地区水权初始分配模型探讨——以慈溪市为例

针对地区的水权初始分配问题,探讨了目标规划模型进行分配的方法。分析了初始水权分配的优先级别,建立了地区水权初始分配的目标规划模型,并根据慈溪市的实际情况,对慈溪市的水权初始配置进行了应用研究。     

水资源产权初始分配中政府职能的定位

水市场建设和水权制度创新的前提与基础是水资源产权的初始分配,而初始水权分配关乎社会、经济、环境、生态诸多方面,政府在其中扮演着举足轻重的作用,初始水权分配的成败得失彰显着政府职能。目前,我国水资源初始分配中政府的职能定位及现实中政府职能存在缺陷,应加以健全与完善:一是建立健全水资源产权初始分配的法律制度;二是对初始水权分配过程进行广泛的监督和管理;三是积极促进社会公众参与初始水权分配。     

流域初始排污权分配的AHP法及其应用研究

流域初始排污权分配是流域排污权交易制度实施的基础。流域排污权的初始分配存在二级分配模式,一是将总排污权分配到流域内各行政单元,二是由各行政单元把分配到的排污权再分配到辖区内的各排污企业。本文基于效率和公平并重的原则,综合考虑流域内各行政单元的社会、经济与环境因素,给出了流域初始排污权分配的AHP方法,并以太湖流域为例进行了实证分析。     

流域水资源数量与质量分配双重冲突的博弈分析

本文同时引入水权交易和排污权交易制度，运用博弈论的方法，对流域不同地区在水资源数量与质量分配方面的双重冲突进行分析，探讨流域利益冲突各方从河流中取水和向河流排污的行为特征，寻求实现流域各地区水资源数量与质量分配合作均衡的有效途径。     

基于水功能区划的流域初始排污权分配方式研究

排污权交易制度是治理流域水污染的有效手段,而流域初始排污权的分配是实施排污权交易制度的起点和关键。本文基于太湖流域水功能区划,以市级行政单元为主体,以COD、NH3-N、TP和TN四种污染物为客体,采用等比例削减法对太湖流域初始排污权的分配问题进行了研究,并对太湖流域初始排污权分配量与现实排污量以及太湖流域初始排污分配量与区域经济发展水平进行了分析。     

基于综合集成研讨厅的初始水权分配决策支持系统体系研究

为了更好解决由于传统初始水权分配中现存的效率不足、无法兼顾各利益主体间的公平、配置方法存在局限性以及配套法律不完善等问题,引申出的一系列复杂决策问题,根据其求解的综合集成过程关注到对系统的需求,并制定出一种综合集成型决策支持系统,借鉴钱学森提出的解决复杂性巨系统问题的综合集成理论,构建初始水权分配综合集成研讨厅作为决策平台,进而建立起基于此平台的系统体系结构     

经济学视域下水权流转制度之理性分析

直面日益严重的水资源供需危机,我国亟需对水资源管理体制进行完善.研考美国、澳大利亚等国的成功经验发现,设立由水权分配、水权经营和水权协商建构的水权流转制度成为一种共识.     

基于成本补偿的水权定价模型研究

为缓解水资源短缺危机,我国开始尝试水权交易,但在交易中存在价格扭曲的现象,挫伤农民节水积极性。因此,解决水权交易中的价格问题意义重大。结合我国水权和水权交易性质,提出水权定价的原则,分析水权交易涉及的各种成本,主要包括工程成本、风险补偿成本、生态补偿成本和经济补偿成本。在此基础上,采用完全成本法进行水权定价,并且区分水权交易期限不大于节(输)水工程的使用寿命与交易期限大于节(输)水工程的使用寿命两种情况讨论,给出水权定价模型。为水权交易中的价格制定提供理论基础和方法,有利于水权市场的完善和水资源的高效利用。     

供应链供需双方利益风险分配方法

供应链中供需双方的利益风险分配是否合理是决定供需双方合信任成败的关键。本文从供需双方利益分配的基本原则出发,利用模糊综合评判法,提出了供需双方利益风险合理分配的定量方法。     

供应链供需双方利益风险分配方法

供应链中供需双方的利益风险分配是否合理是决定供需双方合信任成败的关键.本文从供需双方利益分配的基本原则出发,利用模糊综合评判法,提出了供需双方利益风险合理分配的定量方法.     

基于Minimax的漳河流域水资源公平配置

漳河流域水资源冲突激烈的现状,使得公平原则在水资源配置过程中尤其重要。借鉴极小极大值方法,构建漳河流域水资源公平配置模型,并给出模型的求解算法,最后以漳河流域水资源初始配置为例,利用Matlab优化工具箱编程计算得出典型枯水年来水和现状年需水、规划年需水情景下的配置方案。结果表明:模型较好地实现了用户公平性,有效避免了"大锅水"现象。     

供应商选择问题中单产品采购量分配模型

研究了在随机需求和增量价格折扣条件下的单产品采购量分配模型。针对供应商选择问题中广泛存在的多目标性以及目标的模糊性,提出了一种用于解决该类问题的模糊多目标规划模型。结合一个算例找到了给定条件下各供应商的采购量分配的最优方案,归纳出了求解该问题的过程与步骤,验证了模型的有效性与可行性。     

Integrated environmental policy instruments driven river water pollution management decision system

Market-based approaches and command and control regulations are the two main tools that policy/decision makers use to implement environmental protection goals; however, these alone have proven to be somewhat ineffective or counterproductive in some cases. Therefore, this study proposes a hybrid environmental policy tool to guide river basin environmental management decisions. The river basin authority and regional Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as the two leading decision makers, and policy makers and implementers of river basin management, make decisions sequentially in a process similar to a Stackelberg game. This decision making can be mathematically represented using a bi-level optimization model. The proposed model addressed the conflicting equitable resource allocation and economic efficiency objectives to achieve coordinated development of the whole river basin. To verify the model effectiveness, the most considerable pollutant emissions limits and water quality standards were set, and incentive measures (pollution chargers and subsidies) were applied to assess these hybrid instruments' impact on the decision outcomes. The results from a Minjiang river basin case further illustrated that the trade-off between social equity and cost-efficient environmental goals could efficiently achieve, proving that a combination of instruments could be influential in pollution decision-making and delivery of environmental policy. Given the model's proven effectiveness, several proposals are given for solving complex pollution problems that also need to consider the related socioeconomic issues.     

基于供应链风险管理的食品供应商选择

从供应链风险管理的角度.对食品供应商选择的影响因素进行分析.运用层次分析法(AHP)建立食品供应商选择方案的评价指标体系及评价模型.井应用模糊理论进行模糊综合评价。结合算例.较好地解决了供应链风险管理下食品供应商的选择问题。     

A group Multi-Criteria Decision-Making method for water supply choice optimization

In this study, an extension of a group Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) method based on the fuzzy ELECTRE III (ELimination Et Choice Translating REality) model is presented for water supply choice optimization. The fuzzy ELECTRE III method is improved by using three credibility definitions - concordance, discordance, and net degrees. Experts' opinions are transformed into triangular fuzzy numbers based on the level of uncertainty associated with quantitative and qualitative criteria. The main priority of this method compared to other existing MCDM is that it is a more effective way of dealing with the uncertainties in projects as the application of the opinions is made based on a group decision. A Case Study of a water supply system for the Gamasiab Basin located in the Kermanshah province of Iran is examined to demonstrate the application of the model. Comparing the introduced method's results with the existing MCDMs, including fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy AHP methods, indicated that the new method stands more consistent with the local experts' opinions. Therefore, the proposed method is recommended as the optimal decision-making technique for similar applications of complex water supply engineering projects.     

Multi-stage evaluation and selection in the formation process of complex creative solution

In the case of limited organizational resources, smoothly and effectively completing the multi-stage evaluation and selection in the formation process of complex creative solution is vital for the organization to solve creative problems. In this paper, a multi-stage evaluation criteria system is constructed from the three dimensions of novelty, value and practicality, each of which is composed of three separate evaluation criteria systems, and the fuzzy AHP method is applied to obtain the weights of each dimensions and sub-dimensions, we find that the weights of the same dimensions and sub-dimensions are different in each evaluation criteria systems. The fuzzy TOPSIS method and the fuzzy AHP method are combined to build a multi-stage evaluation and selection model in the formation process of complex creative solution, then the complex creative solutions development activities of rural credit products, which we have been personally involved in, are selected as the analysis case to confirm the practical operability of this model.     

Marginal values of water quantity and quality variations

A model is presented that incorporates water quantity and quality aspects and a market-based system is developed to characterize optimum water allocations between two regions or countries. A methodology is developed to compute an optimal policy that could support an interregional optimum water quantity and quality allocation in case that the relevant authorities of both regions agreed to impose it. The methodology is illustrated using the case of the Nestos river in the Balkans.     

基于供应链环境下的供应商评价指标体系的研究

通过对供应链环境下影响供应商选择因素的分析，提出了建立指标评价体系的原则，据此建立了具体的供应商指标体系和评价模型，并给出了结合层次分析（AHP）的模糊综合评价计算方法。