studies with adolescents aged 11–17 years, a reliable and valid measure of BDS is developed and a framework encompassing antecedents and consequences of it is tested. This research demonstrates that an adolescent's peer group compared to the media exerts the strongest influence on BDS which is also affected by product involvement and age. In turn, stress influences both brand purchase intentions and psychosomatic illnesses, with the latter being reduced by consumer self‐confidence. The studies show that BDS is real, but seemingly problematic for only a small portion of vulnerable adolescents. The findings suggest that marketers should be cautious when targeting young consumers and that educational programs aimed at developing consumer skills and confidence in adolescents are advisable.     

Music‐Evoked Images: Music that Inspires Them and Their Influences on Brand and Message Recall in the Short and the Longer Term

Prior research studies of music‐background influences on brand message recall following ad exposure have produced equivocal results, possibly due to the practice of comparing presence or absence of music. This research moves beyond the presence or absence of background music to quantify the range of impacts on brand message recall created by multiple, diverse music backgrounds. Music backgrounds differ widely and prompt music‐evoked images (MEIs), both private, personal images forged during previous listening experiences, and connoted images common to multiple listeners, motivated by structural cues. Personally relevant private MEIs may have the unintended effect of interfering with brand message processing, integration, and recall, where nonbrand images are also prompted; nonetheless, prolonged processing of those MEIs may enhance chance of association between the music and brand and message elements, offering the intended effect of facilitating later music‐cued brand message recall. Impersonal, connoted MEIs may reinforce brand and message elements, improving brand message integration and recall and avoiding processing interference; however, with briefer processing, and without prior personal associations, the music may be less likely linked to brand and message elements and less effective in facilitating later music‐cued recall. Results of an experiment using multimedia ads for multiple brands with a diverse set of music backgrounds support the hypothesized influences of private and connoted MEIs.     

我国中学生媒体接触习惯和消费行为实证研究（二）

21世纪是信息时代。大众传媒围绕在中学生生活方方面面,影响日益扩大。为了解当今中学生面对报纸、广播、电视、网络、手机短信等传播形式消费中有哪些习惯和消费行为．通过问卷调查的方式对中学生媒体接触习惯和消费行为进行了专项调查。调查发现当前中学生选择媒体类型首先网络媒体．其次是电视媒体。中学生接触媒体途径开始由传统媒介向新媒介过渡。使用手机上网的已经占到26．23％．并有持续扩大的趋势。中学生主要关注的信息集中在娱乐、教育等方面。接触媒体的目的主要是为了放松精神,辅助学习．娱乐身心。传媒产品对中学生的世界观、价值观、人生观、消费观都有着极为重要的导航作用．建议多开发正面引导和适合中学生群体的媒介产品。     

How Purchase Type Influences Consumption-Related Posting Behavior on Social Media: The Moderating Role of Materialism

It is now common to see consumers post their own purchases on social media to communicate feelings and/or thoughts about the consumption items to their social media audience. The authors conducted two surveys with a student sample and an Amazon MTurk sample to investigate factors leading to such behavior. The results show that purchase type predicts the consumption-related posting behavior—experiential purchases are more likely to get posted than material purchases, and materialism serves as a moderator in the influence of purchase type on the posting behavior. Specifically, lower-materialism consumers are more likely to post experiential purchases on social media than material purchases, while higher-materialism consumers do not show such a pattern. This article pioneers in investigating consumption-related posting behavior and provides important implications to research on user-generated content, materialism, and purchase type.     

Managerial Behavior, Entrepreneurial Style, and Small Firm Performance

Considerable effort has been devoted to identifying the general characteristics of entrepreneur; however, much of this has been conducted from a trait–based rather than from a behavioral perspective. In this study of small firms in the United Kingdom, we explored the relationships among managerial behaviors (based upon a competence model), entrepreneurial style (based on Covin and Slevin's theory), and firm type (in terms of sales growth performance). Principal components analysis of a management competence inventory identified six broad categories of managerial behavior. Regressing a measure of entrepreneurial style on these six behaviors suggested that managing culture and managing vision are related to an entrepreneurial style, while managing performance is related to a nonentrepreneurial style. Entrepreneurial style—but not managerial behavior—was associated positively with the probability that a firm would be a high–growth type. The results are discussed from the perspective of a model of small firm management that posits separate entrepreneurial, nonentrepreneurial, and generic management behaviors derived from a global competence space.     

新媒体下的区域品牌传播策略研究综述及相关品牌传播评论

论文综述目前新媒体下区域品牌传播的策略研究成果。这些成果不能代表全国相关研究水平,但是对有兴趣者可以提供一定的理论视野,从而进一步促进这方面的研究。论文同时以鹤山男鞋为例,分析其目前区域品牌传播的现状和新的传播媒介带来的传播机遇,在此基础上提出新媒体环境下的区域品牌传播策略。     

Must be the Music: Examining the Placement Effects of Character-Brand Association and Brand Prestige on Consumer Brand Interest within the Music Video Context

First introduced as a way to promote an artist's music, the music video now serves as a communication tool that influences viewers’ consumption patterns across a variety of product categories. Through the use of a quasi-experiment, the effects of the artist-brand relationship and brand prestige on consumer brand interest are examined. Findings indicate that characteristics of the focal brand as well as the brand's link with an individual in the video may especially impact a consumer's interest in owning a brand. Managerial and scholarly implications are also advanced.     

品牌熟悉度和赞助方式对消费者响应的影响

文章通过研究了赞助事件中品牌熟悉度与赞助方式对消费者品牌态度与购买意愿的影响,得出以下结论：首先,与不赞助相比,品牌单独赞助时,消费者对低熟悉度赞助品牌的态度和购买意愿会显著提高,但对高熟悉度赞助品牌的态度和购买意愿则没有显著变化。其次,与单独赞助相比,当两个品牌共同赞助某一事件时,消费者对低熟悉度品牌的态度和购买意愿会显著降低;而对高熟悉度品牌的态度和购买意愿则没有显著影响。最后,文章为企业营销人员制定赞助策略提出一些有益的营销启示。     

Reversing the Similarity Effect in Stock‐Outs: A New Look at a Renowned Phenomenon in Consumers’ Brand Switching Behavior

Over 40 years of research has established the robustness of the similarity effect (SE; Tversky, 1972 ), which states that the introduction of new options into choice sets predominantly reduces the choice share of similar options. The present work examines whether the SE systematically reverses when real brands are excluded from assortment subsets, as is the case with stock‐outs in real purchase decisions. To this end, within‐subject decisions are examined under certain out‐of‐stock (OOS) conditions in an enhanced experimental design that resembles real shopping environments. Specifically, unforced choices of experienced consumers, inclusive of real payments, are observed for products in online transactions. The results of two studies corroborate the existence of a reserved SE. Specifically, the OOS‐induced switching patterns systematically refute the assumptions of classic economic theory, since consumers disproportionately switch to alternatives which are similar to the unavailable item in contrast to dissimilar substitutes. Finally, managerial implications and potential directions for follow‐up research in the general domain of marketing are deduced.     

Lifestyle and Demographic Influences on Females' Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages

Using responses to a national survey, levels of consumption of beer, wine and spirits were related to life-style, age, education, and income. The findings suggest different sets of factors are linked to consumption levels for the various beverages, but that most life-style variables are of limited value in predicting higher levels of consumption. Implications to advertising are highlighted.     

The Effects of Advertising,Social Influences,and Self-Efficacy on Adolescent Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption

Exploring the simultaneous effects of key variables on the unhealthy consumption behavior of adolescents, two studies focused on the relative effects of advertising, parental and peer influence, and self-efficacy on adolescent tobacco use and alcohol consumption. The results suggest that (1) advertising effects are largely neutralized by parental and peer influence; (2) peer and parental influence strongly predict adolescent tobacco use and alcohol consumption; and (3) self-efficacy is a weak predictor of both adolescent risk behaviors.     

Brand Actions on Social Media: Direct Effects on Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) and Moderating Effects of Brand Loyalty and Social Media Usage Intensity

Most existing social media research has been user focused. This study looks at social media from the brand's perspective by testing (1) theoretical links between brand-action antecedents and positive electronic word of mouth (eWOM); and (2) how brand loyalty and social media usage intensity moderate the relationships between the antecedents and eWOM. Using structural equational modelling from 290 Facebook users, we find empirical support for three brand action constructs (personalization, responsiveness, and transparency) to eWOM. We also find the moderating effects of social media usage intensity and brand loyalty on the relationship between responsiveness and eWOM. Theoretical and managerial implications for these findings are discussed.     

Consumer Brand Engagement in Social Media: Conceptualization,Scale Development and Validation

In the last three decades, an influential research stream has emerged which highlights the dynamics of focal consumer/brand relationships. Specifically, more recently the ‘consumer brand engagement’ (CBE) concept has been postulated to more comprehensively reflect the nature of consumers' particular interactive brand relationships, relative to traditional concepts, including ‘involvement.’ However, despite the growing scholarly interest regarding the undertaking of marketing research addressing ‘engagement,’ studies have been predominantly exploratory in nature, thus generating a lack of empirical research in this area to date. By developing and validating a CBE scale in specific social media settings, we address this identified literature gap. Specifically, we conceptualize CBE as a consumer's positively valenced brand-related cognitive, emotional and behavioral activity during or related to focal consumer/brand interactions. We derive three CBE dimensions, including cognitive processing, affection, and activation. Within three different social media contexts, we employ exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to develop a reliable, 10-item CBE scale, which we proceed to validate within a nomological net of conceptual relationships and a rival model. The findings suggest that while consumer brand ‘involvement’ acts as a CBE antecedent, consumer ‘self-brand connection’ and ‘brand usage intent’ represent key CBE consequences, thus providing a platform for further research in this emerging area. We conclude with an overview of key managerial and scholarly implications arising from this research.     

What Does this Gift Say about Me,You, and Us? The Role of Adolescents’ Gift Giving in Managing their Impressions among their Peers

This study examines adolescents’ gift giving using a qualitative methodology, based on impression management theory. Gift‐giving motives and the characteristics of the chosen gifts indicated that adolescents use gift giving instrumentally to manage and protect their impressions among their peers. The study extends the literature on adolescents’ gift giving, and provides evidence regarding different types of gifts such as joint, neutral, and twofold gifts. Additionally, some gifts are aimed at strengthening similarity and bind the extended selves of givers and receivers.     

基于苹果公司的服务品牌与消费体验关系研究

本文以苹果公司产品和服务为调查对象,对苹果公司服务品牌建设进行分析,从消费体验入手进行多维度着手,构建一个消费体验与服务品牌建设关系的理论分析框架。将服务品牌分为外在展示和内涵感知,对消费体验进行分析,并通过问卷调查的形式对苹果公司产品用户进行调研和数据研究,引入实证分析的模式对框架进行分析。通过实证发现:服务品牌的外在展示对思考体验没有正向影响,内涵感知对感官体验没有正向影响。     

Influences on Student Intention and Behavior Toward Environmental Sustainability

As organizations place greater emphasis on environmental objectives, business educators must produce the next set of leaders who can champion corporate environmental sustainability initiatives. However, environmental sustainability represents a polarizing topic with some students dismissing its importance and legitimacy. Limited research exists to understand student behavioral influences on sustainability education, especially as it translates to environmental sustainability behavior in the workplace. This gap challenges our ability as educators to understand how to best teach environmental sustainability in order to reach diverse student mindsets. We apply the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to address this gap, investigating the influence of student attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control on environmental sustainability intention and behavior. A structural model tested with student survey data finds that student attitude represents the strongest influence on environmental sustainability intention. The model also validates that subjective norm affects sustainability intention with students considering professors along with business leaders and politicians as valid references for sustainability knowledge. To tie the results to effective educational interventions, we use the TPB to organize an extensive review of the sustainability pedagogy literature and identify specific teaching recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of environmental sustainability education.